2020年度全国职称英语等级考试综合B真题及答案

1、全国职称英语等级考试综合类（B级）真题试题及答案第1部分：词汇选项（第115题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1.After wards there was just a feeling of let-down.A. excitement B. anger C. Calm D. disappointment2.The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.A. copy B. furnish C. publish D. summa

2、riza3.The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid.A. hidden B. inflexible C. traditiona D. official4.He led a very moral lifeA. honourable B. human C. intelligent D .natural.5.The majority of people around here are decent.A. real B. honest C .normal D. wealthy6.His knowledge of French is fair.A. ver

3、y useful B. very limited C. quite good D. rather special7.The group does not advocate the use of violence.A. limit B. regalate C. support D .oppose8.The worst agonies of the war were now beginning.A. pains B. parts C. aspects D. results9.It was a magic night until the spell was broken.A. time B. cha

4、rm C .space D. opportunity10.They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present system.A. prove B. discover C. consider D. imagine11.Several windows had been smashed.A. cleaned B. replaced C. broken D. fixed12.She felt that she had done her good deed for the day.A. homework B. act C. justice

5、 D. model13.London quickly became a flourishing port.A. major B. large C. successful D. commercial14.His professional career spanned 16 years.A. stareed B. changed C. moved D. lasted15.His stomach felt hollow with fearA. empty B. sincere C. respectful D. terrible第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个

6、句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.The Most Wonderful IslandsThe Palm Islands are artificial islands in Dubai, United Arab Emirates on which major commercial and residential infrastructure will be constructed. They are being constructed by Nakheel Properties,

7、 a property developer in the United Arab Emirates, who hired the Dutch dredging and marine contractor Van Oord, one of the worlds specialists in land reclamation. The islands are the Palm Jumeirah, the Palm Jebel Ali and the Palm Deira.Each settlement will be in the shape of a palm tree, topped with

8、 a crescent, and will have a large number of residential, leisure and entertainment centers. The Palm Islands are located off the coast of The United Arab Emirates in the Persian Gulf and will add 520 kilometres of beaches to the city of Dubai.The first two islands will comprise approximately 100 mi

9、llion cubic meters of rock and sand. Palm Deira will be composed of approximately 1 billion cubic meters of rock and sand. All materials will be quarried in the UAE. Between the three islands there will be over 100 luxury hotels, exclusive residential beach side villas and apartments, marinas, water

10、 theme parks, restaurants, shopping malls, sports facilities and health spas.The creation of the Palm Jumeirah began in June 2001. Shortly after, the Palm Jebel Ali was announced and reclamation work began. The Palm Deira, which is planned to have a surface area of 46.35 square kilometre. Constructi

11、on was originally planned to take 1015 years, but that was before the impact of the global credit crunch hit Dubai.16. Some Dutch engineers are experienced in reclaiming land from the sea.A . Right B . Wrong C . Not mentioned17. The islands are being built in the deep water of the sea.A . Right B .

12、Wrong C . Not mentioned18. Rocks for building the breakwater were taken from the World of Islands.A . Right B . Wrong C . Not mentioned19. All the luxury homes on Palm Jumeirah were sold.A . Right B . Wrong C . Not mentioned20. The water theme park in Jebei All will attract more tourists.A . Right B

13、 . Wrong C . Not mentioned21. The Palm Deira will be the same size as Paris.A . Right B . Wrong C . Not mentioned22. The World Islands are bigger than the Palm JumeirahA . Right B . Wrong C . Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第2330题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给

14、的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。The Storyteller1. Steven Spielberg has always had one goal: to tell as many great stories to as many people as will listen. And thats what he has always been about. The son of a computer scientist and a pianist, Spielberg spent his early childhood in New Jersey and, later, Arizon

15、a. From the very beginning, his fertile imagination filled his young mind with images that would later inspire his filmmaking. 2. Even decades later, Spielberg says he has clear memories of his earliest years, which are the origins of some of his biggest hits. He believes that E.T. is the result of

16、the difficult years leading up to his parents 1966 divorce, “It is really about a young boy who was in search of some stability in his life.”“He was scared of just about everything,” recalls his mother, Leah Adler. “When trees brushed against the house, he would head into my bed. And thats just the

17、kind of scary stuff he would put in films like Poltergeist.” 3. Spielberg was 11 when he first got his hands on his dads movie camera and began shooting short flicks about flying saucers and World War battles. Spielbergs talent for scary storytelling enabled him to make friends. On Boy Scout camping

18、 trips, when night fell, Spielberg became the center of attention. “Steven would start telling his ghost stories,” says Richard Y. Hoffman Jr., leader of Troop 294, “and everyone would suddenly get quiet so that they could all hear it.” 4. Spielberg moved to California with his father and went to hi

