大学英语精读二U4TheProfessorandtheYo-Yo

1、Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingWarm-up Questions1. Was Einstein bright in his early childhood? Give examples.2. What is his greatest contribution to the mankind?3. What do you know about the life of Einstein?4. Do you think Einstein was responsible for the search work on th

2、e atomic bomb? Why?5. Describe the appearance of Einstein. A Brief Introduction to Albert Einstein Einsteins Chronology Theory of Relativity Atomic Bomb Fame and Social ActivitiesBefore ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingAlbert EinsteinGerman-born American Physicist and Nobel Laureate

3、(获得者获得者 )18791955“Imagination is more important than knowledge. ” Albert EinsteinBefore ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingAlbert Einstein, whose Special Theory of Relativity(狭义相对论狭义相对论 ) and General Theory of Relativity(广义相对论广义相对论 ) revolutionized scientific perceptions of the univer

4、se, is acknowledged, along with Newton(牛顿牛顿 ), as one of historys greatest physicists.Einstein was unable to speak until he was three and displayed no special promise. Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingDate EventMarch 14, 1879 1903 1905 Born in Ulm(乌尔姆乌尔姆 ), Germany, the elder

5、 child of a businessman and a musical mother. Married Mileva Maric, his classmate at the polytechnic(工艺学校工艺学校). They had two sons but eventually divorced. Published three ground-breaking papers(论文论文) on the motion of particles(粒子粒子 ), the nature of light, and the relationship between energy and iner

6、tia(惯性惯性 ). Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading1914-19331916 1921 1930 Published his “Autobiographical Notes(自传体笔记自传体笔记 ).”Published his General Theory of Relativity.Director of Kaiser Wilhelm Physical Institute(威廉皇帝物威廉皇帝物理研究所理研究所 ) in Berlin.Awarded the Nobel Prize for physics

7、. Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingOctober 1939November 18,1952April 18, 1955Declined an offer to become head of state of Israel. Died in hospital in Princeton(普林斯顿普林斯顿 )W r o t e t o F r a n k l i n Roosevelt(罗斯福罗斯福 ), President of the United States, on the possibility of ma

8、nufacturing a nuclear bomb(核弹核弹 ) Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading The Yo-Yo is a simple toy consisting of a grooved double disk with a string about the center. The player holds the end of the string which unwinds itself as the disk is dropped. Then by a slight jerk on the s

9、tring, the player causes it to rewind itself, and to reel up back to the hand. The toy is said to have originated in the Philippines(菲律宾菲律宾 ). Since 1930 it has become a popular toy and even today children in different countries play the Yo-Yo and compete in various contests.The Yo-YoBefore ReadingG

10、lobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingSeen through the eyes of a young friend Einstein was a simple, modest and ordinary man. My father was a close friend of Albert Einstein. As a shy young visitor to Einsteins home, I was made to feel at ease when Einstein said, “I have something to show you.”

11、He went to his desk and returned with a Yo-Yo. He tried to show me how it worked but he couldnt make it roll back up the string. When my turn came, I displayed my few tricks and pointed out to him that the incorrectly looped string had thrown the toy off balance. Einstein nodded, properly impressed

12、by my skill and knowledge. Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingThe Professor and the Yo-Yo Thomas Lee Bucky with Joseph P.BlankLater, I bought a new Yo-Yo and mailed it to the Professor as a Christmas present, and received a poem of thanks.Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed Re

13、adingAfter ReadingTo do his work he needed only a pencil and a pad of paper. Material things meant nothing to him. I never knew him to carry money because he never had any use for it. He believed in simplicity, so much so that he used only a safety razor and water to shave. When I suggested that he

14、try shaving cream, he said, “The razor and water do the job.”“But Professor, why dont you try the cream just once?” I argued. “It makes shaving smoother and less painful.”He shrugged. Finally, I presented him with a tube of shaving cream. The next morning when he came down to breakfast, he was beami

15、ng with the pleasure of a new, great discovery. “You know, that cream really works,” he announced. “It doesnt pull the beard. It feels wonderful.” Thereafter, he used the shaving cream every morning until the tube was empty. Then he reverted to using plain water. As a boy and then as an adult, I nev

16、er lost my wonder at the personality that was Einstein. He was the only person I knew who had come to terms with himself and the world around him. He knew what he wanted and he wanted only this: to understand within his limits as a human being the nature of the universe and the logic and simplicity

