新视野大学英语(第二版)第1册Unit4_SectionB

1、ContentsReading Skills1Text B23Test YourselfN H C EReading Skills自测自测课文课文Like the other skills for your use, the skill introduced in this unit does render you better ability in reading.This practice is designed to help you get a deeper insight into the skill for this unit.N H C E自测自测课文课文随随 笔笔 Practi

2、ce N H C EReading for the Main Ideas in Paragraphs A paragraph is a group of sentences about related ideas or subjects. As you read a paragraph, you look for the key idea that each sentence presents. Adding up these key ideas, you see that each sentence helps build the main idea of the paragraph, th

3、e basic subject that all the sentences are related to. In order to understand the information you are reading, you must know what the main idea of the paragraph is. To be continued自测自测课文课文Practice N H C E随随 笔笔 Often one sentence in a paragraph tells the reader what the rest of the paragraph deals wi

4、th and, therefore, gives the main idea. This sentence may appear at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of the paragraph. To be continuedPractice 自测自测课文课文N H C E随随 笔笔 The trick is to be consistently you, at your best. The most effective people never change from one situation to another. They

5、re the same whether theyre having a conversation, addressing their garden club or being interviewed for a job. They communicate with their whole being; the tones of their voices and their gestures match their words. (Para. 7) Example 1Here are two examples from Passage A:Main Idea: ?Be consistent in

6、 whatever you do.N H C E自测自测课文课文Practice 随随 笔笔 Others will want to be with you and help you if you use your good qualities. They include: physical appearance, energy, rate of speech, pitch and tone of voice, gestures, expression through the eyes, and the ability to hold the interest of others. Other

7、s form an impression about you based on these. (Para. 4) Example 2Make a good impression on others with your good qualities. Main Idea: ?Practice N H C E自测自测课文课文随随 笔笔 The main idea of a paragraph might be stated clearly in a sentence in a paragraph. However, it is also possible for the main idea to

8、be expressed in more than one simple sentence or even to be implied or suggested. Introduction 自测自测课文课文N H C E随随 笔笔 Directions:Write down the main idea in your own words for each of the following paragraphs. Introduction N H C E自测自测课文课文随随 笔笔 1. As behavioral sciences develop, however, researchers fi

9、nd the importance of speech has been overestimated. Although speech is the most obvious form of communication, we do use other forms of which we may be only partially aware or, in some cases, completely unaware. It is possible we are unconsciously sending messages with every action, messages that ar

10、e unconsciously picked up by others and used in forming opinions. These unconscious actions and reactions to them may in part account for our “feelings” and “snap judgments”. Main Idea: Besides speech, people use other forms to communicate.Introduction N H C E自测自测课文课文随随 笔笔 2. We communicate a great

11、deal, researchers have found, with our bodiesby the way we move, sit, stand and what we do with our hands and heads. Imagine a few people sitting in a waiting room: One is tapping his fingers on his briefcase, another keeps rubbing his hands together, another is biting his fingernails, still another

12、 grabs the arms of his chair tightly and one keeps running his fingers through his hair. These people arent talking but theyre “saying” a lot if you know the “body language” theyre using. Main Idea: We communicate a great deal with our body movements. Introduction N H C E自测自测课文课文随随 笔笔 3. While cloth

13、ing serves a purely practical function, how you dress also communicates many things about your social status, state of mind and even your aspirations and dreams. The eleven-year-old girl who dresses like a college student and the forty-year-old woman who dresses like a teenager are saying something

14、through what they wear. What you communicate through your kind of dress definitely influences others to accept the picture of yourself you are projecting: In the business world, the person who dresses like a successful manager is most likely to be promoted into a managing position. (Para. 7) Main Id

15、ea: The clothes you wear also communicate many things.Introduction N H C E自测自测课文课文随随 笔笔 4. Also important are the ornaments a person wears: buttons, medals, jewels, etc. Such ornaments are often the means by which a person announces a variety of things about himself: his convictions (campaign button

16、s), his beliefs (religious tokens), his membership in certain groups (club pins or badges), his past achievements (college ring or Phi Beta Kappa key) and his economic status (diamonds). (Para. 8) Main Idea: Small ornaments you wear communicate many things, too. Introduction N H C E自测自测课文课文随随 笔笔 5.

17、When you see a person for the first time, even though he doesnt speak to you, you begin watching himhis actions, his attitude, his clothing and many other things. Theres a wealth of information there if you know how to “read” it. Perhaps snap judgments arent so unsound after all. (Para. 10) Main Ide

18、a: A wealth of information from body language makes snap judgments seem sound. Text B自测自测技巧技巧N H C E自测自测技巧技巧Questions Text Study Choice Making N H C E随随 笔笔 statement n. C说法说法, ,叙述叙述; ;声明声明 snap a. 匆忙的匆忙的, ,仓促的仓促的 judgment n. C, U判断判断; ;U判断力判断力 seemingly ad. 从表面上从表面上看起来看起来; ;似乎似乎是是 instanta. 立即立即的的,

19、,即刻的即刻的 signn. C迹象迹象; ;标志标志; ;招牌招牌, ,指示指示牌牌 immaturity n.U不成熟不成熟 lackn./vt. sing., U (of) 缺乏缺乏; ;不足不足 assume vt. 假定假定, ,想当然想当然认为认为Questions Text Study Choice Making N H C E自测自测技巧技巧随随 笔笔 acquaint vt. 使使认识认识, ,使使了解了解 behavioral a. 行为的行为的 estimate vt. 估计估计, ,判断判断 overestimatevt. 过高估计过高估计; ;过高过高评价评价 obv

20、ious a. 显然的显然的, ,明显明显的的partial a. 部分的部分的; ;不完全不完全的的 partially ad. 部分地部分地; ;不完全不完全地地 accountvi./n. 作出作出解释解释; ;占占; ;C记述记述; ;账户账户 imaginevt. 想象想象, ,设想设想; ;认为认为, ,以为以为Questions Text Study Choice Making N H C E自测自测技巧技巧随随 笔笔 briefcase n. C 公文包公文包 rub vt. 擦擦, ,磨擦磨擦 aggressivea. 挑衅挑衅的的; ;侵略的侵略的; ;积极进取积极进取的的

21、 resentvt. 对对表示忿恨表示忿恨; ;怨恨怨恨 resentful a. 充满忿恨充满忿恨的的; ;怨恨怨恨的的 function n. C, U 功能功能; ;作用作用; ;用途用途status n. U 地位地位; ;身份身份 aspiration n. C 强烈的强烈的愿望愿望; ;志向志向 definitely ad. 无疑无疑地地; ;肯定地肯定地 project vt./n. 使使呈现呈现; ;规划规划; ;C科研项目科研项目behavior n. U行为行为, ,举止举止 Questions Text Study Choice Making N H C E自测自测技巧技

22、巧随随 笔笔 promote vt. 提升提升, ,晋升晋升; ;促进促进, ,增进增进 token C 标志标志, ,象征象征 membershipU 会员会员身份身份, ,会员资格会员资格 badge C 徽章徽章; ;证章证章 C 装饰品装饰品; ;点缀点缀品品 n.ornament C 宝石宝石; ;宝石饰物宝石饰物; ;首饰首饰 n.jewel C 方法方法, ,方式方式, ,手段手段n. means C 坚定的坚定的信仰信仰; ;确信确信n.conviction C 运动运动 n. campaign 宗教的宗教的; ;笃信宗教的笃信宗教的, ,虔诚虔诚的的 religiousa.n

23、.n.n.Questions Text Study Choice Making N H C E自测自测技巧技巧随随 笔笔 economic a. 经济的经济的 find out 找出找出, ,查明查明, ,发现发现 in relation to 有关有关, ,关于关于 become acquainted with 与与相识相识, ,了解了解 U 建筑建筑式样式样, ,建筑风格建筑风格 n.architecture 严格的严格的, ,死板的死板的 a.rigid( (行为行为) )准则准则; ;C标准标准; ;规范规范 n. norm C 方式方式, ,风格风格 n.style C, U 生活方

24、式生活方式n. lifestyle 一一就就the minute Questions Text Study Choice Making N H C E自测自测技巧技巧随随 笔笔 pick up 学会学会; ;得到得到 在某种程度在某种程度上上, ,部分部分地地 in part 感到无拘束感到无拘束 be/feel at home 对对感到满足感到满足 be content with 大量的大量的, ,丰富的丰富的 a wealth of 终究终究; ;最终还是最终还是; ;毕竟毕竟 after all PBK联谊会联谊会, ,PBK联谊会会员联谊会会员Phi Beta Kappa New Wo

25、rds Text Study Choice Making 自测自测技巧技巧N H C EFor you to be better conditioned for reading as fast as 100 words per minute, as required in the new type of examination “Fast Reading”, Text B can serve to be your fast-reading material. But, for this purpose, the best course of action is to know what to

26、scan for in your skimming. Thus, the trick is to keep in your mind the key words of each question before you start off. That is where the “Questions Previewing” comes in. 随随 笔笔 New Words Text Study Choice Making N H C E自测自测技巧技巧随随 笔笔 Q1. According to the first paragraph, a snap judgment is _. Q2. Peo

