unit10Division

1、Unit 9Division拆译法Pre-class Questions l1. What is Division?l2. What are the different features in sentence structure that lead to the necessity of Division?l3. What elements might be picked out in Division?l4. What are the other translation techniques involved in Division?10.1 Picking Out of WordslEx

2、amples:l1. I had unforgivably, in a stealthy manner, peeped at her correspondence. (Rebecca)l译文1. 我不可饶恕地、以偷偷摸摸的方式偷看了她的信件。l译文2. 我偷偷摸摸地看她的信，这实在是难以这实在是难以宽恕宽恕的行为。l2. At present people have a tendency to choose the safety of the middle-ground reply.l译文1. 如今，人们有一种倾向，那就是选择不偏不倚的态度来回答问题。l译文2. 如今，人们倾向于采取不偏不倚的

3、态度来回答问题，因为这样安全，不招风险因为这样安全，不招风险。l3. I shall be glad of your company on the journey.l如果你能陪我一块儿去，我会很高兴。lReflection:lWhat are the usual steps to deal with words hard to reproduce in the original structure?l1. Determine which word(s) to pick out;l2. Apply Conversion or Addition, if necessary, to make the

4、 translated version smooth and well-connected;l3. Rearrange the word order according to the Chinese mode of expression.lDrills l1. It was a dangerously foolish area to which they pinned down a major portion of U.S. military power. (co-ordinate)l他们把美国一大部分军事力量困在那个地区，这（样做）是愚蠢而危险的。l2. I stated that his

5、demarche cannot safely be regarded as mere bluff. (conclusion)l我说过，把他的外交方针看做仅仅是恫吓，那决不是万全之策。l3. They properly have to be very factual. (co-ordinate)l他们不能不实事求是，这才是恰当的（按理说也是应该这样做的）。l4. The great social measure of the Paris Commune was its own working existence. (co-ordinate)l巴黎公社的伟大社会措施就在于它不仅能够生存，而且能够行

6、使其职能。l5. We reject as misleading and deliberate such attempts to distract us from the real issue. (cause)l我们抵制这些企图，因为这些企图要使我们从正真的问题上转移注意力，因为这些企图是骗人的，是故意预谋的。l6. They were understandably reluctant to join battles. (explanatory, appositive)l他们不愿意参战，这是可以理解的。10.2 Picking Out of PhraseslQuestion:lWhat phr

7、ases may be picked out and expanded in translation?lDrills:l1. I waited in growing impatience to get on my way, not for one minute but for quite a considerable time. (W. Gallacher: Revolt on the Clyde)l我等着要上路，越等越不耐烦，哪里是等一会儿，一等就是老半天。l2. The difficulty of attainment increases the value of the object.

8、(Romeo and Juliet)l越是难得的东西，其身价就越高。l3. When Chou Enlais door opened they saw a slender man of more than average height with gleaming eyes and a face so striking that it bordered on the beautiful. (A. Smedley: The Great Road)l周恩来的房门开了。他们看到了一个身材修长的人，比普通人高，目光炯炯，面貌引人注目，称得上美男子。l4. Thunderstorms in spring

9、and summer often come with intensity great enough to cause flash-flooding. l春夏两季，雷雨交加，猛烈异常，往往顷刻之间，暴雨成灾。l5. This new era was acclaimed everywhere as a symbol of a break with an obsolete past. (co-ordinate)l人们到处都在欢呼这个新时代，认为这是与陈腐的过去决裂的一个象征。l6. This was an intelligently organized and fervent meeting in

10、a packed Town Hall, with Mr. Strong in the chair. (co-ordinate, explanatory)l这是一次精心组织起来的会议。市政厅里挤满了人，热情洋溢，主持会议的是斯特朗先生。l7. Nothing seems to be too much for your people to make our stay here comfortable and enjoyable and our work smooth and effective. (purpose)l为了使我们在这里逗留期间感到舒适愉快，使我们的工作进展顺利又成效，贵国人民似乎是不

11、惜一切的。10.3 Splitting of Complex SentenceslQuestions:l1. What is a complex sentence?l2. How do English adjective clauses differ from Chinese attributes syntactically and semantically?l l10.3.1 Separate the Adjective Clause from the Main ClauselEnglish adjective clauses may be translated into separate