17、in its functioning. He knew there were answers beyond his intellectual reach. But this did not frustrate him. He was content to go as far as he could.Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingIn the 23 years of our friendship, I never saw him show jealousy, vanity, bitterness, anger,

18、resentment, or personal ambition. He seemed immune to these emotions. He was beyond any pretension. Although he corresponded with many of the worlds most important people, his stationery carried only a watermark W for Woolworths. Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingEinstein was

19、purely and exclusively a theorist. He didnt have the slightest interest in the practical application of his ideas and theories. His E=mc2 is probably the most famous equation in history yet Einstein wouldnt walk down the street to see a reactor create atomic energy. He won the Nobel Prize for his Ph

20、otoelectric Theory, a series of equations that he considered relatively minor in importance, but he didnt have any curiosity in observing how his theory made TV possible.My brother once gave the Professor a toy, a bird that balanced on the edge of a bowl of water and repeatedly dunked its head in th

21、e water. Einstein watched it in delight, trying to deduce the operating principle. But he couldnt. The next morning he announced, “I had thought about that bird for a long time before I went to bed and it must work this way .” He began a long explanation. Then he stopped, realizing a flaw in his rea

22、soning. “No, I guess thats not it,” he said. He pursued various theories for several days until I suggested we take the toy apart to see how it did work. His quick expression of disapproval told me he did not agree with this practical approach. He never did work out the solution. Before ReadingGloba

23、l ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingBefore ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingAnother puzzle that Einstein could never understand was his own fame. He had developed theories that were profound and capable of exciting relatively few scientists. Yet his name was a household word acros

24、s the civilized world. “Ive had good ideas, and so have other men,” he once said. “But its been my good fortune that my ideas have been accepted.” He was bewildered by his fame: people wanted to meet him; strangers stared at him on the street; scientists, statesmen, students, and housewives wrote hi

25、m letters. He never could understand why he received this attention, why he was singled out as something special. 1. close friend 密友 2. 主动： What the professor said made me feel at ease. make sb do sb be made to do 同样用法的词还有：see, hear 等 They saw his father return after dark.His father was seen to retu

26、rn after dark. 我父亲是阿尔伯特我父亲是阿尔伯特爱因斯坦的密友。爱因斯坦的密友。小时候有一次我去爱因斯坦家拜访时小时候有一次我去爱因斯坦家拜访时很腼腆，当他说，很腼腆，当他说，“我有样东西拿给我有样东西拿给你看，你看，”时我便感到无拘无束了。时我便感到无拘无束了。 他试图做给我看这种玩具怎么个玩法，但他没法使它顺着线再转上去。 roll:滚动 The car began to roll down the hill. 他试图做给我看这种玩具怎么个玩法，他试图做给我看这种玩具怎么个玩法，但他没法使它但他没法使它顺着线顺着线再再转转上去。上去。 My father was a clos

27、e friend of Albert Einstein. As a shy young visitor to Einsteins home, I was made to feel at ease when Einstein said, “I have something to show you.” He went to his desk and returned with a Yo-Yo. He tried to show me how it worked but he couldnt make it roll back up the string. When my turn came, I

28、displayed my few tricks and pointed out to him that the incorrectly looped string had thrown the toy off balance. Einstein nodded, properly impressed by my skill and knowledge. The Professor and the Yo-Yo Thomas Lee Bucky with Joseph P.BlankLater, I bought a new Yo-Yo and mailed it to the Professor

29、as a Christmas present, and received a poem of thanks.Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading1. trick: 技巧；诀窍技巧；诀窍2. Translate the sentence into Chinese.轮到我时，我露了几手并向他指轮到我时，我露了几手并向他指出，出，绕错的线圈绕错的线圈使玩具失去了平使玩具失去了平衡。衡。爱因斯坦点点头，我的技爱因斯坦点点头，我的技能和知识给他留下了颇深能和知识给他留下了颇深的印象。的印象。 作为一个孩子，以后又作作为一个孩子

