2022高考英语一轮总复习第二部分语法专题突破专题七定语从句课件北师大版

1、语法专题突破专题七定语从句英英 语语2022内 容 索 引核心考点 课堂突破专项训练 巩固提升 核心考点核心考点 课堂突破课堂突破高考感悟高考感悟.单句填空1.(2020全国卷) .china first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot _it could send signals to the spacecraft and to earth.2.(2020全国卷)in ancient china lived an artist,_ paintings were almost lifelike.3.(2019全国

2、卷)now irene astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in macclesfield,_ she opened with her late husband les.wherewhosewhich4.(2019全国卷)they were well trained by their masters _had great experience with caring for these animals.5.(2018北京卷)she and her family bicycle to work,_helps them kee

3、p fit.whowhich.单句改错1.(2020全国卷)understanding her good intentions,i eat all the food what is provided by mom with appreciation._2.(2020全国卷)thank you for your letter,what really made me happy._3.(2019全国卷)one afternoon where i was in primary school,i was walking by the school playground._4.(2019全国卷)in t

4、he cafe,customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them._5.(2018全国卷)they also had a small pond,which they raised fish._whatthatwhatwhichwherewhenwhatthat/which在which前加in或whichwhere考点归纳考点归纳考点一考点一关系代词与关系关系代词与关系副词副词 关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词who人主语do you know the man who

5、is talking with your mother? whom,which和that在从句中做宾语时,常可以省略,但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略,也不可以用thatwhom 人宾语mr smith is the person with whom i am working.the boy (whom) she loved died in the war.whose人、物定语i like those books whose topics are about history.the boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate.that人、物主语、宾

6、语a plane is a machine that can fly.she is the pop star (that) i want to see very much.which 物主语、宾语the book (which) i gave you was worth $10.the picture which was about the accident was terrible.as人、物主语、宾语he is such a person as is respected by all of us.this is the same pen as i lost yesterday.as做宾语一

7、般不省略关系词 先行词从句成分 例句备注关系副词when 时间时间状语i will never forget the day when we met there.可用on which替换where 地点地点状语 this is the house where i was born. 可用in which替换why原因原因状语i cant imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.可用for which替换注意1.当先行词为way,意为“方法、方式”,且在定语从句中做主语、宾语时,可用关系代词which或that;做状语时,要用in which

8、 或that或不填任何关系词。the way (that/in which) he finished the task successfully was difficult to understand.(做状语)the way(that/which) he explained to me was not difficult to understand.(做宾语)2.当先行词为time时,若表示“一段时间”,后面定语从句用when引导,也可用at/during which;若表示“次数”,后面定语从句用that引导,that可以省略。there was a time when we had no

9、 tv sets.this is the second time(that) the president has visited our country.考点二考点二that与与which,who,whom的用法的用法区别区别 情况用法说明例句只用that的情况1.先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much等不定代词时2.先行词被all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修饰时3.先行词有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时4.先行词既指人又指物时5.先行词被the only,the very修饰时6.句中已

10、经有who或which,为了避免重复时he told me everything that he knows.all the books that you offered have been given out.this is the best film that i have ever read.we talked about the persons and things that we remembered.he is the only man that i want to see.who is the man that is making a speech?情况用法说明例句只用which

11、,who,whom的情况1.在非限制性定语从句中,只能用which指代物,用who/whom指人2.在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,只能用which指物,whom指人3.先行词本身是that时,关系词用which,先行词为those,one, ones时多用whohe has a son,who has gone abroad for further study.i like the person to whom the teacher is talking.those who respect others are usually respected by others.考点三考点三限

12、制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别区别 类别语法意义及特征例句限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用,如果去掉,主句意思就不完整明确,这种从句与主句的关系十分密切,写时不用逗号分开the accident happened at the time when i left.非限制性定语从句对先行词作附加的说明,与主句的关系不是十分密切,较松散。从句和主句之间用逗号分开,相当于一个插入语,不能用that引导,关系代词做宾语时也不能省略his mother,whom he loved deeply,died ten years ago.考点四考点四as与与which

13、的的区别区别 定语从句 区别例句限制性定语从句中名词前有such和the same修饰时,关系代词用as,不能用whichhe is not such a fool as he looks.dont read such books as you cant understand.非限制性定语从句中as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如,像”的含义,并可以放在主句前,也可以放在后面,那么用as;而which引导的从句只能放主句后,指代主句中某物或整个句子所表达的内容they won the game,as we had expected.they won the game,which

14、 we hadnt expected.as is well known,he was a famous film star in the 1980s.注意as多用于下列习惯用语中:as anybody can see正如大家能看到的那样as we had expected正如我们所预料的那样as often happens正如经常发生的那样as has been said before如之前所述as is mentioned above正如上面所提到的考点五考点五定语从句与同位语从句的定语从句与同位语从句的区别区别 that引导同位语从句时,在从句中不作任何成分,而that引导定语从句时则充当

15、主语、宾语或表语等成分dont you forget the promise (that) you made?he makes a promise that he will make you very rich if you work with him.what,whether和how不可以引导定语从句,但可以引导同位语从句there is some doubt whether she will be dismissed from school.定语从句前面的名词既可以是具体名词,也可以是抽象名词;而同位语从句所修饰的词一般是抽象名词,从句说明该名词所指的具体内容the patient acc

16、epted the advice that smoking should be given up.(同位语从句)this is the advice which was given by tom.(定语从句)专项训练专项训练 巩固提升巩固提升 .单句填空1.she brought with her three friends,none of _i had ever met before.2.it was on the farm _we worked that i got to know her.3.a person _e-mail account is full wont be able to

17、 send or receive any e-mails.4.you should read only such books _you can understand without much difficulty.5.today,well discuss a number of cases _beginners of english fail to use the language properly.whomwherewhoseaswhere6.the reason _he wants to sell his house is that he needs a lot of money for

18、his operation.7.eric received training in computer for one year,after _he found a job in a big company.8.she was pleased with the way _he had accepted her criticism.9.we shouldnt spent our money testing so many people,most of _are healthy.at the age _other people retire,francis began the greatest ca

19、use in his life.10.they talked of things and persons _they remembered in the school.whywhichthatwhom whenthat.单句改错1.this is the longest train which i have ever seen._2.which we all know,swimming is a very good sport._3.the radio set which i bought it last week has gone wrong._4.the day will come whi

20、ch the people all over the world will win liberation._5.he is a man of great experience,from who much can be learned._whichthatwhichas去掉itwhichwhenwhowhom6.chapin,for who money is now no problem,starts a new film company with his friends._7.it was a meeting that importance i didnt realize at that ti

21、me._8.they have decided to stay at home,that is,i think,a wise choice._9.ill tell you all what he told me last week._10.his parents wouldnt let him marry anyone whom family was poor._whowhomthatwhosethatwhichwhatthatwhomwhose.语法填空the books on the desks,1._covers are shiny,are prizes for us.the book

22、is well written and well printed.there are few,if any,mistakes in it.this is the book 2._i have read dozens of times.when you read the book,youd better make a mark 3. _you have any questions.from this experience i have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge 4. _ helps us to seek the truth.who

23、sethat/whichwherethat/whichthe book has helped me greatly in my daily communication,especially at work 5._a good impression is a must.i am looking forward to the day 6._ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.i borrowed another book from the library last week,7. _my classmate recommended to me.to be honest,i don really like the author.it is not such a book 8. _can be considered exciting.besides,i just cant understand the way 9._he describes things,which might be