7选5答题技巧专题训练(共15页)

1、七选五做题技巧一.解题技巧：通读全文，了解文章大意。 通读答案，找出和文章相对应的关键词。 根据文章整体结构、具体内容，结合关键词，将选项填入文中。将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。 研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。一、 基本技巧一） 做题步骤1 阅读各个空的前后句，标记关键词在阅读文章的开始部分、明确文章的基本话题以后，要阅读五个空各自的前后句，并将前后句中的解题线索，即关键词标记下来。关键词包括句中的核心名词或名词词组（如带有形容词的名词词组）、专有名词、时间数字、代词、连词等。2 阅读各个选项，尤其是选项的首句，标记关键词3 比较上述两类关键词，确定

2、答案4 将确定的答案代入原文，看读起来是否通顺。二） 判断方法在标记了原文与选项的关键词以后，可以按照下列原则判断原文的空与选项是否匹配：1 词汇衔接正确选项中的关键词一般重复前一句的关键词，也与下一句的关键词相呼应。2 逻辑衔接正确选项与原文空之前的句子在逻辑上是连贯的。例如，前一句使用although，那么正确选项的内容应该与之相反。3 代词衔接正确选项中代词之后的关键词一定在原文的前一句谈论过。例如，如果选项中说this reward，而且这一选项是正确答案，那么原文中的空之前的句中一定出现过reward这个词或它的同义词。二解题策略1)从意思上判断在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子

3、，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，再利用线索特征词等进一步确认答案。 Schedule yearly exams.36 BExperts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check.The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment，including eyegla

4、sses.BEye care should begin early in life.2) 从词汇上锁定线索做题时很重要的一点是保持对一些线索词的敏感，最主要的线索特征词是空白前后的名词和动词，寻找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。其次是代词、数词、表示时间/年代的词、地点/名称等专有名词等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。Self Expression40 G There are many ways to express thoughts and ideasmusic，acting，drawing，building，pho

5、tography.You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.GBeing able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.3)从关联词上查找由于英语的句段之间经常会运用关联词表示衔接和过渡，使文章逻辑更清楚和连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的路标性信号词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索。关于这样的路标性信号词请详见下一节文章段落的语段特征之“连贯性”一部分。在做题时可将这三个层面的线索很好地结合起来。例如，在看到表示

6、并列或递进关系的关联词时，一般表示前后句子的名词或句意具有同指性；而表示转折让步关系的词则往往表示前后句子的名词同指，但句意对立，或褒贬对立或肯否对立；而表示例证关系的词则意味着在举例之前或之后有表述概念或某一观点的句子，往往会有复数名词出现。 75A. They say its boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or anoth

7、er, Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak! A. Some people dont like Muzak.5. 根据试题所在的不同位置确定不同的解题策略1)如果问题在段首(a)通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。(b)与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间

8、会有某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。比如，如果选项中出现时间年代时，往往要注意与原文中年代的前后对应关系。(c)段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。19 A This may surprise you，but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation.It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes

9、 that can work well with your appetite and schedule.The more you learn and the more you try，the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.ATry new things.2)如果问题在段尾(a)空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。(b)通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in s

10、hort, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。 (c)与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。(d)所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。If you listen to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the names of many of the

11、 songs. Some musicians or songwriters dont want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why?73F F. They get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used.1) 词汇同现法词汇同现是指属于同一词汇搭配范畴或者某一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。一般来说，上下文中词汇的范畴越小，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。Your children n

12、eed to be deeply curious. 37 A Ask kids，“What ingredients(配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time？”and then try them out.Did those ingredients make the pancakes better？What could we try next time?AEncourage kids to cook with you.2) 代词线索英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这

13、样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。 Quiet background music used to be called elevator (电梯) music because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a new name Muzak. About one-third of the people in America listen to Muzak everyday. The music plays for 15 minu

14、tes at a time, with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon, when people are more tired.72B B. The music gives them extra energy.3) 数字线索包括具体数字以及和数字相关的词汇诸如ratio, rate等等。作者列出数字，除了和其他数字进行对比和比较之外，还可以用数据来说明一个观点。M

15、usic is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak does what it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the backgrou

