必修二unit3语法被动语态公开课

1、u现在完成时现在完成时(present perfect tense) 的被动语态：的被动语态： S +have /has +been + done (过去分词过去分词)1 Over time I have been changed quite a lot .2 First as a PC and then as a laptop I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s.3 I never forget anything I have been told !4 Since the 1970s many new applicati

2、ons have been found for me.5 I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones6 I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the MOon and Mars.Discovering useful structures from the passage on p18:u现在完成时的被动语态：现在完成时的被动语态：the present perfect passive voiceS + have/has been

3、+done(过去分词过去分词)现在完成时现在完成时的的被动被动语态语态表达以下两个表达以下两个概念：概念：1. 说话时说话时已经完成已经完成的动作或出现的结果。的动作或出现的结果。2. 主语是行为动作的是行为动作的承受者承受者，在使用现在完成时的被动语态时要注意以下两点：在使用现在完成时的被动语态时要注意以下两点：1.过去分词前有两个助动词过去分词前有两个助动词 have / has 和和 been。2. 必须必须表示被动表示被动。I have been told about it many timesThe bridge has just been built1.现在完成时被动语态肯定句现在

4、完成时被动语态肯定句句型：句型： 主语主语+ have / has been +过去分词过去分词 Her motorbike has been stolen. 2.现在完成时被动语态否定句现在完成时被动语态否定句句型：句型：主语主语+ have/has +not+ been+过去分词过去分词 The task has not been finished yet. Many skilled workers have not been trained in the company.The present perfect passive voice(肯定句、否肯定句、否定句定句: 3.现在完成时被动

5、语态现在完成时被动语态一般疑问句一般疑问句句型：句型： Have/Has +主语主语 + been+ 过去分词过去分词 .?Has a new computer been bought ? Have they been sent abroad to study English?4.现在完成时被动现在完成时被动 语态语态特殊疑问句特殊疑问句句型：句型：疑问词疑问词+ have /has + 主语主语+ been+过去分词过去分词 .?Where has the car been repaired?Who have been helped by the new computer? How many

6、 buildings have been built in this school? The present perfect passive voice(疑问句）疑问句）: Exercise 1: Change the sentences into the present perfect passive voice动作的执行者动作的承受者谓语动词by workersChange the sentences into the present perfect passive voice2 My friend has bought a new personal computer. A new per

7、sonal computer has been bought by my friends 3 The shop has repaired my computer very quickly. My computer has been repaired by the shop very quickly .Change the sentences into the present perfect passive voiceThe buildings, destroy, earthquake The buildings have been destroyed in the earthquake; Ex

8、ercise 2: Making up sentences using present perfect passive voice:machinereplacecomputer1The machine has been replaced by the computer .Making up sentences using present perfect passive voice:new bridge, build , in our city 2 A new bridge has been built in our city many trees , plant,along the road3

9、 Many trees have been planted along the road4 My computer, just attack, an unknown virus.5 the problem, not ,solve, we, yet6 the computers, give away , to, a local school, the companyMy computer has just been attacked by an unknown virus.The problem has not been solved by us yet.The computers have b

10、een given away to a local school by the company7 A kind of intelligent robot, develop, the scientistsA kind of intelligent robot has been developed by the scientistsMake up the sentences using the present perfect passive voice.主动主动语态语态谓语结构谓语结构被动语态被动语态谓语结构谓语结构一般现在时一般现在时 do / does一般过去时一般过去时 did现在进行时现在

11、进行时am/is/are doing过去进行时过去进行时was/were doing一般将来时一般将来时 will do过去将来时过去将来时would do现在完成时现在完成时has/have done过去完成时过去完成时had doneam/is/are donewas/were doneam/is/are being donewas/were being donewill be donewould be donehas/have been donehad been done否定：在助动词后加否定：在助动词后加not/never The structure of the passive vo

12、ice. 1.The horizon of life is broadened chiefly by the enlargement of the heart.2.They were given a warm send-off.3.Their wedding will be held in the church.4.Im afraid I am being followed. 5.All the tickets had been sold out when they arrived. 6.This watch can be repaired in two days.（一般现在时）（一般现在时）

13、（一般过去时）（一般过去时）(现在进行时现在进行时)(过去完成时过去完成时)（一般将来时）（一般将来时）情态动词情态动词1.Bruce writes a letter every week. A letter is written by Bruce every week. 2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning. 3. He has written two novels so far. Two novels have been written

14、by him so far. 4. They will plant ten trees tomorrow. Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow. 5. Lucy is writing a letter now. A letter is being written by Lucy now. 6. You must lock the door when you leave. the door must be locked when you leave 1.The bridge ( build) last year. 2.The Olympic Ga

15、mes (hold) every four years.3.The problem (discuss) at the meeting now. 4.His new book (publish) next month. 5.In the last few decades, many parks _ (design) to provide entertainment. 6. The machine (repair) at this time yesterday. 7. She said the report (type) by Li Mei for two weeks. 8. Miss Li sa

16、id the book (give) to the students the next morning. was built are held is being discussed will be published have been designed last year every four yearsnow next monthIn the last few decadeswas being repairedat this time yesterdayhad been typedsaidfor two weekswould be givensaidthe next morning哪些动词

17、更常用于被动语态 I wrote this passage. This passage was written by me. The news excited us. We were excited at the news. The driver hurt himself in the accident. The driver was hurt in the accident.1.及物动词（及物动词（vt）2.一些表示情绪，情感的词一些表示情绪，情感的词3.表示受伤的词：表示受伤的词：injure,wound类似：类似：amaze, interest, satisfy,shock,surpri

18、se, amuse,annoy,please,embarras,encourage,tire,bore,puzzle哪些动词更常用于被动语态 The director based his film on a true story. His film is based on a true story Tall trees line the road. The road is lined with tall trees. He covered the table with a cloth. The table was covered with a cloth.哪句更自然？哪句更自然？be fill

19、ed with， be determined to, be dressed in, be devoted to, be buried in be separated frombe crowded with be decorated with 把你捧在手心。把你捧在手心。hold 把爱带回家。把爱带回家。Should bring 把你的心，我的心穿一穿。把你的心，我的心穿一穿。string 把它交到警察叔叔手里边。把它交到警察叔叔手里边。give.to 把一个人的温柔转移到另一个胸膛。把一个人的温柔转移到另一个胸膛。 affenction 让我用心把你留下来。让我用心把你留下来。ask sb t

20、o stay 如果大海能够换回曾经的爱。如果大海能够换回曾经的爱。redeem 就这样被你征服。就这样被你征服。conquer 也学会把伞丢到一边。也学会把伞丢到一边。throw 小兔子乖乖，把门开开。小兔子乖乖，把门开开。good-behaved1.带情态动词的被动结构。带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：其形式为：情态动词情态动词be过去分词过去分词。 Finally, children should _(send) to somewhere where life is hard if possible.(执信中学执信中学) be sentYoung trees must _ (water)

21、often. Your mistakes should _ (correct) right now. The door may be locked inside. Your homework can be handed in tomorrow be wateredbe corrected (1)My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. I was given a present on my birthday. A present was given to me yesterday. (2) My mother made me a new skirt.

22、 A new skirt was made for me.2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动另一个不动.He gave me a book.A book was given to me by him. He showed me a ticket.A ticket was shown to me by him. My father bought me a new bike. A new bike was bought for me by my father. 什么时候用什么时候用to,什么时

23、候用什么时候用for 呢？呢？give, show, lend, sell, tell, pass, bring, take, teach, offer, pay, promise sth to sbbuy, cook, make, find, keep, order, choose, paint sth for sb 3. 感官动词感官动词或使役动词使用省略或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，的动词不定式，主动语态中不带主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。 例：例：make somebody do somethingsomebody+ be +ma

24、de to do something see somebody do somethingsomebody +be +seen to do somethingA girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. The boss made the little boy do heavy work.The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. 手机让它休息一夜手机让它休息一夜. (1).我

25、妹妹由奶奶照顾。我妹妹由奶奶照顾。My sister will _by Grandma.(2).病人正在做手术病人正在做手术 The patient_.be taken care ofis being operated on4. 短语动词要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看短语动词要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类动词有：这类动词有： laugh at, operate on, listen to, look after, think of, talk abouthand in, catch sight of, make

26、 use of, pay attention to, set fire to, take care of等。等。We cant laugh at him. He cant be laughed at by us. He listens to the radio every day. The radio is listened to by him every day. The nurse is taking care of the sick man. The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse. 1.不及物动词没有被动语态，如：不及物动词没有

27、被动语态，如：rise, 特别要注意表示发生的动词特别要注意表示发生的动词happen, take place, break out, come about, occur (1)When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun_ already _ ( rise) .2.China has taken place great changes .Great changes have been taken place in ChinahasrisenFFGreat changes have taken place in China,(3)The bui

28、lding _(look)very beautiful.(4)Her voice _ (sound) quite sweet and we were deeply attracted.lookssounded2.五大感官系动词五大感官系动词(feel，look, seem, taste, sound, smell)没有被动语态，主动表示被动。没有被动语态，主动表示被动。(5)The cloth_ (wash) easily.(6)The new product _(sell) well（7）The pen _(write) smoothly.washessells一些动词表示性质的如：一些动词

29、表示性质的如：sell， wash, write, last, cook 一般用作不及物动词其后通常加一般用作不及物动词其后通常加副词副词well, badly, easily, smoothly主动表示被动。主动表示被动。writes这布很好洗。这布很好洗。这新产品很畅销。这新产品很畅销。这支笔写字很流畅。这支笔写字很流畅。(8)The book is well worth _(read). (9) The problem is not worth_ (discuss).readingdiscussing3. Sth be worth +doing(10)The flowers need /

30、 want _(wash).这个问题需要注意。这个问题需要注意。(11)The problem required_.washing paying attention to want, deserve, need, require, stand +doing, 相当于相当于to be done.被动语态表示主动的固定搭配。 be seated 坐着坐着 be pleased 高兴高兴 be graduated 毕业于毕业于 be occupied in 忙碌于忙碌于 get married.结婚结婚 It must be pointed out that必须指出必须指出. It is gener

31、ally considered that It must be admitted that.必须承认必须承认.1.不及物动词没有被动语态，如：不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, take place, break out, belong to, consist of等。等。 2.感官系动词感官系动词(feel，look, seem, taste, sound, smell)用主动形式表示被动意义，用主动形式表示被动意义，3.有些动词通常是及物动词，但是当它们和有些动词通常是及物动词，但是当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连

32、用时，表示等副词连用时，表示主语内主语内在品质或性能在品质或性能，是，是不及物动词不及物动词，用，用主动表示被动主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook等。等。4.be worth后的动名词要用主动表被动后的动名词要用主动表被动5.在在need, want, require 表示表示“需要需要”的动词的动词后的后的动名词用主动形式表被动意义。动名词用主动形式表被动意义。We have an old musical instrument. It _(call) a clavichord. It

33、_(make) in Germany in1681. Our clavichord _(keep) in the living room. It _ (belong) to our family for a long time. The instrument _(buy) my grandfather many years ago. Recently it was damaged by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings _ (broke). M

34、y father _ (shock). Now we _( not allow) to touch it. It _ (repair) by a friend of my fathers now.is called was made is kept has belongedwas bought were broken was shocked are not allowed is being repaired (1)When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun_ already _ ( rise) .(2)After the fire, few

35、houses_ (remain).(3)The building _(look)very beautiful.(4)Her voice _ (sound)quite sweet and we were deeply attracted.(5)The cloth_ (wash) well.(6)The new product _(sell) well. (7)The book is well worth_(read). (8) The problem is not worth_ (discuss).(9)The flowers need / want _(wash). _(wash).这个问题需要注意。这个问题需要注意。(10)The problem (10)The problem required_. required_. paying attention towahingdiscussingreadingsellswashessoundslooksremained had risen1.不及物动词没有被动语态，如：不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, take place,