27、ple become familiar with each other through talking because they believe _.Q3. Research shows that, while speech is important in forming opinions, _.Q4. According to researchers, snap judgments are partly the result of _. New Words Text Study Choice Making N H C E自测自测技巧技巧随随 笔笔 Q5. According to the p

28、assage, _. Q6. _ is one of the forms of behavior that best reflect a persons inside self. Q7. According to the passage, if an eleven-year-old girl dresses like a college student, she may probably _. Q8. From the passage, we can learn that snap judgments are _. New Words Questions Choice Making 自测自测技

29、巧技巧N H C E随随 笔笔 1. “I liked him the minute I saw him!” “Before she even said a word, I knew there was something funny about her.” Such statements are examples of “snap judgments”, opinions which are formed suddenly, seemingly without using any sound reason at all. Most people say snap judgments are

30、unsound or even dangerous. They also admit they often make snap judgments and find them to be fairly sound. Body LanguageChineseQuestion 1New Words Questions Choice Making N H C E自测自测技巧技巧随随 笔笔 2. Snap judgments like “love at first sight” or “instant hate”, if taken seriously, have usually been consi

31、dered signs of immaturity or lack of common sense. When someone “has a feeling” about someone else, people more often laugh than pay attention. Most people think you find out about a person by listening to what he says over a period of time. Others say “actions speak louder than words”, usually in r

32、elation to keeping promises, paying bills or sending money home. ChineseNew Words Questions Choice Making N H C E自测自测技巧技巧随随 笔笔 3. Because people assume “you are what you say you are”, they talk a lot to become acquainted with each other. Once two people have become acquainted, they think it was thei

33、r conversation that gave them their information about each other. ChineseQuestion 2New Words Questions Choice Making N H C E自测自测技巧技巧随随 笔笔 4. As behavioral sciences develop, however, researchers find the importance of speech has been overestimated. Although speech is the most obvious form of communic

34、ation, we do use other forms of which we may be only partially aware or, in some cases, completely unaware. It is possible we are unconsciously sending messages with every action, messages that are unconsciously picked up by others and used in forming opinions. These unconscious actions and reaction

35、s to them may in part account for our “feelings” and “snap judgments”. ChineseQuestion 3Question 4New Words Questions Choice Making N H C E自测自测技巧技巧随随 笔笔 5. We communicate a great deal, researchers have found, with our bodiesby the way we move, sit, stand and what we do with our hands and heads. Imag

36、ine a few people sitting in a waiting room: One is tapping his fingers on his briefcase, another keeps rubbing his hands together, another is biting his fingernails, still another grabs the arms of his chair tightly and one keeps running his fingers through his hair. These people arent talking but t

37、heyre “saying” a lot if you know the “body language” theyre using. ChineseQuestion 5New Words Questions Choice Making N H C E自测自测技巧技巧随随 笔笔 6 Two of the most “telling” forms of behavior are driving a car and playing games. Notice a persons reaction to stress in these situationsand to aggressive behav

38、ior in others. Those who easily become angry, excited, passive or resentful when driving or playing may be giving insights into the inside self. ChineseQuestion 6New Words Questions Choice Making N H C E自测自测技巧技巧随随 笔笔 7. While clothing serves a purely practical function, how you dress also communicat

39、es many things about your social status, state of mind and even your aspirations and dreams. An eleven-year-old girl who dresses like a college student and a forty-year-old woman who dresses like a teenager are saying something through what they wear. What you communicate through your kind of dress

40、definitely influences others to accept the picture of yourself you are projecting: In the business world, the person who dresses like a successful manager is most likely to be promoted into a managing position. ChineseQuestion 7New Words Questions Choice Making N H C E自测自测技巧技巧随随 笔笔 8. Also important

41、 are the ornaments a person wears: buttons, medals, jewels, etc. Such ornaments are often the means by which a person announces a variety of things about himself: his convictions (campaign buttons), his beliefs (religious tokens), his membership in certain groups (club pins or badges), his past achi

42、evements (college ring or Phi Beta Kappa key) and his economic status (diamonds). ChineseNew Words Questions Choice Making N H C E自测自测技巧技巧随随 笔笔 9. Another sign of a persons nature can be found in his choices in architecture and furniture. A person who would really like to live in a castle would prob

43、ably be more at home in the Middle Ages. Those who like Victorian family houses and furniture might secretly welcome a return to more rigid social norms. People who are content with modern design are probably comfortable with modern lifestyles. ChineseNew Words Questions Choice Making N H C E自测自测技巧技

44、巧随随 笔笔 10. When you see a person for the first time, even though he doesnt speak to you, you begin watching himhis actions, his attitude, his clothing and many other things. Theres a wealth of information there if you know how to “read” it. Perhaps snap judgments arent so unsound after all. ChineseQ