16、nd. 74 DSupermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries. D. Factory workers produce 13 percent more.4) 逻辑关系线索(a)并列与递进关系： and, or, also，neithernor,eitheror,likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say ,as well as, the same as,besides, additionally, furthermore, moreover, in additi

17、on to ,what is more例如：If youre involved in too many things, you will put less effort into everything youre doing. And its completely natural to feel unmotivated to do something that you cant put your heart fully into. Doing less takes the stress off your shoulders. _72_D D.Also, it lets you focus on

18、 a few things youre really excited about.(b)因果关系：because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, sothat, consequently, accordingly, due to, thanks to, as a result ,because of ,in that, for this reason, of course例如：Finally，you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved

19、 slowly away.75 G Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.GTherefore，its a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when youre in the daydream zone.(c)转折让步关系：but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, on the other hand, unfortunatel

20、y, while, whereas, unlike, rather than ,instead of, it is true that,of course,although, though, even though, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite of例如：Its perfectly okay to be angry at time（偶尔）- in fact, its important to get angry sometimes. Anger can even be a good thing. When we are treated un

21、fairly, anger can help us stand up for ourselves._2_E_ some people keep their anger buried deep inside. If you do this, you might get a headache or your stomach might start to hurt. You may just feel crummy (糟糕的) about yourself or start to cry. Its not good to hide your anger, so you should find a w

22、ay to let it out without hurting yourself or others. E. But anger must be released in the right way.(d)时间关系：afterwards, at first, at last, finally, first, firstly, in the first place, to start with，in the mean time, last, later, next, second, secondly, then, third, thirdly, to begin with以及一些具体的时间。例如

23、：Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways. 71G Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest. G. First, th

24、e simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it. 三样题讲解(2015全国)Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady，gradual increases in the length of the runs.16，buy the bestfitting，bestbuilt running shoes you can find.No one can say which bran

25、d will work best for you or feel best on your feet，so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right，walk in them for a few days to doublecheck the fit.17.As always，you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to

26、prevent injuries.During the first week，do not think about distance，but run five minutes longer each day.18，it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week，set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.19.After two weeks，start timing yourself.20.Depending on the kind of race you plan

27、 to enter，you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.AAfter six daysBFor a good marathon runnerCBefore you begin your trainingDWith each day，increase the distance by a half mileEIf they still feel good，you can begin running in themFTime spent for preparation raises the qualit

28、y of trainingGNow you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time16答案C解析根据该空后面提供的语境buy the bestfitting，bestbuilt running shoes you can find(购买你能找到的最合适的、最好的跑鞋)可知，这是为了跑马拉松而进行的准备，这应该是在进行马拉松训练之前做的事情，故选C项“Before you begin your training”。17答案E解析由该空前的语境When you have found shoes that seem

29、right，walk in them for a few days to doublecheck the fit.(当你发现似乎合适的鞋子时，穿着走动几天，再次检查其舒适度。)可知，E选项中they指的就是前面提到的shoes，属于指代一致。另外feel good与the fit相对应。故选E。18答案A解析空前的During the first week，do not think about distance，but run five minutes longer each day.(在第一周的时候，不要考虑跑了多远，但是每天都要比前一天多跑5分钟。)提到了the first week，即7

30、天，空格后面说it is wise to take a day off to rest(休息一天是明智的)，这样剩余的就是6天，与A项相关。19答案D解析根据该空格前面提供的语境But during the next week，set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.(但是在接下来的一周，树立每次至少跑1.5英里的目标。)可知，与D项的“每天增加半英里”意义衔接紧密。20答案G解析由该空前的After two weeks，start timing yourself.(两周后，开始给自己计时。)可知，这里的timing与G项中的impro

31、ving distance and time意义相关。(二)(2015北京)This Way to DreamlandDaydreaming means people think about something pleasant，especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing.Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of whats happening around them.They can seem forgetful and clumsy.71

32、They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history.72Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?So how can you come up with br

33、illiant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?First，understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others.Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.73And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea w

34、hile youre daydreaming，try to do it while you are involved in another taskpreferably something simple，like taking a shower or walking，or even making meaningless drawings.Its also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate.“Mindfulness”，being focused，

