人教社高二英语单词创新学习unitWord版

1、人教社高二英语单词创新学习(分单元同步)成都市成华区英语教研室 何朝平人教版 高二unit 2单词表(上)说明：*为超课标词汇，一般不作详细讲解Unit 246-2- media 5mi:dIE（pl）medium 5mi:dIEm（media pl） n. C媒体；中间的，中等的归类记忆 单数-um 复数-adatumdata(数据) medium media(媒介) bacterium bacteria(细菌)47. *reliablerI5laIEbladj. that can be trusted to do sth well; that you can rely on可信赖的；tha

2、t is likely to be correct or true可靠的48. fire fBIEn. burning with place U, C火，炉火；C火灾 v. to shoot off bullets 1）开火，射击；2）打发人走，轰走解雇 名言 Fire proves gold; adversity proves men. L. A. Seneca(Roam statesman) 火试炼真金；逆境考验人品。L. A.塞尼加（罗马政治家）谚语 A little fire burns up a great deal of corn.星星之火可以燎原。谜语趣记I am always

3、hungry; I must always be fed. The finger I lick will soon turn red.一言辨异 Fired (解雇)by his boss, he was so angry as to fire (开枪)his gun and set his house on fire(着火).短语归类记忆(be) on fire 失火，在烧指状态catch fire 着火指动作 seton fire 使燃烧指状态set fire to使着火指动作make a fire 生火light / start a fire 点火discover a fire 发现起火c

4、ontrol the fire 控制火势be trapped by / in the fire被火围困 put out the fire 灭火escape from the fire 逃离火境比较on fire, on the fireon fire着火,on the fire在火上。 Put the food on the fire. The house is on fire.对比记忆 A cook will be fired if in the kitchen the food on the fire is on fire. fire alarm 火警 fire escape 安全梯 fi

5、re fighter n. C消防人员fireplace n. C壁炉fire wood n.U木柴1 / 16fireworks n.焰火对比联想记忆簇 The tired fire fighter, who was hired yesterday, and didnt rang the fire alarm but fired from the fire escape at the tire on fire in the fireplace with much fire wood tirelessly, was fired today.那个昨天刚雇佣的疲倦的消防队员，没有拉响火警而是朝有许

6、多木柴的壁炉中的燃烧着的轮胎不倦地开火，因此今天被开除了。49. facefeIsn.C, U the front part of the head from the thin to the hair 脸；面孔 v. to have the face or front pointing (towards) 面对；面向 face to face: in the direct presence(of) 面对面；当面 make a face=make faces 做鬼脸；做苦脸 sb.face sth. sb.be faced with sth 面对谚语A good fame is better t

7、han a good face.美名胜于美貌。高考试题1._ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (2006四川)A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face2. Faced with a bill for 10,000,_. (2006陕西)A. an extra job has been given to John B. the boss has given john an extra jobC. an extra job has been takenD. John has

8、 taken an extra jobfacial 5feIFEladj.面部用的50. difficulty5dIfIkEltI n.1.U the state or quality of being difficult困难2.Cdifficult things难事 名言 Difficulties strengthen the minds, as labor does the body. L. Annaeus Seneca (Roman statesman and philosopher) 困境锻炼心智，犹如劳动增强体魄。对比联想记忆簇 The scientist says he has m

9、uch different difficulty doing difficult research on the differences of science. 科学家说他在研究科学的不同上有很多不同的困难。 易错点difficulty的双重可数性：I have little/ great/ much difficulty (in) learning English./ There is little/ great/ much difficulty (in) learning English （此句型只用作不可数名词）If you have the difficulties Im in! （用

10、作可数名词）He has great/little/much difficulty continuing his research work, for he is having money difficulties. （前者用作不可数名词，语义抽象；后者用作可数名词，语义具体。）想一想 在英语中还有哪些名词具有双重可数性？请归类记忆。51. editor5edItE n. C编辑52. reason5ri:znn. cause, motive 原因，动机 名言Strong reasons make strong actions. William Shakespeare, British dra

11、matist强有力的理由产生强有力的行动。英国剧作家 威廉莎士比亚高考试题Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the class _he had to meet his uncle at the air port.（2006重庆）A. why B. thatC. where D. becausereasonable 5ri:zEnEbEl adj. 有道理的，合情合理的53. electI5lektvt. (formal)choose sb. to do a job by voting for them (投票)选举比较 1)ele

12、ct sb (to be/as) +职位：(正式)选举某人为 2)elect sb. to +组织机构：选举某人到3)make sb. +职位：选举某人为（侧重结果）4) choose sb. (to be/ as) +职位：选择某人为 （侧重动作）比较 We voted for him as monitor of our class.We made him monitor of our class.We elected him (to be/as) monitor of our class.We chose him (to be/as) monitor of our class.54. go

13、 up上升归类记忆 增加减少become morebecome less/fewerincrease(vt.&vi.)增加，增长，增大decrease (vt.)减少add (vt.)增补，加上，附加leave out(vt.) 省略raise(vt.) 强度,价值（格）等提高（人为）drop(vt.&vi) 落下rise(vi) 自然增加fall(vi.)降落put on (vt.)体重、数量增加lose (vt.)失去go up(vi.)上升go down (vi.)下降55. burn down： be destroyed by fire烧毁56. injure5IndVEv. to h

14、urt 伤害，损害（泛指大、小意外创伤） injured adj. having been hurt 受伤的 injury 5IndVErIn.U,C (injuries)(an example of) harm 受伤处，伤害 add insult to injury 倍加侮辱，雪上加霜 表格对比记忆 英语词性汉语宾语injurev.意外伤sb/sth.woundv.&n.专指刀、剑、枪伤、战争之伤sb.damagev.&n.损害，伤害sth.destroyv.毁坏sth.hurtv.内外伤，包括感情sb./sth.一句辨异After being wounded in the war, he

15、had an accident when his car was damaged, but not destroyed, and he himself not injured.归类记忆 injury 种种：burn(灼伤) bump(碰伤) bruise (擦伤) lump(肿块) scratch(抓伤) swelling(肿胀)57. headline5hedlBIn(报刊的)n. C大字标题58. informIn5fR:mv. to tell, to give information to; 告知，通知，报告 inform that; inform sb. of/about sth. 易

16、错点有无介词：汉语直宾在前直宾在后通知某人某事inform sb. of/ about sth.无提醒某人某事remind sb. of sth.无抢某人的某物rob sb. of sth.无告诉某人某事tell sb. sth.tell sth. to sb.向某人宣告某事announce to sb. sth.announce sth. to sb.向某人解释某事explain to sb. sth.explain sth. to sb.对某人说某事say to sb. sth.say sth. to rmation 7InfE5meIFEn n. U (something

17、that gives) knowledge in the form of facts信息、消息、情报、通知、报道 C.f.:knowledge, message, report, announcement. information desk 问讯处59. *informedIn5fR:mdadj. having lots of knowledge about a particular subject有学问的，有依据的，有见地的an informed choice/guess/decision/opinion有依据的选择/猜测/决定/看法60. relaterI5leIt v. to show

18、or prove a connection between two or more things, to speak of 有关，叙述 A relate(vi.) to B A涉及到B，A与B有关 （无人为因素）relate(vt.) A with/ to B 把A与B联系起来（人为动作）be related to 与有关(状态) relation rI5leIFEn n 1）U关联，联系，交往2）C（直系有血源的）亲属 relative 5relEtIv 1. adj.有关系的，相关的 2. n. C（关系较远的）亲戚辨析 be relative to sb.与某人有关（广义）be rela

19、ted to sb.与某人有亲属关系（狭义）relatively adv. 相对地，比较地 ANT: absolutely 绝对地 relationshiprI5leIFEnFIp n.U, C关系(多抽象意义，关系密切)c.f. relation(s) 关联（多具体意义）61. *talent5tAlEntn C, Ua natural ability to do sth. well; a person with this ability天才，天资；人才 a talent competition/contest/show新秀选拔赛/大奖赛/演出talented = gifted adj.有天

20、才的be talented for (doing) sth.有做某事的62. *switch swItF v.& n. change or make sth. change from one thing to another(使)改变，转变；exchange one thing for another交换，对调 *switch on/off 开/关vt. turn on/off a light, a machine, stc. by pressing a button or move up and down比较close, shut, turn off, switch offclose和shu

21、t作“关闭”解时，可以通用，用于可开合的物体；turn off用于旋转式开关；switch off 用于按钮式、铡刀式开关。Close/Shut the door. Turn off/ Switch off the light.63. for once=just for once/ just this once(in contrast to what happens usually)仅此一次（与通常情况对比而言）64. *interviewer5IntEvjUE the person who asks the questions in an interview采访者，面试官interview