19、gh school there, but his grades were so bad that he barely graduated. Both UCLA and USC film schools rejected him, so he entered California State University at Long Beach because it was close to Hollywood. Spielberg was determined to make movies, and he managed to get an unpaid, non-credit internshi

20、p（实习）in Hollywood. Soon he was given a contract, and he dropped out of college. He never looked back. 5. Now, many years later, Spielberg is still telling stories with as much passion as the kid in the tent. Ask him where he gets his ideas, Spielberg shrugs. “The process for me is mostly intuitive (

21、凭直觉的),” he says. “There are films that I feel I need to make, for a variety of reasons, for personal reasons, for reasons that I want to have fun, that the subject matter is cool, that I think my kids will like it. And sometimes I just think that it will make a lot of money, like the sequel(续集) to J

22、urassic Park.”23. Paragraph 1_24. Paragraph 2_25. Paragraph 3_26. Paragraph 4_A. Inspirations for his movies B. The trouble of making movies C. A funny man D. Getting into the movie business E. Telling stories to make friends F. An aim of life 27. Some of Spielbergs most successful movies came from

23、_28. When Spielberg was a boy，he used to be scared of _29. Spielberg is very good at _30. Spielberg says he makes movies for _A. almost everything B. telling scary stories C. a number of reasons D. making children laugh E. his childhood memories F. a lot of money 第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每

24、篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文回答其后面的问题，为每题确定一个最佳答案。第一篇 The Making of a Success StoryIKEA is the worlds largest furniture retailer, and the man behind it is Ingvar Kamprad, one of the worlds most successful entrepreneurs. Born in Sweden in 1926, Kamprad was a natural businessman. As a child, he enjoyed selling thing

25、s and made small profits from selling matches, seeds, and pencils in his community. When Kamprad was 17, his father gave him some money as a reward for his good grades. Naturally he used it to start up a business一IKEA.IKEAs name comes from Kamprads initials (I.K.) and the place where he grew up (E a

26、nd A). Today IKEA is known for its modern, minimalist furniture1, but it was not a furniture company in the beginning. Rather, IKEA sold all kinds of miscellaneous goods. Kamprads wares included anything that he could sell for profits at discounted prices2, including watches, pens and stockings.IKEA

27、 first began to sell furniture through a mail-order catalogue in 1947. The fUrniture was all designed and made by manufacturers near Kamprads home. Initial sales were very encouraging, so Kamprad expanded the product line. Furniture was such a successful aspect of the business that IKEA became solel

28、y a furniture company in 1951.In 1953 IKEA opened its first showroom in Almhult, Sweden. IKEA is known today for its spacious stores with furniture iti attractive settings, but in the early 1950s, people ordered from catalogues. Thus response to the first showroom was overwhelmiig: people loved bein

29、g able to see and try the furniture before buying it. This led to increased sales and the company continued to thrive. By 1955, IKEA was designing all its own furniture.In 1956 Kamprad saw a man disassembling a table to make it easier to transport. Kamprad was inspired. The man had given him a great

30、 idea: flat packaging3. Flat packaging would mean lower shipping costs for IKEA and lower prices for customers. IKEA tried it and sales soared. The problem was that people had to assemble furniture themselves, but over time, even this grew into an advantage for IKEA. Nowadays, IKEA is often seen as

31、having connotations of self-sufficiency. This image has done wonders for the company, leading to better sales and continued expansion.Today there are over 200 stores in 32 countries. Amazingly, Ingvar Kamprad has managed to keep IKEA a privately-held company. In 2004 he was named the worlds richest

32、man. He currently lives in Switzerland and is retied from the day-to-day operations of IKEA. IKEA itself, though, just keeps on growing.31. Kamprad established IKEA withA . his personal savingsB . his fathers reward for his school performanceC . large profits from selling thingsD . his schools suppo

33、rt32. The author states in Paragraph 5 that flat packagingA . needs large space to assembly fumitureB . is a business concept inspired by KampradC . helps reduce transportation costsD . makes the company self-sufficient33. According to the passage.which of the following is NOT true?A . IKEA experien

34、ced rapid expansion since the late 1950sB . IKEA designd its own products since 1955C . IKEA sold all kinds of miscellaneous goods originallyD . Kamprad sold his company after retirement34. what is the authers attitude towards IKEAs future according toA . indifferentB . DoubtfulC . OptimisticD . Pes

35、simistic35. The passage is developed primarily in terms ofA . analysis of a processB . examples that illustrate a problemC . comanson and contrastD . sequence events第二篇 Approaches to Understanding Intelligences It bays to be smart, but we are not all smart in the same way .You may be a talented musi

36、cian, but you might not be a good reader. Each of us is different.Psychologists disagree about what is intelligence and what are talents or personal abilities .Psychologists have two different views on intelligence .Some believe there is one general intelligence .Others believe there are many differ

37、ent intelligences . Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests .These psychologists support their view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests .They do well on tests using word

38、s, numbers or pictures. They do well on individual or group tests, and written or oral tests .Those who do poorly on one test, do the same on all tests.Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence .The brain of intelligence people use less energy during problem

39、 solving .The brain waves of people with higher intelligence show a quicker reaction .Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain .Howard Gardner, a psychologist at the Harvard School of Educ

40、ation, has four children .He believes that all children are different and shouldnt be tested by one intelligence test .Although Gardner believes general intelligence exists, he doesnt think it tells much about the talents of a person outside of formal schooling .He think that the human mind has diff

41、erent intelligences .These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life .Each of us has different abilities within these intelligences .Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences .Gardner says that

42、 his theory is based on biology .For example ,when one part of the Brain is injured ,other parts of the brain still work .People who cannot talk because of Brain damage can still sing .So ,there is not just one intelligence to lose .Gardner has Identified 8 different kinds of intelligence; linguisti

43、c, mathematical, spatial, musical, Interpersonal, intrapersonal, body-kinesthetic(身体动觉的),and naturalistic .36. What is the main idea of this passage?A . The importance of intelligenceB . The development of intelligence testsC . How to understand intelligenceD . How to become intelligent37. Which of

44、the following statements is true concerning general intelligence?A . Most intelligent people do well on some intelligence testsB . Intelligent people do not do well on group testsC . Intelligent people do better on written tests than on oral testsD . People doing well on one type of intelligence tes

45、t do well on other tests38. Gardner believe thatA . all children are alikeB . children have different intelligencesC . children should take one intelligence testD . there is no general intelligence39. According to Gardner schools shouldA . promote development of all intelligencesB . test students wh

46、o do poorly on testsC . train students who do poorly on testsD . focus on finding the most intelligent students40. Gardner thinks that his theory has aA . musical foundationB . intrapersonal foundationC . linguistic foundationD . biological foundation第三篇 The Workers Role in ManagementTraditionally，

47、it has been the workers role to work and managements role to manage. Managers have planned and directed the firms operations with little thought to consulting the labor force. Managers have rarely felt compelled to obtain the workers opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees. At most

48、， companies have provided “suggestion boxes” in which workers could place ideas for improving procedures. In recent years， however， many management specialists have been arguing that workers are more than sellers of labor-they have a vital stake in the company and may be able to make significant con

49、tributions to its management. Furthermore， major company decisions profoundly affect workers and their dependents. This is particularly true of plant closings， which may put thousands on the unemployment lines. Should workers， then play a stronger role in management?Workers should have a role in man

50、agement. At the very least the labor force should be informed of major policy decisions. (A common complaint among rank-and-file workers is the lack of information about company policies and actions.)Between 1980 and 1985 about five million workers were the victims of plant closings and permanent la

51、yoffs， often with no warning. At least 90 daysnotice ought to be given in such instances so that workers have time to adjust. Management should consult workers before closing a plant because the workers might be able to suggest ways of improving productivity and reducing costs and might be willing t

52、o make concessions that will help keep the plant operating.It should become a general practice to include workers in some managerial decision making. There ought to be representatives of the workers on the firms board of directors or other major policymaking groups. If rank-and-file workers are give

53、n a voice in the planning and management of the work flow， they will help to make improvements， their morale will rise， and their productivity will increase. As a further incentive they must be given a share in the companys profits. This can be done through employee stockownership plans， bonuses， or

54、 rewards for efficiency and productivity. Finally， when a plant can no longer operate at a profit， the workers should be given the opportunity to purchase the plant and run it themselves.41. It can be inferred from Paragraph 1 that managersA . were not qualifiedB . seldom obtain workers opinionC . d

55、islike suggestion workers opinionsD . never consulted the tapor torce42. In recent years，many management specialists have been arguing theyA . should have a say in management of the companyB . are no longer sellers of the productsC . are less affected by company decisions than beforeD . are able to

56、make final decisions for the company43. The word rank-file Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning toA . seniorB . ordinaryC . intelligentD . capable44. According to the passage，what happened between 1980 and 1985A . About five million workers were laid off without advance noticeB . Managers consulted wor

57、kers before closing a plantC . Workers did not make necessary concessionD . Many companies were closed because of strikes45. If not give a voice in managerial decision making，workersA . may lack the incentive to increase their productivityB . cannot get a share in the companys profitsC . can still g

58、et bonuses for efficiency and productivityD . will not have the opportunity to purchase the plant第5部分：补全短文（第4650题，每题2分，共10分）下面的短文有5处空白；短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。The Day a Language DiedWhen Carios Westez died at the age of 76. A language died, too.Westez, more commonly known as Red Thunder Cloud,was the last speaker of the Native Am