16年一模首字母专项学生版

1、宝山区Recently the unmanned aircraft which are called drones （无人驾驶飞机）have come into use for a number of business purposes. Basically, a drone is a flying robot. The aircraft （ 飞行器）may be remotely controlled or can fly a 81 through flight programs in their systems. The little planes used to be very cost

2、ly. In the past, they were mostly used in the military （ 军事）.But as they have d 82 in price more people have begun to use them. Rescue workers and farmers are among the new users.A company in France is using drones to help farmers examine their crops and limit the amount of fertilizer （月日料 ）they use

3、. The fast development of computer technology, image sensing devices（图像感应设备 ）,satellite navigation（卫星导航）and cell phones has ledto lower-priced drones. Researchers and developers have learned how to build smaller and less-costly drones .Moviemakers are using drones to film from the sky. Historians （

4、历史学家.）use them when they explore a 83 buildings. Rescue workers use them to look for people: And now farmers are using them to m 84 their crops.Romain Faroux is a French businessman who starts companies. His father was a farmer. He believed drones could help farmers. He helped create a company that

5、developed a small drone that could be controlled by people on the g 85. They called it Agridrone （ 农业无人机）.”Ituses a special optical sensor （光学感应器 ）to examine crops.The technology used is similar to that used by smart phones except it has wings. A computer program directs the drone to fly over the cr

6、ops. The sensor on the drone records four different-colored bands of sunlight （太阳光带）that are reflected off （ 反射 ）the crops.Jean-Baptiste Bruggeman is a farmer. He says the drone flies over his crops at different time of the season. He says ttfis provides a lot of information about his crops. The dro

7、ne pictures show him the exact amount of fertilizer the crops need. It also shows exactly where the fertilizer is needed.Romain Faroux says farmers use information g 86. by the Agridrone to placefertilizer only in areas where it was needed. This saves money and reduces pollution. Before they used th

8、e drones, farmers would put the same amount of fertilizer everywhere. Drones also save time because farmers can examine u 87 to three hectares （公顷）in about a minute.奉贤区Animated movies are ones that use drawings instead of real people. Artists must draw thousands of pictures, and each picture must be

9、 a l 81 different. For example, if themovie maker wants to show a girl running, the artist must draw her feet in different places in each picture. When the pictures are shown very q 82, one after another, it looks like the girl is running. Walt Disney was not the first or only one person to use anim

10、ation in movies, but he is the most famous. His first Mickey Mouse cartoon in 1928, was called Plane Crazy. This was a short, silent movie about the adventures of a little mouse. Today, 70 years later, Mickey Mouse is still a favorite character, and there are hundreds of cartoons and storybooks abou

11、t him in many l 83.Many people in the movie business thought that animation was only useful for short cartoons. They did not think people would want to see long movies made from moving drawings. Disney did not agree with them. He believed he could tell any kind of story using animation. His first l

12、84movie was Snow White and Seven Dwarfs. Disney spent all his money making this movie. Fortunately, it was a great success. He next made Dumbo, about a baby elephant, and this was f 85 by many more movies. Many of these are still popular today.When we think of Disney, however, we don think only of m

13、ovies, we also think of Disneyland. There are Disney lands in Japan, the USA, France and China (Hong Kong). There will be another one in Shanghai soon. They are large parks where people can meet characters from Disney s movies and visit scenes from his movies. A 86 Walt Disney made many of his most

14、famous movies many years ago, they are as popular now as they were when he made them. Today, we can buy them on video, and from time to time we can see them in theatres. When Walt Disney began making his animated cartoons all those years ago, people drew all the pictures by h 87. Nowadays, much of t

15、his work is done by computers.虹口区Beatlemania is a very strong feeling for the group, the Beatles. The Beatles were four young musicians from Liverpool, England. Their n 81 were John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. These four men n 82 took music lessons. They taught themselve

16、s to play music.In 1957, John c 83 a group called the Quarrymen. At that time, he was only 16 years old. Then he met Paul. They began to write songs and sing together. Soon, George joined them. The group played in England, and then in Germany. In 1962, Ringo joined them. Then John, Paul, George and

17、Ringo were the Beatles.The Beatles made their f 84 hit song in 1962. The song wasLove Me Do. In 1963,their song “ Please Please Me was a bigger hit. In all, they hac-nwenhyt songs. By 1963, the Beatles were very p 85 in England, and Beatlemania started. They had many fans. At converts, their fans sc

18、reamed very very loudly. The Beatles could not hear themselves sing.The next year, the Beatles went to the United States. The Americans love them, too. People everywhere c 86 their clothes and their hair. This rock-and roll group was welcomed by people all over the world.The Beatles broke up in 1970

19、. They wanted to play new music. All of the Beatles and interesting, new things. .John wrote music with his wife. Paul started a new group with his wife. George and Ringo made their own r 87 and gave converts. Sadly, John was shot dead in New York in 1980. He was forty years old. George became sick

20、and died in 2001.We still hear Beatles songs on the radio today. Their music and songs will live in our hearts for ever.黄浦区Have you ever wondered what an American high school and its students are really like? A typical (典型的)American high school has several large buildings and enoughs 81 for about 1,

21、500 students. Every student is given a locker. When students first arrive at school, they go straight to their lockers to put away or get their textbooks and to hang up their outdoor clothes. As American textbooks are e 82, students would rather borrow than buy them.Students must pay back if they lo

22、se any of them.American students have different types of school t 83. They usually take a yellow schoolbus or walk to school if they live close enough. Sometimes their parents drive them to school. When they turn 16 years of age, most take a free driving class at school for one term. If studentscan

23、begin drivingespeciallyearn passing grades in the class and also pass their state driver s exam,t 84 to school.Each day, students take six or seven classes. They must take science, maths, English and social studies. They can choose art, homemaking, fashion design and other classes. In some schools s

24、tudents are required to take one or more of the following special classes: health education, physical education or foreign language studies. Students m 85 to different classrooms for each subject. This is because each teacher has their own classroom. There is a short break between classes, to give t

25、he students the time to hurry to their next class.The r 86 school day usually ends early in the afternoon. After school more than half of the students are busy going for after- school activities. These activities include sports football, basketball, baseball and soccer or c 87, such as yearbook, spe

26、ech, school newspaper,photograph or student government. Students feel relaxed and pleased when they take part in them.嘉定区Do you want to make homework simpler? Oxford Learning founder and CEO Dr. Nick Whitehead said, Homework might be an unavoidable （不可避免的） part in school, but it doesnt have to be th

27、e boring part. With the right skills in place, students can turn homework from headache-including to trouble-free. These steps will make an obvious d 81.Use your notebooksThe brain is able to finish great works, but it is not a 82 perfect. Students should never rely on it to remember all school deta

28、ils. When a teacher assigns homework, students should write the details in their notebooks. According to Whitehead, to make them effective students n 83 to remember to take the notebooks out of their school bags at night, open them up and read over the nights list.Remove distractions（使注意力分散的事物 ）Comp

29、uters on, music on text messages receiving .Whitehead says if students aren t doirresearch, they should tum off all the above electronics and focus on the task at hand for a set period of time. Theyll find that it is e 84 to concentrate and that homework takes less time.Think activelyGetting homewor

30、k done is the name of the game, but what happens if students are struggling with a question or cant work out an answer? When facing difficulties, it is wise for the student to take a small break, then r 85 to look at the problem again.Get organizedHomework is often the most disorganized part. Whiteh

31、ead recommends, Students should keep all the homework-related things in a bin so they dont waste time s86 for pens orrulers. He also recommends picking the same place to do homework every night, and （when possible） completing homework at a c 87 time each day.静安区/闸北/青浦Many travelers feel nervous abou

32、t going to a new and unfamiliar place. By planning carefully, and being careful enough during your trip, you can relax and enjoy yourself.While you prepare for your journey, make sure that youtravel with proper m 81 insurance, in order that if you are sick or injured during your travels, you will be

33、 able to get treatment （治疗）.Also, be sure to get an international driver slicence （驾照）if you expect to drive yourself while you are travelling a 82. Make sure your paperwork is all in order. You don t want to get to yourdestination and find that you have the wrong visa （ 签证）.Buy a guidebook and read

34、 about the local culture of the country you will be visiting. Also, try to learn a few b 83 words and phrases of the local language to enable you to communicate a bit. Don tjust expect that everyone will speak your language, or that they will understand English.Remember that a tourist will attract a

35、 lot of attention from people. While most of the local people you meet will be friendly and welcoming, there are always difficulties or even d 84 for travelers. Theft is the most common one. Leave expensive cameras and valuable jewelry at home. If you prefer to stay in cheap hotels while traveling,

36、make sure you l 85 the door of your room from inside. If you must travel with a lot of paper money or other valuable things, you should ask your hotel about a safe for s 86 them in. And just as in your home country, do not expect everyone you meet to be honest.If you have trouble in communicating, l

37、ook for students and young people who might speak a foreign language. And finally, remember to smile. It s the frdestliest and ki ofcommunication, and is sure to be understood in any part of the world.闵行区My father will always live in my heart- though he passed away many years ago. My earliest m 81 o

38、f dad is grabbing his hand while we walked together. As I grew older, I remembered my father and me listening to basketball games on the radio. I always fell asleep before the game was over. When I woke up in the morning, the score sheet 偿氏） with the f 82 score on it would be lying next to me. Ill a

39、lways remember that.On cold mornings my father would bring his bread truck by the house. I used to ride on the floor of that bread truck as he delivered the bread to the stores. The smell and the warmth from the bread made my mouth water and kept me warm. Ill always remember that.My father would be

40、present at all my games. One night before an important game my father looked at me s 83 and told me that he wouldnt be able to watch the game because he had to deliver the bread and it was a three-hour drive. The next day as the game drew near I thought about my dad. I happened to look across the fi

41、eld and surprisingly saw his bread truck pulling into the stadium. He m84 to make the game. Ill always remember that.Years later I became a teacher. Ill never forget the v 85 on the phone early one morning telling me dad had just been killed in a traffic accident. I could hear my heart beat in my ea

42、rs. I hung up the phone and went back to my bedroom. After that nothing really mattered to me. I still taught in school but I couldnt focus attention on my teaching. One day I was on the playground when a little boy walked up to me and grabbed my hand. His hand held m86the same way I used to hold my

43、 fathers by the last two fingers. At that moment I found my purpose in life again. Though my father was gone, he left me s 87I started. Ill alwaysremember that!浦东新区Gold is a rare metal with a lovely colour. It is not affected by a 81 or water. Because gold is so soft, it can be make into very thin f

44、lat pieces and very fine thread.Over 5,000 years ago, gold had some special meanings for the ancient Egyptians. They believed that all gold b 82 to their kings, the Pharaohs. In fact, luckily for us, they put many precious gold objects in the palaces with their Pharaohs when they died, and we can se

45、e a lot of them in museums today. The Egyptians had a lot of skill in working with gold; they could make it into sheets so thin that a pile of 35,700 pieces would be only 2.5 cm high. Sheets like this are called gold leaf. Gold leaf is still used today to d 83 furniture and other things.The gold use

46、d to make jewellery is usually mixed with other metals. This not only makes the things c 84, but also harder. People use the word karats to talk about how good the gold is.One carat means one twenty-fourth part of it is made of gold.Because it was not c 85 and therefore had a high value, gold was us

47、ed as money all over the world in the past. Today, we use pieces of paper i 86, but many countries stillkeep bars of gold in the banks. They can change this gold into money by selling it to other countries. About two thirds of all the gold in the world is kept in this way.Gold is found in many parts

48、 of the world, usually deep u 87 the ground. It can also be found in rivers. The sea contains gold too, but it would cost more money to get the gold out of the sea than the gold is worth.普陀区We have heard about people who have special memories. Recently there has been a report about a woman from Aust

49、ralia who can remember almost every single d 81 of all t he events in her daily life.Rebecca Sharrock,25, is one of just 80 people wor ldwide who have been identified as having Highly Superior Autobiographical Memory（超级 自传体t己忆症 ）.It means she can remember every small event which most people would f

50、82 within days as if it had happened just moments ago.“remember my mum placing me in the driver s seat of a car . and taking a picture - of me when I wastwelve years old, “ she said. Thats my e 83 memory. I remember every day since then. I cant tell all the dates e84 because I was too young to under

51、stand calendars, but Iremember what I did that day, what the weather was like and so on.”Rebecca can also re-experience taste. If shes eating something unpleasant, she thinks about Black Forest cake, her favorite food, and the memory will be so p85 that she cannearly taste it.However, there are time

52、s when her memories prove to be painful as it s not just events that she remembers. When I relive（再体验）memories, the feelings r 86 ,too. Rebecca said. For example, I remember falling over when I was three at my grandparents house and hurting my left knee. Talking about it now, I feel painful in my le

53、ft knee. ”At night, I have to sleep with the r 87 and a soft light on, she added. If its too darkor quiet, my mind would be filled with all those memories and I can松江区t sleep.Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents. However, it is not t 81.Communication is a problem fo

54、r parents and children of all ages. If its hard for you to communicate with your parents, dont worry about it. Here is some a 82 for you to bridge the generation gap（代沟）.Don t a 83 with your parents. Dont get to your parents when you are angry. Most likely, your parents wont consider your ideas if y

55、ou shout at them. And you cant express yourself well if you are furious（ 盛怒的）.Go someplace to cool off. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you dont think you can speak to them at the moment, try w 84 a letter.Try to reach a comprom

56、ise （ 妥协）.Sometimes you and your parents disagree on something. You can keep your own o 85 and try to accept each other. Michaels mother didnt agree with him about buying a motorcycle at first. But they finally came to a compromise. Michael bought the motorcycle, but only drove it on certain days.Of

57、 course, your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it is especially important to show love and respect to them. Showing respect will keep your relationship s 86.Talk about your values（f 价值观）.The values of your parents are p 87 different from those of your own. Tell y

58、our parents what you care about, and why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life.A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. It is worth having a try!徐汇区Choosing electronic gifts for teens, which will help them carry out a task they enjoy, such as reading or listening to music, can be difficult. The following are three common electronic gifts you can s 81.Digital（数码的）CameraA digital camera will allow a teenager to capture all of the e 82 that he 0r she attends and give him/her something to look back on as he/she ge