实用综合教程(第二版)第三册Unit1

1、Background InformationEarth in the Information AgeInformation Age Information Age is the name given to the period of time following the Industrial Age. Information Age is a term applied to the period where the movement of information has become faster than physical movement.Global Village Global Vil

2、lage is a term coined by Marshall McLuhan to describe the world that has been “shrunk” by modern means of communication. Today, the term Global Village is mostly used to describe the Internet and World Wide Web. The Internet globalizes communication by allowing users from around the world to connect

3、 with each other. Similarly, web-connected computers enable people to link their web sites together. BackgroundInformationVideo ClipGroup DiscussionSpot DictationVideo ClipGroup DiscussionSpot DictationBackgroundInformationInstant Messaging IM, instant messaging, is a type of communication service t

4、hat enables you to create a kind of private chat room with another individual in order to communicate in real time over the Internet. IM is similar to a telephone conversation but uses text-based, not voice-based, communication. Typically, the instant messaging system alerts you whenever somebody on

5、 your private list is online. You can then start a chat session with that particular individual. BackgroundInformationVideo ClipGroup DiscussionSpot DictationVideo ClipGroup DiscussionSpot DictationVideo ClipGroup DiscussionSpot DictationBackgroundInformationVideo ClipSourceCyberbullies Meridian For

6、 video script, please scroll down the page.Video ClipGroup DiscussionSpot DictationBackgroundInformationVideo ClipGroup DiscussionSpot DictationBackgroundInformationQuestions:1.2.What is one of the advantages of hi-tech forms of communication accordingto the video? According to the speaker, what kin

7、d of phenomenon have the Internet and mobile technologies led to recently?KeyIt can help connect people to their friends, even friends they have never met face-to-face.KeyThe Internet and mobile technologies have led to a recent phenomenon known as cyberbullying.Video ClipVideo ClipGroup DiscussionS

8、pot DictationBackgroundInformationVideo ClipGroup DiscussionSpot DictationBackgroundInformationGroup Discussion1.2.Nowadays, people, especially the young, are becoming increasingly fond of instant messaging. Which way do you prefer to communicate with your friends - by telephone, e-mail or IM? Give

9、your reasons.“Staying connected is fine, but an online friendship with a stranger is not.” Do you think so? Why? BackgroundInformationSpot DictationVideo ClipGroup DiscussionVideo ClipGroup DiscussionSpot DictationBackgroundInformationSpot Dictation A smiley is often used in text to convey an with a

10、 message. Smilies are used in text messages in the same way voice changes and facial are used in or telephone . For example, if you were joking with someone and sent a text message “ ”, the person receiving your message may think you were making a rude to them. If you sent the same message with a “h

11、appy smiley:)” following, the person would understand you were “smiling” or joking when you said that, and not your intent. To create a smiley you use your standard characters and marks. When viewing text smilies, they are all sideways. communications_emotion _face-to-face _conversations_Idiot_ comm

12、ent_punctuation_misinterpret_keyboard_expressions_BackgroundInformationVideo ClipSpot DictationGroup DiscussionVideo ClipGroup DiscussionSpot DictationBackgroundInformationPart Division of the TextThe text can be divided into four parts:Part 1 (Paragraphs 1-2):Instant messaging is very popular, espe

13、cially with the young people.Part 2 (Paragraphs 3-5):With so large a number of IM users, there emerges a keyboard Nation.Part 3 (Paragraphs 6-9):Instant messaging also creates problems.Part 4 (Paragraphs 10-12):Experts argue IM may not be as bad as parents and teachers originally assumed it to be.Pa

14、rt Division of the TextFurther UnderstandingPart Division of the TextFurther UnderstandingFurther Understanding1.2.Does the popularity of instant messaging among the younger generation indicate that it will replace telephone and e-mail as a dominant way of communication? Why? In what way does Baron

15、think instant messaging is not so bad?Baron believes instant messaging is not so bad as long as the users know the difference between formal and conversational English. Anyway, language changes as the things people do and the things people meet change.Questions:It is still too early to make such a p

16、rediction. Although IMing is a quick and effective form of communication, it also demonstrates some disadvantages. Compared with telephone and e-mail, instant messaging does not always help develop a friendship. Sometimes, children use it to show angry feelings. Besides, many parents and teachers th

17、ink childrens instant messaging habits are taking their attention away from more important things. Also, childrens safety may be a problem in that an online friendship is not always reliable. In addition, It has also become a popular way to trouble and bully others.KeyKeyPart Division of the TextFur

18、ther UnderstandingPart Division of the TextFurther Understanding Think fast! Translate this conversation into formal English. “Wass?” “N2M, U?” “JC.” “G2G. BFN.” Confused? Your dictionary wont help you, but our word list will. If you understood it right away, you are probably among the 60% of childr

19、en online who use instant messaging, or IM. Yahoo, MSN and AOL offer software that allows users to have real-time conversations in text windows online. Instant messages are typed so fast that users dont slow down to change into capital letters, add punctuation, or write complete words. As a result,

20、new word abbreviations and IM slang are being made up faster than a high-speed modem. Crazy Instant Messaging Keyboard Nation. A typical instant-messaging conversation lasts more than a half hour, includes three or more friends and often includes friends from different places. More than one in three

21、 IM users say they use it every day. Nearly half of online teenagers believe that the Internet has improved their friendships. Its a quick, easy way to keep in touch. Twelve-year-old Gabbi Lewin says that shes on Instant Messenger almost every day. She says that without it, “there would be no way to

22、 communicate. Our parents are on the phone all the time.” Thirteen-year-old Steven Mintz likes messaging better than the phone “because I can talk to more people at once.” Chatting online is also a good way to keep up with friends who live far away. Children dont have to worry about the phone bill.

23、Wrong Message? Instant messaging does not always help develop a friendship. Sometimes, children use it to show angry feelings. Such children arent really trying to be mean. Often its just easier to say something online than in person. Eleven-year-old Oliver Davies says, “I can express my feelings mo

24、re easily with IM, without the guilty feeling of saying it face-to-face.” Many parents and teachers think childrens instant messaging habits are taking their attention away from more important things. Julia Long says that when her son, Taylor, 13, “is waiting for a beep, its hard for him to stay foc

25、used on homework or any kind of family activity.” Teachers get upset when Internet slang and emoticons faces made with punctuation marks appear in childrens writing. Words that have troubled young writers, including “its” and “its”, now have been joined by “u”, “r” and “wuz”. Childrens safety may al

26、so be a problem. Staying connected is fine, but an online friendship with a stranger is not. Many parents monitor instant messaging, either by limiting time online or by keeping the computer in a common area. IM. Not So Bad Researchers who study children and the Internet say instant messaging isnt g

27、etting in the way of real life. They note that new technology often produces old fears. “Its similar to what was said in the 1980s about video games and in the 1960s about television. There was this worry that children would do nothing else.” Even parents and teachers who dont like IM have to admit

28、that at least children are writing. And their typing skills are improving. Is it at the expense of proper English? “Not so long as they learn the difference between formal and conversational English,” says Naomi Baron, a professor of linguistics. “Language has always changed, and it always will,” sa

29、ys Baron. “It must change as the things we do and the things we meet change.” Thats good news! G2G. L8R. Think fast! Translate this conversation into formal English. “Wass?” “N2M, U?” “JC.” “G2G. BFN.” Confused? Your dictionary wont help you, but our word list will. If you understood it right away,

30、you are probably among the 60% of children online who use instant messaging, or IM. Yahoo, MSN and AOL offer software that allows users to have real-time conversations in text windows online. Instant messages are typed so fast that users dont slow down to change into capital letters, add punctuation

31、, or write complete words. As a result, new word abbreviations and IM slang are being made up faster than a high-speed modem. Crazy Instant Messaging Keyboard Nation. A typical instant-messaging conversation lasts more than a half hour, includes three or more friends and often includes friends from

32、different places. More than one in three IM users say they use it every day. Nearly half of online teenagers believe that the Internet has improved their friendships. Its a quick, easy way to keep in touch. Twelve-year-old Gabbi Lewin says that shes on Instant Messenger almost every day. She says th

