动词的时态和语态24

1、动词的时态和语态 英语共有十六种时态，其表现形式如下(以study为例) 一般时 进行时 完成时 完成进行时现在 study be studying have studied have been studying过去 studied be studying had studied had been studying将来 will study wil be studying will have studied will have been studying过去将来would study would be studying would have studied would have been st

2、udying4.被动语态总结 一般现在时: is/am/are done 一般过去时: was/were done 现在进行时: is/am/are being done现在完成时: have/has been done过去完成时: had been done一般将来时: will be done过去将来时: would be done过去进行时: was/were being done情态动词: can be done, must be done, could be done, may be done, might be done,情态动词完成式: can have been done,mu

3、st have been done,could have been done, may have been done，might have been done,1 Every few years, the coal workers their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health. A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had2.The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. A. has rest

4、ored B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored3.Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they before leaving their hometowns. A. promisedB. were promisedC. have promisedD. have been promised 4.Guess what, weve got our visas for a short-term visit to

5、the UK this summer. -How nice! You a different culture then. A. will be experiencingB. have experienced C. have been experiencingD. will have experienced5.-Were you surprised by the ending of the film?-No, I _the book, so I already knew the story?A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read

6、6. -Weve spent too much money recently. -well, it isnt surprising. Our friend and relatives _around all the time A. are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming7.This coastal area a national wildlife reserve last year. A. was named B. named C. is named D. names8.I was just going to cut

7、my rose bushes but someone it. Was it you?A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do9.I walked slowly through the market, where people all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold10. Im tired out. .

8、I all afternoon and I dont seem to have finished anything. A. shopped B. have shopped C. had shopped D. have been shopping11. Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she _ since her marriage to Father. A shoulders B shouldered C is shouldering D has been shouldering13.Up to now, the program _ th

9、ousands of children who would otherwise have died. A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved14.We on this project for four hours. Lets have a rest. A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had workedA. are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. are being exhibited D. is being exhibited17.一Whe

10、n shall we restart our business? 一Not until we our plan Awill finish Bare finishing Care to finish Dhave finished18Youve failed to do what you to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you Awill expect Bwill be expected Cexpected Dwere expected19.Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?No , I _ my homewor

11、k all day yesterday. A. was doing B. would do C. has done D. do21.The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _. A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made 22.why, Jack, you look so tired! Well, I _the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. A. was paint

12、ing B. will be painting C. have painted D. have been painting23.Peter , where did you guys go for the summer vacation?We_ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves. A. were B. have been C. had been D. will be 24.I have to see the doctor because I a lot lately. A. have

13、 been coughing B. had coughed C. coughed D. cough25.It is reported that many a new house at present in the disaster area. A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built28.Excuse me I_I was blocking your way. A. didnt realize B. dont realize C. havent realized D. wasnt re

14、alizing30.Joseph _to evening classes since last month, but he still cant say “Whats your name?” in Russian. Ahas been going Bwent Cgoes Dhas gone31I _ all the cooking for my family, but recently Ive been too busy to do it. Awill do Bdo Cam doing Dhad done33.-Im not finished with my dinner yet.-But o

15、ur friends for us. A. will wait B. wait C. have waited D. are waiting34.-Im sorry, but I dont quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?-Sorry, I myself clear. We want to return on October 20. A. hadnt made B. wouldnt make C. dont make D. havent made35.It took me a long time

16、 before I was able to fully appreciate what they _ for me. A. had done B. did C. would do D. were doing36.The book has been translated into thirty languages since it on the market in 1973. A. had comeB. has comeC. cameD. comes37.The palace caught fire three times in the last century, and little of t

17、he original building _now. A. remains B. is remainedC. is remaining D. has been remained38. -Why do you want to work for our company? -This is the job that I for. A. lookedB. am to lookC. had lookedD. have been looking39.If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you fresh watermelon in the fall.

18、Aeat Bwould eat Chave eaten Dwill be eating 40For many years, people electric cars. However, making them has been more difficult than predicted.Ahad dreamed ofBhave dreamed of Cdreamed ofDdream of41Have you known Dr.Jackson for a long time?Yes， since shethe Chinese Society.A.has joinedB.joinsC.had j

19、oinedD.joined42 The wet weather will continue tomorrow， when a cold frontto arrive.A.is expectedB.is expectingC.expectsD.will be expected43.If the weather had been better，we could have had a picnic.But itall day.A.rainedB.rainsC.has rainedD.is raining44.If their marketing plans succeed，theytheir sal

20、es by 20 percent.A.will increaseB.have been increasingC.have increasedD.would be increasing45.Have you read a book called Waiting for Anya?Whoit?A.writes B.has writtenC.wroteD.had written46 Hefootball regularly for many years when he was young.A.is playingB.playedC.has playedD.had played When first

21、entered, Vanak Restaurant does not look like much of a restaurant, but once the pleasant smells of kabob(烤肉串)hit the senses, you are incapable of calling it anything less. Owned by a local couple, this Persian restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack. The space is s

22、mall with only a few dining tables and nearly no decoration，but the environment is truly charming. Lying in a hardly noticeable street corner，the restaurant still attracts all customers, especially those experienced in the delights of Middle Eastern cooking. A common sight is that of old Persian men

23、 sitting in the corner talking loudly about world topics，watching news events on TV，drinking a black tea known as Persian chai, and reading local Persian newspapers all the while trying to finish off their plates piled with food. The variety of food at the restaurant is limited，but the amount of eac

24、h dish is fairly large.Most of the meals can serve two people and are under $10, so not only is it affordable but practical as well. The food especially appeals to healthconscious eaters because each dish is very healthy，made with limited fat and oil and served straight off the grill (烤肉架) The main

25、dish that the restaurant is popular for is its kabobs，which are different styles of grilled meat. One delicious and extremely healthy dish is the Joojeh Kabob，which is made of grilled chicken pieces served with either rice or bread.Another great kabob is the Chelo Kabob, a kabob consisting of grille

26、d beef. Although the restaurant is small，the atmosphere and the food is delicious.It is a place that should not be overlooked.57. What activity is also mentioned apart from dining in the restaurant? A. Watching news events on TV. B. Drinking a kind of black coffee. C. Reading local English newspaper

27、s. D. Discussing world topics in low voices. 58. The food of the restaurant _. A. is served in small amounts B. is rather expensive C. is rich in variety D. is very healthy 59. What is the dish Joojeh Kabob mainly made of? A. Rice. BChicken. C. Bread. DBeef.高中词汇表abnormal a. 反常的，变态的aboard prep. 上（船，飞

28、机，火车，汽车等）abroad ad. 到（在）国外 absence n. 不在，缺席 presenceabsorb v. 吸收，使全神贯注accompany v. 陪同，陪伴，与同时发生according to ad. 按照，根据accumulate v. 积累，积聚accuse vt.控告, 谴责, 非难accustomed a. 习惯于,惯常的ache vi.& n. 痛，疼痛 adapt v. 使适应，适合，改编addicted a. 上瘾，成瘾，入迷admission n. 准入, 接纳 admit vt. 承认，准许（入场，入学，入会） adult n. 成年人 afford vt

29、. 负担得起（的费用）；抽得出（时间）；提供 allow vt. 允许，准许 amaze v. 惊奇，惊叹；震惊 amuse vt. （使人）快乐，逗乐 annoy vt. （使）烦恼 confuse v. 使迷惑，混淆astonish vt. 使惊讶 announcement n. 通告，通知 apologize vi. 道歉，谢罪 applicant n. 申请人application n. 申请 apply v. 申请 appoint v. 任命，委任，安排，确定（时间，地点）appointment n. 约会 appreciate v. 欣赏； 感激 approach n. / v.

30、靠近，接近，建议，要求appropriate a. 合适的，恰当的argument n. 争论，辩论 arise (arose, arisen) vi. 起来，升起；出现 attain v.（经过努力）获得,得到attempt vt. 试图，尝试 attend v. 看护，照料，服侍；出席，参加 attitude n. 态度，看法 attraction n. 吸引，爱慕attractive a. 迷人的，有吸引力的 Bbaggage n. 行李 ban n. 禁令 v. 禁止；取缔 bargain n. （经讨价还价后）成交的商品；廉价货 v. 讨价还价 base n. 根据地，基地（棒球）垒

31、 basic a. 基本的 beat (beat, beaten) v. 敲打；跳动；打赢 n. （音乐）节拍 behalf n. 代表某人，为了某人belong vi. 属，附属 beneficial a. 有利的，有帮助的，有用的benefit n. / v.优势,益处,使受益besides prep. 除以外（还有） ad. 还有，此外 bored a.（对人，事）厌倦的，烦闷的branch n. 树枝；分枝；分公司，分店；支部 Ccancel vt. 取消 celebration n. 庆祝；庆祝会 challenge n.挑战(性)challenging a.具有挑战性的change