12、clauses, or subordinate clauses which function as adverbials denoting reason, result, purpose, condition, concession, etc. l(1)Translate adjective clauses into separate clauses or sentences.l1. Most of the time was given to intra-squad games in which the Chinese table tennis players demonstrated the

13、ir dazzling techniques and skills to a highly appreciative audience.l期间大部分时间，都是中国选手之间进行的比赛。中国兵乓球运动员表演了令人眼花缭乱的兵乓球技艺，观众看了都赞赏不已。2. The first thing they heard in this world when the lid was taken off the box in which they lay were the words, “Tin Soldiers!” (Anderson: The Steadfast Tin Soldier)他们都躺在一个匣子

14、里。当匣子的盖揭开的时候，他们在这世界上听到的第一句话便是：“锡兵！”3. He failed somehow, in spite of a mediocrity which ought to have insured any man to success.按理说，他这样的庸才，正该发迹，可是不知怎么的，他并不得意。l4. If the man who was seen to take an umbrella from the City Church last Sunday evening does not wish to get into trouble, he will return th

15、e umbrella to No. 10 Broad Street. He is well known.l上星期日傍晚，有人曾见某君在市教堂取走雨伞一把。取伞者如不愿卷入纠纷，还是将伞送至布劳德街十号为妙。此君为谁，尽人皆知。l(2) Translate adjective clauses into Chinese subordinate (adverbial) clauses.l1. Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may result in serious disease if cer

16、tain important elements are missing. (concession)l如今人们知道，如果食物中缺少了某些重要成分，即使其中不含任何有害的物质，也会引起严重的疾病。l2. On earth, where fog or rain would interfere with transmission, lasers would have to be beamed through evacuated pipelines to prevent power loss. (cause)l地球上的雾或雨会干扰激光的传播，因此，为了防止功率损失，激光必须在真空管道中射出。l3. So

17、me nuclear reactors are used to produce the heat that runs machines for ships and for electric power plants. (purpose)l有些核反应堆用来产生热量，以驱动船舶上和发电厂内的机器。l4. As the temperature rises, there is an increasing expansion in the gas which eventually breaks the bottle. (result)l随着温度的上升，气体就不断膨胀，最终就把瓶子胀破。l(3) Tran

18、slate adjective clauses into Chinese word-groups.l1. The sun, which had hidden all day, now came out in all its splendor.l那太阳，整天躲在云层里，现在又露面了。它光辉灿烂，光芒四射。l2. The emphasis was helped by the speakers mouth, which was wide, thin and hard set.l说话人的嘴，又阔又薄，绷得紧紧的，更加强了他的语气。10.3.2 Separate Other Clauses from t

19、he Main ClauselInversion often requires division. We may separate other clauses from the main clause and rearrange the word order, rendering the main clause or the subordinate clause into Chinese independent element (独立成分) or extra-position element (外位成分).l1. It has not been tried whether the alumin

20、um parts can be replaced by other metal parts.l铝部件可否用其他金属部件来代替，尚未试验过。l2. It is easy to see what weight can be overcome and what thrust is necessary to maintain flight.l要知道应该抵消多大重力并需要多大推力才能保持飞行，这很容易。l3. Earlier the idea was proposed that a single element consists of a collection of atoms identical in

21、 every way.l早些时候，人们提出这样的看法：一种元素是由各方面完全相同的原子聚集而成的。l4. It may be that this is the secret of Chinas constantly increasing rate of advance towards justice, well-being and equality for all its people.l中国在实现各族人民享有正义、幸福和平等方面，进展越来越快，其秘密也许就在于此。10.4 Splitting of the Whole SentencelDivision is often needed to

22、translate colloquial expressions, complex and long sentences. It should be noted that shorter expressions or sentences are generally preferred in Chinese.lExamples:l1. When I try to understand what it is that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that the

23、re are two causes, of which one goes much deeper than the other.l为什么有如此之多的美国人不能如想象中那样幸福呢？我认为原因有二，而两者之间又有深浅之分。l2. Could any spectacle, for instance, be more grimly whimsical than that of gunners using science to shatter mens bodies while, close at hand, surgeons use it to restore them?l例如，炮手用科学毁坏人体，而就在附近，外科医生则用科学使其恢复健康，还有什么比这种情况更加严酷得离奇古怪？l3. He