33、at without it, “there would be no way to communicate. Our parents are on the phone all the time.” Thirteen-year-old Steven Mintz likes messaging better than the phone “because I can talk to more people at once.” Chatting online is also a good way to keep up with friends who live far away. Children d

34、ont have to worry about the phone bill. Wrong Message? Instant messaging does not always help develop a friendship. Sometimes, children use it to show angry feelings. Such children arent really trying to be mean. Often its just easier to say something online than in person. Eleven-year-old Oliver Da

35、vies says, “I can express my feelings more easily with IM, without the guilty feeling of saying it face-to-face.” Many parents and teachers think childrens instant messaging habits are taking their attention away from more important things. Julia Long says that when her son, Taylor, 13, “is waiting

36、for a beep, its hard for him to stay focused on homework or any kind of family activity.” Teachers get upset when Internet slang and emoticons faces made with punctuation marks appear in childrens writing. Words that have troubled young writers, including “its” and “its”, now have been joined by “u”

37、, “r” and “wuz”. Childrens safety may also be a problem. Staying connected is fine, but an online friendship with a stranger is not. Many parents monitor instant messaging, either by limiting time online or by keeping the computer in a common area. IM. Not So Bad Researchers who study children and t

38、he Internet say instant messaging isnt getting in the way of real life. They note that new technology often produces old fears. “Its similar to what was said in the 1980s about video games and in the 1960s about television. There was this worry that children would do nothing else.” Even parents and

39、teachers who dont like IM have to admit that at least children are writing. And their typing skills are improving. Is it at the expense of proper English? “Not so long as they learn the difference between formal and conversational English,” says Naomi Baron, a professor of linguistics. “Language has

40、 always changed, and it always will,” says Baron. “It must change as the things we do and the things we meet change.” Thats good news! G2G. L8R. Think fast! Translate this conversation into formal English. “Wass?” “N2M, U?” “JC.” “G2G. BFN.” Confused? Your dictionary wont help you, but our word list

41、 will. If you understood it right away, you are probably among the 60% of children online who use instant messaging, or IM. Yahoo, MSN and AOL offer software that allows users to have real-time conversations in text windows online. Instant messages are typed so fast that users dont slow down to chan

42、ge into capital letters, add punctuation, or write complete words. As a result, new word abbreviations and IM slang are being made up faster than a high-speed modem. Crazy Instant MessagingEducation Does Count即时聊天时打字速度很快，聊天者不大会停下来把小写改成大写、加上即时聊天时打字速度很快，聊天者不大会停下来把小写改成大写、加上标点或把字拼写得完整些。标点或把字拼写得完整些。Sente

43、nce Translation:The typing of instant messages is very fast. As a result, the users tend to be indifferent about capital letters, punctuation, or complete word forms.Sentence Paraphrase:句型句型so / suchthat 引导的是结果状语从句，译成引导的是结果状语从句，译成“如此如此以至以至于于”, so 之后接形容词或副词之后接形容词或副词，such 之后接名词。例如：之后接名词。例如：而而so that 引

44、导的是目的状语从句，译成引导的是目的状语从句，译成“为了为了”，从句中常有一个，从句中常有一个情态动词，如情态动词，如can / could, will / would, may / might, should等。例如：等。例如：试比较试比较句型句型suchas, 译成译成“诸如诸如之类的之类的”, 例如例如:Structural Analysis:He did so good a job that he got the promotion recently.He studies such subjects as science and physics.He did such a good j

45、ob that he got the promotion recently.He arranged everything so that we could get there at oneoclock.I got up so early that I caught the school bus. (结果状语从句结果状语从句)I have to get up early so that I could catch the school bus. (目的状语从句目的状语从句) Wrong Message? Instant messaging does not always help develop

46、 a friendship. Sometimes, children use it to show angry feelings. Such children arent really trying to be mean. Often its just easier to say something online than in person. Eleven-year-old Oliver Davies says, “I can express my feelings more easily with IM, without the guilty feeling of saying it fa

47、ce-to-face.” Many parents and teachers think childrens instant messaging habits are taking their attention away from more important things. Julia Long says that when her son, Taylor, 13, “is waiting for a beep, its hard for him to stay focused on homework or any kind of family activity.” Teachers ge

48、t upset when Internet slang and emoticons faces made with punctuation marks appear in childrens writing. Words that have troubled young writers, including “its” and “its”, now have been joined by “u”, “r” and “wuz”. 在网上说话比面对面更随意一些。在网上说话比面对面更随意一些。Sentence Translation:One feels more comfortable talkin

49、g to others online than in person.Sentence Paraphrase:这是一个比较状语从句，在这是一个比较状语从句，在than之后省略了之后省略了it is to say something, 全全句本应为句本应为Often its just easier to say something online than it is to say something in person.Structural Analysis: Childrens safety may also be a problem. Staying connected is fine, bu

50、t an online friendship with a stranger is not. Many parents monitor instant messaging, either by limiting time online or by keeping the computer in a common area. IM. Not So Bad Researchers who study children and the Internet say instant messaging isnt getting in the way of real life. They note that

51、 new technology often produces old fears. “Its similar to what was said in the 1980s about video games and in the 1960s about television. There was this worry that children would do nothing else.” dren would do nothing else. 上网是件好事，但与网上的陌生人交友并非如此。上网是件好事，但与网上的陌生人交友并非如此。Sentence Translation:Keeping on

52、line is OK, but making friends with a stranger through the Internet is not advisable.Sentence Paraphrase:but后的并列分句是一个省略句，在后的并列分句是一个省略句，在not后省略了后省略了fine。英文并列句中有英文并列句中有时会省掉相同的成分，例如：时会省掉相同的成分，例如：Structural Analysis:The problems facing Chinese soccer remain twofold: one goes to the system, and the other

53、 to social factors. (此句省掉的是谓语此句省掉的是谓语) Even parents and teachers who dont like IM have to admit that at least children are writing. And their typing skills are improving. Is it at the expense of proper English? “Not so long as they learn the difference between formal and conversational English,” say

54、s Naomi Baron, a professor of linguistics. “Language has always changed, and it always will,” says Baron. “It must change as the things we do and the things we meet change.” Thats good news! G2G. L8R. 语言学教授内奥米语言学教授内奥米白伦说，白伦说，“只要他们知道书面英语和口头英语的差别，只要他们知道书面英语和口头英语的差别，就不会了。就不会了。” Sentence Translation:Nao

55、mi Baron, a professor of linguistics says, “Their typing skills are improving not at the expense of proper English if they know formal English is different from conversational English.” Sentence Paraphrase:so / as long as 引导的是条件状语从句，相当于引导的是条件状语从句，相当于only if而而as far as 引导的从句常接引导的从句常接be concerned, 翻译成

56、翻译成“就就而言而言”Structural Analysis:So / As long as ( = Only if) he is given enough time, he will finish the assignment before the deadline. As far as people involved are concerned, nobody claimed tohave witnessed the accident. Think fast! Translate this conversation into formal English. “Wass?” “N2M, U?

57、” “JC.” “G2G. BFN.” Confused? Your dictionary wont help you, but our word list will. If you understood it right away, you are probably among the 60% of children online who use instant messaging, or IM. Yahoo, MSN and AOL offer software that allows users to have real-time conversations in text window

58、s online. Instant messages are typed so fast that users dont slow down to change into capital letters, add punctuation, or write complete words. As a result, new word abbreviations and IM slang are being made up faster than a high-speed modem. Crazy Instant Messaging instant NB:a) adj. 即时的，立刻的即时的，立刻

59、的, 速溶的速溶的b) n. 瞬间，即刻瞬间，即刻Derivatives:instantlyinstantaneous instant messaging 即时信息即时信息 instant coffee 速溶咖啡速溶咖啡 The novel was an instant success. I shall be back in an instant.Grammar Notes:the instant 可以引导从句，其后不需要任何别的引导词可以引导从句，其后不需要任何别的引导词, 类似的还有类似的还有the minute, the moment, every time (每当每当)。We have

60、nt seen each other for years. But I recognized her the instant / the minute / the moment I saw her at the airport. Marys face turns red every time she sees him.adv. 立刻，立即立刻，立即adj. 瞬间的，即时的瞬间的，即时的 Keyboard Nation. A typical instant-messaging conversation lasts more than a half hour, includes three or