32、 n. 零钱；找头v. 改变，变化；更换；兑换character n.（汉）字.字体；品格 characteristic a. 典型的，独特的charge v. 要求收费；索价；将(电池)充电 n. 费用；价钱cheer n. & vi.欢呼； 喝彩Cheer up 振作起来！提起精神！cheerful a.兴高采烈的，快活的cheers int. 干杯，(口)谢谢，再见cigarette n. 纸烟，香烟 comfort n. 安慰； 慰问 compete vi. 比赛，竞赛 competitor n. 竞赛者，比赛者 complaint n.诉苦, 抱怨, 牢骚, 委屈, 疾病concer

33、n v. / n. 涉及，关心conclude v. 完成，结束 conduct vt. 引导，带领 conductor n. 管理人；指导者；（车上的）售票员，列车员；乐队指挥 confident a. 自信的congratulate vt. 祝贺 congratulation n. 祝贺，庆贺 consider vt. 考虑 considerate a. 体贴的 consideration n. 考虑；关心 consist v. 包含，组成，构成contrary n. / a. 相反 相反的 contribute v. 贡献contribution n. 贡献 convenience n.

34、 便利 convenient a. 便利的，方便的 custom n. 习惯，习俗，风俗习惯 customer n. （商店）顾客，主顾 Ddamage n.& vt. 毁坏，损害 destroy vt. 破坏，毁坏 destruction n.破坏, 毁灭declare vt. 声明；断言decline v. 减少,下降,衰退,谢绝decrease v.减少，减小，降低delay v.& n. 拖延，延误，延迟，延期；耽搁 delete v. 删去 deliver vt. 投递（信件，邮包等） demand vt. 要求 depend vi. 依靠，依赖，指望；取决于 deserve v.（

35、不用于进行时态）应得，应受despite prep.不管, 尽管, 不论determination n. 决心 determine vt. 决定；决心 differ v. 相异，有区别 difference n. 不同 different a. 不同的，有差异的 direct a. / vt. 直接的；直达的；直截了当的 指挥；指导；监督；管理；指挥（演奏）；导演（电影） disability n. 残疾；无能 disadvantage n. 不利条件；弱点 discount n. 折扣 discourage vt. （使）气馁；打消（做的念头） discovery n. 发现 disobey

36、 vt. 不服从 distance n. 距离 distant a. 远的，遥远的 disturb vt. 扰乱；打扰 disturbing a. 令人不安的，引起恐慌的eager a. 渴望的，热切的 ease v. 减轻；缓解（难度或严重程度） economic adj.经济(上)的, 产供销的, 经济学的economy n.经济, 节约, 节约措施, 经济实惠, 系统, 机体, 经济制度的状况effect n. 效果；作用 encouragement n. 鼓励 entire a. 整个的，全部的equip vt. 提供设备；装备；配备 equipment n. 装备，设备 eventu

37、ally ad.最终地 expectation n. 预料；期望 expense n. 消费； 支出 experiment n. 实验 expert n. 专家，能手 explanation n. 解释，说明 explode v. （使）爆炸 explore v. 探险 express vt. 表达；表示；表情 n. 快车，特快专递 Ffailure n. 失败 fairly ad. 公正地，正当地；相当（程度）地 fairness n. 公平；公正 familiar a. 熟悉的 fan n. （电影、运动等的）迷；热心的爱好者（支持者） n. 风扇 fancy a.花式；装饰的；奇特的fa

38、ntastic a. (口语)极好的，美妙的，很棒的fantasy n 幻想，梦想 fare n.（车或船的）费用，票（价） favour (美favor) n. 恩惠；好意；帮助 figure n.数字；数目；图；图形；（人的）身型；人物；（绘画、雕刻）人物像 vt.（美口语）认为，判断.（在心里）想像，描绘 firm n.公司;企业 a.坚固的,坚定的 firmly ad. 牢牢地 focus v. / n.集中（注意力，精力）于，焦点，中心点following a. 接着的；以下的 fond a. 喜爱的，爱好的 forbid (forbade, forbidden) vt. 禁止，不许

39、 fortnight n. 十四日，两星期 fortunate a. 幸运的； 侥幸的fortune n. 财产；运气 forward ad.将来.今后.向前，前进 freeze (froze, frozen) vi. 结冰 freezing a. 冻结的；极冷的 Ggain vt. 赢得；挣得garbage n. 垃圾 general a. 大体，笼统的，总的 gifted a. 有天赋的；有才华的 govern v. 统治；管理graduate v. 毕业 graduation n. 毕业，毕业典礼 21一Have you his parents of his recent perform