30、，以后又作为一个成人，我一直对爱为一个成人，我一直对爱因斯坦的个性惊叹不已因斯坦的个性惊叹不已。 他是我所认识的人中唯一能他是我所认识的人中唯一能跟自己及周围世界达成妥协跟自己及周围世界达成妥协的人。他知道自己想要什么，的人。他知道自己想要什么，而他想要的只是：在他而他想要的只是：在他作为作为一个人一个人的的能力范围之内能力范围之内理解理解宇宙的性质以及宇宙的性质以及宇宙运行宇宙运行的的逻辑和单纯。逻辑和单纯。 他知道有许多问题的答案他知道有许多问题的答案超超出了他的智力范围出了他的智力范围。但这并。但这并不使他感到灰心丧气。取得不使他感到灰心丧气。取得最大的成功他就心满意足了。最大的成功他就

31、心满意足了。As a boy and then as an adult, I never lost my wonder at the personality that was Einstein. He was the only person I knew who had come to terms with himself and the world around him. He knew what he wanted and he wanted only this: to understand within his limits as a human being the nature of

32、the universe and the logic and simplicity in its functioning. He knew there were answers beyond his intellectual reach. But this did not frustrate him. He was content to go as far as he could.In the 23 years of our friendship, I never saw him show jealousy, vanity, bitterness, anger, resentment, or

33、personal ambition. He seemed immune to these emotions. He was beyond any pretension. Although he corresponded with many of the worlds most important people, his stationery carried only a watermark W for Woolworths. Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingWhat can we infer from the s

34、entences?Einstein seemed unaffected by these feelings. He was completely sincere and honest without the slightest intention to show off（炫耀）（炫耀）.我从未见他表现出妒忌、虚荣、痛苦、愤怒、怨恨我从未见他表现出妒忌、虚荣、痛苦、愤怒、怨恨或个人野心。他好像对这些感情具有免疫能力似的。或个人野心。他好像对这些感情具有免疫能力似的。他毫无矫饰之心，虚荣之意。他毫无矫饰之心，虚荣之意。 他信奉简朴，甚至于只用一他信奉简朴，甚至于只用一把安全剃刀和清水刮胡子。把安全

35、剃刀和清水刮胡子。当我建议他用一下刮胡膏时，当我建议他用一下刮胡膏时，他说：他说：“剃刀和水就够了。剃刀和水就够了。” When I suggested that he try shaving cream. suggest that.(should) +v原形原形类似用法的词还有：类似用法的词还有： advise, suggest, demand,request,insist,等。等。 当他下楼来用早餐时，他因为有了一当他下楼来用早餐时，他因为有了一大新发现而高兴得满脸含笑。大新发现而高兴得满脸含笑。 “你知道，那种刮胡膏还真有效，你知道，那种刮胡膏还真有效，”他说。他说。“它不扯胡子，感觉好

36、极了。它不扯胡子，感觉好极了。” 打那以后，他每天早晨都用那管刮胡膏，打那以后，他每天早晨都用那管刮胡膏，直到那一管用完为止。然后他又回复到只直到那一管用完为止。然后他又回复到只用清水刮胡子了。用清水刮胡子了。 爱因斯坦完完全全是个理论家。他对自己爱因斯坦完完全全是个理论家。他对自己的思想和理论的实际应用丝毫不感兴趣。的思想和理论的实际应用丝毫不感兴趣。 他提出的他提出的E=mc2E=mc2也许是有史以来最也许是有史以来最著名的公式著名的公式然而爱因斯坦却然而爱因斯坦却不不愿费举足之劳愿费举足之劳去看反应堆产生原子去看反应堆产生原子能。能。 他因其光电理论他因其光电理论他认为这是比他认为这是比

37、较次要的一系列公式较次要的一系列公式而获得诺而获得诺贝尔奖金，但对于观察他的理论怎贝尔奖金，但对于观察他的理论怎样使得电视得以产生却没有一点好样使得电视得以产生却没有一点好奇心。奇心。我兄弟曾送给教授一个玩具，那是我兄弟曾送给教授一个玩具，那是一只立在盛水的碗边保持平衡并反一只立在盛水的碗边保持平衡并反复把头浸入水中的鸟。爱因斯坦高复把头浸入水中的鸟。爱因斯坦高兴地注视着它，试图推断出它的兴地注视着它，试图推断出它的运运动原理动原理，但他没能推断出。，但他没能推断出。他他迅速显出的不赞成的表情迅速显出的不赞成的表情告诉我，告诉我，他并不同意这种他并不同意这种切实可行的做法切实可行的做法。他一直

38、没有研究出这个答案。他一直没有研究出这个答案。爱因斯坦一直没能理解的另一个谜爱因斯坦一直没能理解的另一个谜是他自己的名望。他提出的理论都是他自己的名望。他提出的理论都是些非常深奥、只能使极少数的科是些非常深奥、只能使极少数的科学家感兴趣。学家感兴趣。 然而他的名字在整个然而他的名字在整个文明世界文明世界却却家家喻户晓喻户晓 。只是由于我运气好，我的思想才被只是由于我运气好，我的思想才被人接受了人接受了. . 他的名望使他感到迷惑不解：人们都他的名望使他感到迷惑不解：人们都想见他；陌生人在街上盯着他看；科想见他；陌生人在街上盯着他看；科学家、政治家、学生和家庭主妇都给学家、政治家、学生和家庭主妇

39、都给他写信。他一直不能理解，为什么他他写信。他一直不能理解，为什么他会受到这种注意，为什么单单把他挑会受到这种注意，为什么单单把他挑出来当作特殊人物对待。出来当作特殊人物对待。1. 密友密友2. 感到无拘无束感到无拘无束3. 指出指出 4. 使玩具失去平衡使玩具失去平衡 5. 一首表示感谢的诗一首表示感谢的诗 6. 在某人的能力范围内在某人的能力范围内 7. 超出力所能及的范围超出力所能及的范围8. 对对心满意足心满意足a close friendfeel at easepoint outthrow the toy off balancea poem of thankswithin ones

40、limitsbeyond ones intellectual limitsbe content toUseful Expressions Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading9. 对对具有免疫力具有免疫力10. 与与通信往来通信往来 11. 一本拍纸簿一本拍纸簿 12. 对某人来说毫无意义对某人来说毫无意义 13. 信奉简朴信奉简朴 14. 回复到回复到 15. 实际应用实际应用16. 相对（来说）次要相对（来说）次要be immune tocorrespond witha pad of papermean noth

41、ing to someonebelieve in simplicityrevert topractical applicationrelatively minor in importanceBefore ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading17. 推断其运作原理推断其运作原理18. 推理中的一个漏洞推理中的一个漏洞 19. 不赞成的表情不赞成的表情 20. 研究出解决方法研究出解决方法21. 一个家喻户晓的名字一个家喻户晓的名字 22. 对对迷惑不解迷惑不解23. 受到关注受到关注24. 挑选出挑选出deduce the oper

42、ating principlea flaw in ones reasoningan expression of disapprovalwork out an solutiona household namebe bewildered byreceive attentionsingle out Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingProverbs and Quotations1. Humility is the beginning of wisdom.智慧源于谦逊。智慧源于谦逊。2. Experience is the

43、 mother of wisdom.智慧来自经验。智慧来自经验。3. Modesty is not only an ornament, but also a guard to virtue. 谦逊不仅可增添光彩也可以维护美德。谦逊不仅可增添光彩也可以维护美德。Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading4. The more a man knows, the more he is inclined to be modest. 大智若愚。大智若愚。5. Human pride is human weakness. 人之骄乃人之

44、短。人之骄乃人之短。6. Plain living and high thinking. William Wordsworth, British poet生活要朴素，情操要高尚。生活要朴素，情操要高尚。 英国诗人英国诗人 威廉威廉华兹华斯华兹华斯7. Wherever true valor is found, true modesty will there abound. William Gilbert, British dramatist and poet真正的勇敢，都包含谦虚。真正的勇敢，都包含谦虚。 英国剧作家、诗人英国剧作家、诗人 威廉威廉吉尔伯特吉尔伯特Before ReadingG

45、lobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading8. Envy is a most terrible thing, and would spoil anybodys nature. Oscar Wilde, British Dramatist嫉妒是很可怕的东西，它会毁坏人的天性。嫉妒是很可怕的东西，它会毁坏人的天性。 英国戏剧家英国戏剧家 奥斯卡奥斯卡王尔德王尔德 Part Division of the TextBefore ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingMain IdeasLinesParts 11 32233 53354 62Einstein was a plain and simple man in his daily life.Though he was world famous, Einstein remained purely and exclusively a theorist.Einstein never understood his fame.1. He was