22、5IntEvjUn. C a meeting where a person is asked questions 面谈, 会谈, 采访 v. to ask questions (of somebody) in an interview 面试, 采访归类记忆 view(=see)相关词：词义自填interview( ) interviewee( ) interviewer( ) preview( ) review( ) viewer( )65. present5preznt adj. 1.(of a person) being in the place talked of or understo

23、od 在场的; 出席的只作后置定语 反absent 2. existing or in course of action now现在的作前置定语 n. 1. Uthe time now passing现在; at present现在; 目前 2. Ca gift礼物，赠品 vt. prI5zEnt呈现，奉送 present sth. to sb.= present sb. with sth.(give)一句辨异The leaders present are the present leaders with beautiful presents presented by our guests a

24、t present辨析gift, present: 两者都可作“礼物”解, 常可能通用, 但gift 着重于诚意与分量, 一般指上级或同级所赠的礼物, 侧重于送礼于人的诚意; present一般指同级或下级所赠的礼物, 口语中用得多。谚语No time like the present.把握现在最为可贵。presentation7prezn5teIFn n.U, C showing sth to sb.; a performance of a play演示，演出66. *reflectrI5flektv. show the image on the surface of sth.反映；thro

25、w back light, heat, sound, etc. from a surface反射67. effort5efEt n. 1.U the physical or mental energy that is needed to do something 努力，尽力 2.C,U an attempt to do something, especially when this involves a lot of hard work or determination 艰难地尝试 make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事 make every effort (to do

26、 sth.) 尽一切努力做某事 spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力去做某事SYN: pain, trouble ANT: ease67. spiritual5spIrItFEl adj. of spirit精神的(与material相对)68. seldom 5seldEmadv. rarely, not often 很少; 不常 易错点 半否定副词，位于句首时应倒装；反意疑问句要用肯定形式。归类记忆 半否定副词：seldom, little, hardly, scarcely, rarely 谚语Opportunity seldom knocks twice.机不

27、可失，失不再来。An old mans sayings are seldom untrue.长者的话鲜少不实。=He who refuses to accept old mens sayings will suffer a loss immediately.不听老人言，吃亏在眼前。69. *addict5AdIkt n. Ca person who is unable to stop taking harmful drugs隐君子 be addicted E5dIktIdto (doing) sth.上瘾Are you addicted to computer games?你有网瘾吗？70.

28、social5sEJFEl adj. concerning human society and its organization or quality of peoples lives社会的；社交的词汇挑战社会问题（social issues）：addict(隐君子) drug abuse(滥用毒品) animal rights(动物权利) homelessness(街头流浪) sexual/racial discrimination(性别/种族歧视) gay rights(同性恋权利) teenage pregnancies (少女怀孕) human rights(人权) race rela

29、tions(种族关系) ethnic minorities(少数民族) single-parent families(单亲家庭) Teenagers are on drugs/are taking drugs/ are using drugs/ are experimenting with drugs.青少年吸毒。词网socialism5sEJFElIzEm n.U 社会主义socialist5sEJFElIst adj. n. C 社会主义的(者)society sE5FBIEtIn.U, C社会71. *ignore Ig5nR:vt. pay no attention to sth.不理

30、会，忽视72. even if= even though: in spite the fact that; no matter whether即使，尽管（引导让步状语从句：既表陈述语气，又表陈述语气）Ill get there, even if I have to walk.我就是走也要走到那而去。（陈述语气，表事实）Even if he were here, he could not solve the problem.即使他在这儿，他也不会解决这个问题。（陈述语气，表假设）对比记忆as if =as though好像（引导方式状语从句：既表陈述语气，又表虚拟语气）even now/then

31、甚至到现在（或那时）even so即使这样，尽管如此73. attentionE5tenFEn n.U 注意，关心搭配 pay attention (to ) / attract attention/ draw attention: Ladies and gentlemen, may I have your attention, please? attentivelyE5tentIvlI adv. 注意地;专心地；认真地 高考试题The students were listening to the teacher _ (专心)（MET96）74. draw attention to (doin

32、g) sth.吸引注意归类记忆 give attention to给与注意pay attention to注意get ones attention 获得某人注意catch/call/draw (ones) attention to吸引（某人）注意（）fix/focus (ones) attention on/upon集中注意力于上归类记忆中学阶段含介词“to”而不是不定式符号的短语1.常接名词、代词、动名词的有：1） adapt to适应2） add up to总计3） agree to同意4） attend to处理；专心于5） be/get (become )used to习惯于/变得习惯

33、于6） belong to属于7） be/get married to与某人结婚8） be engaged to与某人订婚9） be up to sb. 由某人决定10） be up to sth. 忙于；胜任11） be equal to等于；能应付12） be on the way to sth.在做某事的途 中13） come to sth.达成；谈到14） come up to 达到（标准）15） compare to与比较16） contribute( )to对作贡献；投稿于17） devote to 献身于， 致力于，忠于18） get down to开始19） get to sp

34、l.到达某地20） go back to重新又做21） have access to接通22） help oneself to随便吃； 自取23） hold on to sth.不放手；不出让24） join to把连接起来25） lead to带领某人去某地/lead to通向26） live up to不辜负27） look forward to期望28） make ones way to spl.走向29） object to反对30） oweto 欠某人某物；把归功于 31） owing to因为，由于32） reply to答应33） respond to应答；有反应34） see

35、to it that保证35） set an example to sb.给某人树立榜样36） set fire to放火烧毁37） stick to坚持（某种观点）38） thanks to幸亏于，要不是39） turn to翻到；转向；转行成为40） witness to证实, 出庭作证, 为作证2.既可接介词“to”，也可接不定式符号“to”, 但词义不同的有：1) agree to sth.同意某种观点/ agree to do sth.同意做某事2) come to sth. 达成；谈到/ come to do sth. 逐渐做某事3) get to spl.到达某地/get to

36、do sth.逐渐做某事4) lead to带领某人去某地/lead to通向/ lead sb. to do sth.诱使某人做某事5) turn to翻到；转行成为/ turn to do sth.转身去做某事 6）be used to (doing) sth习惯于做某事./ be used to do sth.被用来做某事75. on all sides=from all sides; on/from every side到处，从四面八方side sBId n. C surface or line bounding a thing 边; 面 side by side 肩并肩地 by th

37、e side of 在旁边 谚语 Look at the both sides of the question.问题要看两面。=Look on the both sides of a shield.盾要看两面。sidewalk n. C (美)人行道(英pavement)sideway n.岔路，旁路sideways adv.斜向一边地76. *tolerate5tClEreItallow sb. to do sth. that you do not agree with or like容许；accept sb./sth that is annoying, unpleasant without

38、 complaining容忍近义词 put up with; stand; bear77. change ones mind归类记忆-s随ones而变:make up ones mind(s) 下决心；决定 lose ones life/lives 死；牺牲change ones mind(s)改变主意mindmaInd n.U, C 1. a persons way of thinking or feeling; thoughts 头脑；想法；思维；思想 2. memory 记忆 3. attention 注意；注意力 v. 1. to be careful(of) /pay close a

39、ttention (to)/attend to/take care of 注意，当心，留心2. be troubled by/object to介意，反对 never mind 没关系；不必顾虑 顺口溜要求跟动名词作宾语的动词：(1)“mmegaafepds”(霉咖啡不得吃): mind, miss(错过), enjoy, give up, admit, avoid, finish, escape, practise, delay, suggest.(2)“makes (a) fit speech”: mind, avoid, keep, enjoy, suggest, finish, ima

40、gine, think of, spend, practise, excuse, escape, consider(考虑), cant help易错点可跟动名词作宾语而跟不定式作宾补的动词注意被动语态中的结构搭配：advise doing sth./ sb. to do sth. allow doing sth./ sb. to do sth. permit doing sth./ sb/ to do sth. admit(承认)doing sth./ sb. to do sth. forbid doing sth./ sb. to do sth.易错点搭配、语气及答语（汉语相反）：Do yo

41、u mind my smoking here/if I smoke here?(不可用Did代替Do) (语气一般)Would you mind my smoking here/ if I smoked here?(不可用Will代替Would)（语气更委婉）比较 1)I wonder if/whether you will come tonight?2)I wondered if/whether you would come tonight?3)I was wondering if/whether you would come tonight?语气由强渐弱：1）2）3）高考试题1. Do y

42、ou mind if I open the window? _ I feel a bit cold.（2004广东）A. Of course not. B. Id rather you didnt.C. Go ahead. D. Why not?2.Do you mind my smoking here?(2006四川)_.A. No, thanks. B. No. Good idea.C. Yes, please. D. Yes. Better not.名言Most folks are about as happy as they make up their minds to be. Abr

43、aham Lincoln . American president对于大多数人来说，他们认定自己有多幸福，就有多幸福。美国总统A.林肯谚语Good mind, good find.好心有好报。78. affair5feEn.C a thing to do, a job, business; any thing, mater, or happening事，事情: Ive got some personal affairs that I have to see to.同义词business; thing对比联想记忆簇 Its a fairly unfair affair for you to pu

44、t the chairman with a long hair in a pair of repaired chairs on the stairs.把留着长发的主席安置在放在梯子上的一把修过的椅子上，这是一件很不合理的事。谚语Affairs that are done by due degrees are soon ended.按部就班，事情很快就做完。79. *current5kQrEntaffairs: events of political or social importance that are happening now时事对比记忆current account=(Am E ch

45、ecking account)活期存款帐户80. *concernkEn5s:nvt.1) affect sb.; involve sb.影响，涉及 2) be about sth. 与有关3) worry sb.担心4）take an interest对感兴趣be concerned about/ for sth.= be concerned that对担心/忧虑be concerned about/with sth.对感兴趣/关注81. telegram 5telIgrAm tele-(远)+ gram(手写物) n. C a message which is sent by telegr

46、aph 电报telegraph 5telIgrB:f n. U, C a way of sending messages by radio or wire 电报比较telegram, telegraph当“电报”解时，telegram指具体的，telegraph指抽象的。a telegram, by telegraph82. retirerI5taIE vi.re-(回，又)+tire(疲倦)退休，退役 a retired workerretire, vi, 其过去分词只表完成，无被动含义退休工人想一想英语中还有动词的过去分词只表完成，无被动含义？请归纳。对比联想记忆簇 The retired

47、 admirer is admitted to hire the wire he desires to repair the entire tire that is not on fire when he is tired.当退休的羡慕者很疲惫时，他被允许租用他想要的金属丝来修理没有着火的整个轮胎。83. completekEm5pli:t adj. 完成的 vt. 完成，结束 对比联想记忆簇 By computer my companion as a competitor competed in completing comparing the two companies in the co

48、mpetition.作为一个比赛者，我的同伴在比赛中用计算机完成了对两家公司比较的竞赛。84. look up to sb.: admire or respect sb.仰慕，尊敬85. respectrI5spekt v. n.U honor, expression of respect, show honor for 尊敬,尊重 名言 He who loves others is constantly loved by them. He who respects others is constantly respected by them. Mencius爱人者，人恒爱之。敬人者，人恒敬之

49、。孟子Without respect, love cannot go far.爱而不敬，不能长久。大仲马辨析 respectful/ respectable/ respected/ respectiverespectful= full of respect充满敬意的,有礼貌的 be respectful to the agedrespectable= can be respected 可敬的（可能性）respected= have been respected 已被（受）到尊敬的（已成为事实）respective =separate各自的对比记忆The students are respect

50、ful to our respectable Premier Zhou Enlai, who is respected by everyone.学生很尊敬我们可敬的周恩来总理。他受到每个人的敬爱。 The teacher is respectable to his students, and so are his students. 老师值得他的学生们尊敬，而且学生们也值得老师尊敬。归类记忆主动意义（-ful）（性质）被动意义(-able)(可能性)被动意义(-ed)（已完成）respectful恭敬的respectable可敬的respected受到尊敬的regretful 后悔的regre

51、ttable可惜的，遗憾的regretted感到后悔的forgetful健忘的forgettable可以忘记的forgotten被遗忘的86. expectIks5pekt vt. 1. to think that something will happen because it seems likely or has been planned 预期 2. to believe that someone or something is going to arrive 期待 3. to demand that someone should do something because it is a

52、 duty or seems reasonable 要求、指望 expect to do sth. 料到(预计到) expect sb. to do sth.期望某人干某事. SYN: desire 形近词-spect与look有关：expect 期望(褒义或贬义)look forward to（褒义）respect尊敬=look up toinspect视察=look into名言Blessed is the man who expects nothing, for he shall not be disappointed. Alexander Pope. British Poet一无所求的

53、人是幸福的，因为他永远也不会失望。英国诗人蒲伯.A.高考试题 1. Do you think the Stars will beat the Bulls? Yes. They have better players, so I _ them to win.(NMET 1999)A. hope B. prefer C. expect D. want2. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job.(NMET 2000)A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. e

54、xpects3. why havent you bought any butter? I _ to but I forgot about it. (2001春)A. liked B. wished C. meant D. expected4.I arrived late; I _ the road to be so icy.（2004北京）A. wouldnt expect B. havent expected C. hadnt expected D. wasnt expecting5. When climbing the hill John was knocked unconscious by an _ rolling stone. (2001上海)A. untouched B. unexpected C. unfamiliar D. unbelievable6. According to the art dealer, the painting