40、ance at school? 一Nobut I will Atold Baccused Csuspected Dinformed 22Sorry,1 would have come earlier，but I that you were waiting Adidnt know Bhadnt known Cdont know Dhavent known23 with his slippers on when he heard the terrible noise A0ut did the boy rush BOut rushed the boy COut the boy rushed DRus

41、hed the boy out24The boy went swimming in the deep lake， his mothers fears for his safety Aregardless of Bapart from Cbut for Dinstead of 25Do you know the wasteland they used to play has been transformed into a theme park? Athat Bwhich Cthere Dwhere26With exports a big role in its economic growth，C

42、hina has been affected by the current financial storm Aplayed Bto play Cplaying Dplay27. Rose is Mr. Smiths secretary, so she has _ to all his business e-mails. A. power B. account C. way D. access28. The constant rise of meat price requires that effective measures _ by the government. A. must be ta

43、ken B. be taken C. will be taken D. should take29. She is expected to _ a good doctor when she graduates from the medical college. A. turn B. develop C. makeD. get30. A second, please. I have another call coming through. _. Im not in a hurry. A. Enjoy yourselfB. Leave me alone C. Do as you like D. T

44、ake your time31In 2010, Forbes listed Mickey Mouse as the worlds most valuable cartoon character, _ $58 billion a year in sales worldwide Amade Bto make Cmakes Dmaking32. You will succeed in the end _ you give up halfway.A. even if B. as though C. as long as D. unless33. - Jack, this is the third ti

45、me that you have been late this week- Sorry, sir, but I was _ for 15 minutes on the way here in the traffic jam.A. held up B. put up C. taken up D. given up34. The sign reading No Photos means that no one _ take any photos in the Palace Museum.A. need B. might C. must D. shall35. Its the second time

46、 that I _ in Beijing. What great changes! Its years since I _ here last time.Awent; had left Bhad been; left Chave been; leftDhave; had left完形填空具体解题技巧【技巧一】利用逻辑关系语，定位相关选项 逻辑关系语指表示各种逻辑意义的连句手段，主要有：（1）词（包括连词、副词和少数介词），如and, but, or, because, though, however, yet, therefore, otherwise, despite等；（2）短语，如in

47、other words, or rather, in addition, as a result, so that, on the contrary, instead of等；（3）分句和独立结构，如that is to say, what is more, all things considered等。逻辑关系语对准确理解语篇意义能够起到很强的提示作用。完形填空中很多题目都围绕它们而设。考生在解题时要充分利用这些逻辑关系语，找到与文中某些词、短语有密切关系的选项，如其同义词、近义词或反义词等，有时这些词、短语甚至复现在文中。 【例】 The girl became increasingly

48、worried about this, both when_46_and in her dreams.46. A. asleep B. away C. around D. awake 【例】 Before leaving, I had turned the heater_48_in the roadhouse, so that when we went in, it was nice and_49_.（湖北卷） 48. A. on B. off C. in D. over 49. A. neat B. hot C. warm D. attractive 【技巧小试】 . those chall

49、enges are the very things that_37_us and make us who we are . 37. A. design B. promote C. direct D. shape Its a little funny seeing friends in clean shoes and trousers or colorful_36_, instead of the usual school uniform. 36. A. shapes B. dresses C. flowers D. pictures “You need_36_,” his father sai

50、d. “But if you dont work hard, no fortune will come.”36. A. exercise B. fortune C. knowledge D. wealth 【技巧二】通晓上下文意，注意习惯搭配 词汇的习惯用法或固定搭配，特别是动词、名词、形容词、介词等的搭配在完形填空题中出现的比例很大。如果考生在备考时对常用的习惯用法或固定搭配能牢固地掌握，并在解题时灵活运用，就能达到事半功倍的效果。 【例】 A young man, wet from_42_to toe, explained that he had_43_out of petrol abou

51、t 30 km up the road. （湖北卷） 42. A. finger B. shoulder C. head D. hand 43. A. driven B. used C. come D. run 【例】 Java began to enjoy one of the years greatest event: “the Night of the Full Moon”, a festival（节日）that is especially popular_44_young people44. A.for B.to C.with D.in 【技巧三】明确文章语境，搞清词语差异 高考完形填空选项的设置一般均属于同一词类，有的甚至在意义上也非常接近。为了顺利解答此类问题，考生在平时记忆单词时，要在例句中把握其用法并能在考试中结合语境，比较四个选项的细微差别，推敲什么是最佳答案。 【例】 . the lady didnt take a bite. She sat there_34_her husband eat, and taking turns (轮流) sipping the drink. 3