45、uestion 8New Words Questions Text Study 自测自测技巧技巧N H C E随随 笔笔 Q1. According to the first paragraph, a snap judgment is _. A. an unsound and dangerous opinion formed quicklyB. an opinion formed with careful thoughtC. a sound opinion although it is formed suddenlyD. an opinion formed suddenly, seemingl

46、y without reasonRefer to Para. 1New Words Questions Text Study N H C E自测自测技巧技巧随随 笔笔 Q2. People become familiar with each other through talking because they believe _. A. they are able to find some shared interest in their talkingB. this is the only way to know othersC. they are able to judge a perso

47、n by what he or she saysD. by doing so they can escape being immature Refer to Para. 3New Words Questions Text Study N H C E自测自测技巧技巧随随 笔笔 Q3. Research shows that, while speech is important in forming opinions, _. A. we are fully aware of other forms of communication B. it is impossible to know how m

48、uch it helps us form judgmentsC. its importance is thought to be greater than it really isD. body language is of little importance Refer to Para. 4New Words Questions Text Study N H C E自测自测技巧技巧随随 笔笔 Q4. According to researchers, snap judgments are partly the result of _. A. messages we receive uncon

49、sciously B. our conversation with other peopleC. not sending the correct messages consciously or unconsciouslyD. being unable to understand oral communicationRefer to Para. 4New Words Questions Text Study N H C E自测自测技巧技巧随随 笔笔 Q5. According to the passage, _. A. people use their snap judgments to lau

50、gh at other peopleB. people use their body language to communicateC. people cannot explain such feelings as “love at first sight” or “instant hate” D. people arent talking when they are using their body languageRefer to Para. 5New Words Questions Text Study N H C E自测自测技巧技巧随随 笔笔 Q6. What is one of th

51、e forms of behavior that best reflect a persons inside self? A. Being angry. B. Playing games.C. Being aggressive.D. Being resentful.Refer to Para. 6New Words Questions Text Study N H C E自测自测技巧技巧随随 笔笔 Q7. According to the passage, if an eleven-year-old girl dresses like a college student, she probab

52、ly _. A. dreams of going to collegeB. shows she is a young college studentC. has finished high schoolD. wants to show off her clothes. Refer to Para. 7New Words Questions Text Study N H C E自测自测技巧技巧随随 笔笔 Q8. From the passage, we can learn that snap judgments are _. A. formed on unsound reasons B. mis

53、leadingC. the only reliable way in forming an opinionD. not totally based on wrong ideasRefer to Para. 10Test Yourself课文课文技巧技巧N H C ETest YourselfDirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause you must make your choice.

54、21345768910课文课文技巧技巧 Reading N H C E随随 笔笔 Reading 课文课文技巧技巧N H C E随随 笔笔 1.A) They enjoyed the party better than the other guests.B) They knew none of the other guests at the party.C) They didnt think much of the food and drinks.D) They went a long way to attend the party.M: I think the hostess really

55、went out of her way to make the party a success. W: Yes, the food and drinks were great, but if only we had known a few of the other guests.Q: What did the two speakers say about the party? 21345768910 Reading N H C E课文课文技巧技巧随随 笔笔 2. A) To the dentists. C) To the post office.B) To the market. D) To

56、the bookstore. M: Can you stop by the post office and get me some envelopes and 39 cents stamps?W: Well, I am not going to stop by the post office, but I can buy you some at the bookstore after I see the dentist on Market street.Q: Where will the woman go first? 21345768910 Reading N H C E课文课文技巧技巧随随

57、 笔笔 3. A) She dislikes Dr. Andrews as much as the new physician. B) Dr. Andrews has been promoted for his thoroughness. C) She disagrees with Dr. Andrews on many occasions. D) Dr. Andrews used to keep his patients waiting.M: How do you like the new physician who replaced Dr. Andrews?W: He may not se

58、em as agreeable or as thorough as Dr. Andrews, but at least he doesnt keep patients waiting for hours.Q: What can we infer from the womans answer? 23457689101 Reading N H C E课文课文技巧技巧随随 笔笔 4.A) Tom is usually talkative. C) Tom is disliked by his colleagues.B) Tom has a very bad temper. D) Tom has doz

59、ens of things to attend to.W: Tom must be in a bad mood today. He hasnt said half a dozen words all afternoon. M: Oh, really? Thats not like the Tom we know.Q: What does the man imply?23457689101 Reading N H C E课文课文技巧技巧随随 笔笔 5.A) To find out more about the topic for the seminar. B) To make a copy of

60、 the schedule for his friend.C) To get the seminar schedule for the woman. D) To pickup the woman from the library. W: Do you have the seminar schedule with you? Id like to find out the topic for Friday.M: I gave it to my friend, but there should be copies available in the library. I can pick one up