商业秘密保护策略

1、Effective Strategies for Protecting & Enforcing Trade Secrets in China企业商业秘密保护的策略与实施Helen Cheng/程芳Partner/合伙人律师Zhong Lun Law Firm, Shanghai Office中伦律师事务所上海办公室Outline 目录What is a trade secret? 什么是商业秘密?What is misappropriation of trade secrets? 什么是侵犯商业秘密?How to secure trade secrets? 如何保护商业秘密? Trade se

2、cret and Patent 商业秘密和专利How to enforce trade secrets? 如何进行商业秘密维权?Practical tips for securing trade secret 商业秘密保护实用小提示2Definition of Trade Secret 商业秘密的定义 Technical or business information 技术或商业信息 Unknown to the public 不为公众所知 Not available from public source Having economic value and practical utility

3、具有经济价值和实用性 Potential or realistic Owner has taken measures to maintain its confidentiality 拥有者采取了保密措施 reasonable3Scope of Trade Secret 商业秘密的范围Technical Information 技术信息 Methods 方法 Processes工艺 Formulations 制剂 Devices 装置 Others 其他Business Information 商业信息 Cost & pricing information 成本和价格信息 Promotional

4、 discounts 促销信息 Customer lists 客户名单 Marketing strategies 市场策略 Others 其他4Characteristics of Trade Secret 商业秘密的特点No registration 不需要注册Secrecy protected by owner itself 秘密性由商业秘密所有人负责维护Have immediate effect 立即生效No limitation of duration 没有时间限制Confidential information and trade secrets 保密信息与商业秘密Trade Sec

5、ret vs. Patent商业秘密和专利Published是否公开是否公开Cost 成本成本Time 期限期限Exclusive Right排他权排他权Enforcement维权维权PatentsYesHigh10-20 YearsYesEasyTrade SecretsNoLowNo limitationNoDifficultBusiness information: not patentable商业信息：无法获得专利保护Technical information: Patents or Trade Secrets?技术信息：通过何种方式进行保护？专利或技术秘密？Should be ass

6、essed on a case-by-case basis采取何种保护方式，需个案决定6Misappropriation of Trade Secret侵犯商业秘密的行为Perpetrators misappropriation 当事人的侵权行为 Acquiring trade secrets by theft, inducement, coercion or other illicit means; 非法获取商业秘密，包括盗窃、利诱胁迫或其他方式 Disclosing, using, or allowing others to use trade secrets acquired by th

7、e above means; 披露、使用或允许他人使用非法获取的商业秘密 Disclosing, using, or allowing others to use trade secrets in breach of an agreement or a confidentiality obligation imposed by a legal owner. 违反约定或保密义务而披露、使用或允许他人使用商业秘密Accomplices infringement 第三人的侵权行为- Acquiring, using or disclosing trade secret when a third pa

8、rty knows or should have known that the trade secret has been misappropriated in any of the above ways.明知或应知上述违法行为，仍获取、披露、使用或允许他人使用该商业秘密。7Liability of Misappropriation侵犯商业秘密的责任Civil liability 民事责任 lodge a lawsuit in court Injunction DamagesAdministrative Liability 行政责任 handled by Administration for

9、Industry and Commerce Issue an injunction Impose a fine ( 10,000-200,000)Criminal liability 刑事责任 Crimes of Infringement of Trade Secret (Art 219) Causing significant economic losses to trade secret owner If loss is 500,000, imprisonment of up to 3 years If loss is 2,500,000, imprisonment of 3 to 7 y

10、ears Impose a fine8How do we lose trade secrets ?我们是怎样丧失商业秘密的? No awareness 没有保护意识 Active disclosure 主动披露 Especially “uncontrolled” external communication 尤其是不受控制的外部交流 No reasonable security measure 没有采取合理的保密措施 Industrial espionage 产品展览会9How to Secure Trade Secrets如何保护商业秘密 Determine trade secrets 列出

11、我们的商业秘密- Identify trade secrets 鉴别出商业秘密- Classify identified trade secrets 对商业秘密进行分类- Update list on a regular basis 定期更新商业秘密列表 Develop and enforce protection programs 制定并实施保护计划- Determine appropriate level of security 确定适度的安全级别- Implement security measures 制定相应的保密措施- Perform a risk assessment进行风险评估

12、 Provide training to employees 对员工进行培训10How to Secure Trade Secrets如何保护商业秘密 Security measures 保密措施 For carriers 对于商业秘密的载体 Label documents as confidential 对文件作保密标志 Set passwords and codes 设置密码 Install physical and electronic locks 安装物理和电子锁 Approval for access 许可进入 For employees 对于雇员 Make employees aw

13、are 进行培训以提高雇员保密意识 Enter confidentiality agreement/non-compete agreement 签订保密协议/竞业禁止协议 Screen and clear all external communication 监控和清理所有对外交流 For contractors, suppliers & visitors 对于承包商、供应商和访客 Enter confidentiality agreement/NDA 签订保密协议 Prohibiting access 限制接触11Examples for Trade Secret Protection商业秘

14、密保护实例 Access control system 门禁系统 Visitor policies 访客政策 Labor Contract with employees 与雇员签订保密协议，竞业禁止协议 Non-compete Agreement 与雇员签订竞业禁止协议 Non-Disclosure Agreement/confidentiality agreement with contractors 与承包商签订保密协议 Publication approval procedures 公开批准程序12How to Enforce Trade Secrets如何进行商业秘密维权？SPCs j

15、udicial interpretation on certain issues concerning application of law in the trials of civil cases involving unfair competition 最高人民法院关于审理不正当竞争民事案件应用法律若干问题的解释Beijing Yidege Co. etc vs. Gao Xinmao北京一得阁墨业有限责任公司与北京传人文化艺术有限公司、高辛茂侵犯商业秘密纠纷案Proving “Access” + “Substantial Identical”is Key 证明“接触+实质相同”是关键13

16、Practical Tips一些实用的提示1. Mark “confidential” on emails and documents containing confidential information 在含有保密信息的邮件和文件上标记保密标记2. Encrypt confidential documents 对保密文件进行加密3. Lock computers when leaving desks 在离开座位前对电脑加锁4. Clean desks, and lock cabinets and drawers after working hours 在下班前清理办公桌并将保密文件锁入文件

17、柜和抽屉5. Shred papers containing confidential information 粉碎含有保密信息的纸张6. Clean/erase white boards in conference rooms after meetings 会议后擦除黑板上的信息7. Verify identities of callers 确认来电人的身份8. Escort visitors 陪同来访者14Practical tips一些实用的提示9. Check information to be disclosed before attending a seminar or trade

18、 show 在参加研讨会或商业展会之前检查需要公开的信息是否含有保密信息10.Sign a confidentiality agreement before delivery a sample 递送样品前签订保密协议11.Do not discuss sensitive information with co-workers outside of company localities 不要在公司外场合，如班车上讨论敏感信息12. Do not discuss work-related sensitive information with friends and acquaintances 不要与公司外的朋友