心理语言学--语言处理模式

1、L/O/G/OCentral Issues in Language Processing 印睿印睿 HBUT Serial and parallel processing Top-down and bottom-up processes Automatic and controlled processesModularity4123ContentsMemory*Sensory memory*Working memory (7(72)2)*Long-term memoryInformation-processing systemInformation-processing systemEpiso

2、dic memory Semantic memoryCognitive psychology Two research paradigms Serial Search ModelsParallel Access ModelsConnectionism *PDPLanguage-processing systemDefinition A group of processes takes place one at a time.Two or more of the processes take place simultaneously. necessitySerial processingPara

3、llel processingSerial processingSerial processing Man without woman is nothing.1. Man (without woman) is nothing.2. (Man without) woman is nothing. Garden path sentences (one meaning at a time)Parallel ProcessingText in hereText in heremeritParallel Distributed ProcessingLanguage-processing systemDe

4、finition Information at the higher levels may influenceprocessing at the lower levels.All of the lower levels of processing operate without influence from the higher levels.necessityTop-down processing Bottom-up processingTop-Down Processes. 1. It was found that the *eel was on the shoe. 2. It was f

5、ound that the *eel was on the orange. 3. It was found that the *eel was on the table. heel peel meal context-relatedBottom-Up processesphonologicalphonological level level200520072008 lexical lexical level level syntacticsyntactic level leveldiscoursediscourse level level Direct perception processes

6、The Cohort ModeldrivedrinkdrivedrinkdivedatedunkdrivedrinkdivedatedunkduckdeclinedeedThe first stage The second stageThe third stage交股模型示意图交股模型示意图drink dCentral issues in language processing Automatic and controlled processes Tasks that draw substantially from limited pool of resources are called co

7、ntrolled tasks, and the processes involved in these tasks are refered to as controlled processes. Tasks that do not require substantial resources are called automatic tasks, processes that do not require extensive capacity are refered to as automatic processes. One language-processing task is automa

8、tic, at least for adults, is recognizing common words.ModularityTwo meanings: It pertains to the degree of independence of the language-processing system from the general cognitive system. (speech perception) Linguistic subsystems such as semantic and syntax, operate independently rather than interactively.Congnitive systemInformationprocessingLanguageprocessingFacialprocessingNonverbalcommunicationTheory of mindDistinct modulesSummary We have a number of ways of processing linguistic information. Language processing is determined not just