35、is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.74Finally，you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.75Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.AHaving interesting things to think about also helps.BThey

36、 stare off into space and wander by themselves.CWithout wandering minds，we wouldnt have relativity，Coke or Postit notes.DAt one time，daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.EIt involves slow，steady breathing for selfcontrol that helps people stay calm and attentive.FDaydreams

37、are often very simple and direct，quite unlike sleep dreams，which may be hard to understand.GTherefore，its a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when youre in the daydream zone.71答案B解析本段说的是大众印象中的“做白日梦”有哪些弊端，所以只能从B、D两项中进行选择，再结合此空前后They can.和They annoy.句式结构可确定B项为正确答案。72答案C解析本段讲了“做白日梦”

38、的许多好处。结合空后句中的such ideas and inventions以及选项中的relativity，Coke or Postit notes可以确定C项为正确答案。73答案A解析本段主要讲如何做才能使自己获得“做白日梦”的机会。结合空前的will help和选项中的also helps可知，A项“想一些有趣的事情也有帮助(有助于进入做白日梦的境界)”为正确答案。74答案E解析本段主要讲如何避免不合时宜地“做白日梦”。空前提到“集中注意力是一些人用来避免入睡的一种工具”，E项中的calm and attentive(沉着和专心)与此相符，选项中的it指代mindfulness。75答案

39、G解析根据前一句中.you never know what wonderful idea might strike.可知，此处是建议身边放一个笔记本或一台录音机，以便随时记下或录下你的好想法，所以应选择G项。(三)(2014新课标全国)Tips for Cooking on a Tight ScheduleFrom my experience，there are three main reasons why people dont cook more often：ability，money，and time.16Money is a topic Ill save for another day

40、.So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen.Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule：1Think ahead.The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when Im already hungry and theres nothing ready to eat.So think ahead of the

41、coming week.When will you have time to cook？Do you have the right materials already？172Make your time worth it.When you do find time to cook a meal，make the most of it and save yourself time later on.Are you making one loaf of bread？18It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something

42、.So save yourself the effort for a future meal.319This may surprise you，but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation.It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule.The more you learn and the more you try

43、，the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.Hopefully that gives you a good start.20And dont let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!ATry new things.BAbility is easily improved.CMake three or four instead.DUnderstand

44、 your food better.ECooking is a burden for many people.FLet cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.GA little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.16答案B解析空格前面提到了三个原因：ability，money，time。空格后面提到了money是作者改天再讨论的话题，紧接着后面提到了怎样充分利用时间，所以这里应该与第一项ability有关，因此选择B项(Ability is easil

45、y improved.)，这样就能做到前后呼应。17答案G解析本段的主题句(Think ahead.)就是提前规划，并且段落中出现的信息think ahead of the coming week和后面问的问题都是强调提前进行规划有助于省去将来的大量劳动，与G项的信息一致。18答案C解析结合本段的主题句(Make your time worth it.)可知，要充分利用你的时间，再根据空格前面的one可知，既然做一个也是做，为什么不多做点儿，以备将来之用呢？因此与C项的信息一致。19答案A解析此空需要填一个主题句，它需要概括全段的内容。结合空格后面的信息词surprise，experiment

46、ation，new ideas等可知与A项“尝试新东西”信息一致。20答案F解析结合空格前面的a good start和后面的dont let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes可知，此处与F项的信息，即“让做饭和简单生活成为一种享受，而不是一种负担”一致。四练习题2017年高考 If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping. I would have laughed he

47、artily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36 . The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 37 We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a

48、 long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning. I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 3

49、8 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life. 39 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. Ther

50、e is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains. 40 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.AThis time there was no tent.BThings are going to be im

51、proved.CThe trip they took me on was a rough one.DI was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.EI must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.2016年高考Sec

52、ret codes (密码) keep messages private。Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer. People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating an

53、d reading coded messages is called cryptography. There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.” 38 You might represent each letter with a number, for example, Lets number the letters of the alp

54、habet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 20 13 5.” A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “

55、out” might stand for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” 40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B. In any language, some letters are used more than others

56、. C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them. E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words. G. Anot

57、her way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.(2015全国)Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.36Trust is a risk.But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix t