必修三unit5grammar同位语从句

1、Unit 5 GrammarUnit 5 GrammarNoun Clauses asthe appositive noun clauses名词性从句名词性从句subjective clause主语从句主语从句objective clause宾语从句宾语从句predicative clause表语从句表语从句appositive clause同位语从句同位语从句 思考：何思考：何为同位语？为同位语？1. Their friend, Danny Lin, was waiting at the airport.2. I myself finished the homework.3. Lin Fei

2、 , one of my mothers old schoolmates, lives here. 同位语是句子成分的一种同位语是句子成分的一种, 它位于它位于名名词、代词词、代词后面后面, 说明它们的性质和情说明它们的性质和情况况, 它可以由名词、代词、名词性短它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。语或从句充当。（对前面名词或代词的补充说明）（对前面名词或代词的补充说明）同位语同位语 the Appositive语法精解语法精解( (一一) )1. The news that we won the game is exciting.2. I have no idea when he wi

3、ll come back home.3. Word came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 4. They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.观察下列句子红线的部分所修饰观察下列句子红线的部分所修饰的名词。的名词。一、定义一、定义 同位语从句一般放在同位语从句一般放在_的后面，的后面，用以用以 _ 名词所表示的名词所表示的具体内容具体内容。在句中。在句中作同位语。作同位语。二、常引导同位语从句的二、常引导同位语从句的抽象抽象名词名词fact, news

4、, idea, promise, question, problem, doubt, fear, hope, order, belief, thought, truth, suggestion, advice某些抽象名词某些抽象名词解释或说明解释或说明1.如同位语从句意义、结构完整，应用如同位语从句意义、结构完整，应用that引导同位语从句。引导同位语从句。（即即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用）；不充当任何成分，只起连接作用）；如同位语从句意如同位语从句意义不完整，结构完整，需增加义不完整，结构完整，需增加“是否是否”的含义，应用的含义，应用whether引导同位语从句。（引导同位语从

5、句。（if不能引导同位语从句）不能引导同位语从句） The news that we won the game is exciting. They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.2. 若同位语从句句意不完整，缺主语、宾语或表语，则用关系代若同位语从句句意不完整，缺主语、宾语或表语，则用关系代词词 The question who should go abroad hasnt been decided yet.3.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“什么时候什么时候”、“什么地

6、点什么地点”、“为什么为什么”、“什么方式什么方式”等含义，应用连接副词等含义，应用连接副词when, where, how等词引导同位语从句。等词引导同位语从句。 例：例：I have no idea when he will be back. 例：例：I have no impression how he went home, perhaps by bike. whetherwhathowhowever观察1.The fact has attracted our attention that its still raining heavily.2. The news has spread

7、all over the school that our class win the game.有时被别的词或短语把有时被别的词或短语把隔开：（谓语较短，同位语从句较长）隔开：（谓语较短，同位语从句较长）注意注意: :1:The story that William Tell killed the king with an arrow.2:Word that their team had won.（word：n消息）消息）分隔式同位语从句分隔式同位语从句若被同位语从句说明的名词是：若被同位语从句说明的名词是：advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,r

8、equirement,order等表示等表示建议、命令、要求的词时，同位语从句的谓语用建议、命令、要求的词时，同位语从句的谓语用(should)+do1).I made the suggestion that the meeting_(bring) to an end.(should) be brought2).The order that we _(send) a few people to help them was received yesterday.3). The order that we _(receive) yesterdaywas that we _(send) a few

9、people to help them.(should) sendreceived(should) send注意注意: :A: He put forward the suggestion that the second question should be discussed first.B: The suggestion that he had put forward was turn down.仔细看，找区别仔细看，找区别判断下面的句子是否是同位语从句，如不是，那又是判断下面的句子是否是同位语从句，如不是，那又是什么从句。什么从句。A: The news that he told me i

10、s that Tom would go abroad next year.B: The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语同位语从句从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别类别类别性质性质功能功能引导词引导词that 的作用的作用Wh- 引导词引导词的作用的作用同位同位语语从句从句定语定语从句从句形容形容词性词性修饰修饰限定限定既替代先行既替代先行词，同时也词，同时也在句中做某在句中做某种成分，做种成分，做宾语可以省宾语可以省略。略。关系词没有疑关系词没有疑问意义问

11、意义,可替换可替换先行词先行词.名词性名词性只起连接作用，只起连接作用，不做成分不做成分,不不能省略。能省略。不能替换所修不能替换所修饰的名词饰的名词,有有疑问意义。疑问意义。补充补充说明说明Tip1: 抽象名词后面的从句如果是一个完整抽象名词后面的从句如果是一个完整的句子的句子, 则该从句为同位语从句。反之，多则该从句为同位语从句。反之，多为定语从句。为定语从句。同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别类别类别性质性质功能功能引导词引导词that 的作用的作用Wh- 引导词引导词的作用的作用同位同位语语从句从句定语定语从句从句形容形容词性词性修饰修饰限定限定既替代先行既替代先行词

12、，同时也词，同时也在句中做某在句中做某种成分，做种成分，做宾语可以省宾语可以省略。略。关系词没有疑关系词没有疑问意义问意义,可替换可替换先行词先行词.名词性名词性只起连接作用，只起连接作用，不做成分不做成分,不不能省略。能省略。不能替换所修不能替换所修饰的名词饰的名词,有有疑问意义。疑问意义。补充补充说明说明Tip2: 在先行词与与从句之间加一个系动词在先行词与与从句之间加一个系动词be,使之构成一个新句子，如果句子通顺且使之构成一个新句子，如果句子通顺且符合逻辑，则为同位语从句。反之，则为定符合逻辑，则为同位语从句。反之，则为定语从句。语从句。在名词和从句之间加在名词和从句之间加be, 使之

13、构成一个新句子，使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则是同位语从句，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则是同位语从句，定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。从句连接起来的。The news that our team has won the game was true.The news that he told me yesterday was true. The news is that our team has won the game.The news is that he told me yesterday.(句子通顺，是同位语从句）句子通顺

14、，是同位语从句）（句子不通顺，是定语从句）（句子不通顺，是定语从句）1. The news that we had successfully sent up another communication satellite spread throughout the world.2. Thats the best piece of news that Ive heard.3. The news which was spreading all over the school proved to be untrue.判断下列哪些含有判断下列哪些含有同位语从句同位语从句，哪些含有，哪些含有定语从句定语从句。定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句4. Is there any hope that he will be home at 7: