中考英语介词复习PPT课件

1、一一. .表示时间介词表示时间介词三三. .表示方位介词表示方位介词二二. .表示地点介词表示地点介词四四. .表示方法、手段表示方法、手段五五. .常见介词的搭配常见介词的搭配第1页/共50页prepositiontimeplacemovementusages 介词 + 名./ 代. (宾格)/ 动词-ing第2页/共50页2010Marchspringthe morningthe futurenightthe age of 19first/lastthe momentMondayMarch 5March 5th,2010Monday morningholidayChildrens Dayi

2、nonat Prepositions of time 时间介词第3页/共50页Conclusion: 总结 表示较长时间如：世纪、年代表示较长时间如：世纪、年代 、年份、年份、月份、季节、上午月份、季节、上午/ /下午下午/ /晚上以及一些晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词习惯用法中要用介词inin。 inthe 19th century; 2010; March; spring; the morning; the future 第4页/共50页 表示某一时间点如：钟点、节日、年龄、表示某一时间点如：钟点、节日、年龄、中午中午/ /夜晚夜晚/ /子夜、就餐时间或其它的习子夜、就餐时间或其它的习惯用

3、法中要用惯用法中要用atat。 at 7.30; the age of 19; noon/ night/ midnight; lunchtime; first/ last； at Christmas第5页/共50页onMonday; March 5th; March 5th, 2010; Childrens Day; a cold morning; holiday 表示某一天或者特定的时间如：星期、某表示某一天或者特定的时间如：星期、某月某日、某年某月某日、月某日、某年某月某日、含含DayDay的节日的节日、有修饰上午有修饰上午/ /下午下午/ /晚上以及一些习惯用法晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用

4、介词中要用介词 onon。 第6页/共50页1. Mary is flying to France soon. She will arrive in Paris _ the morning of July 9. A. on B. in C. at2. The twins were born _ a Friday evening. A. in B. on C. at3. We travelled overnight to Paris and arrived _5 oclock _ the morning. A. on, in B. at, in C. at, in4. We finish our

5、 lessons _ 11:30 and then have a rest _ noon. A. in , in B. at ,at C. in, at第7页/共50页2. 1. Mr Brown has gone to Canada. He will be back _ two weeks. A. for B. after C. in 2. Our manager came back _ an hour. A. in B. after C. at 3. They have been here _ an hour. A. for B. after C. in在在之后（内）之后（内）用于将来时用

6、于将来时in + 时间段时间段在在之后之后 用于过去时用于过去时 after +时间段时间段第8页/共50页3. for + 时段 since + 时段 + ago since + 时间点 since + 一般过去时句子常用于现在完成时1.He came here _ 1992, and he has lived here _ 1992. A. in, for B. in , since C. since, since2.I have known Li Lei _ over five years. A. in B. since C. for第9页/共50页3. It has been thre

7、e years since he _ here. A. come B. came C. comes4. The old man has been away _ two years ago. A. in B. since C. for第10页/共50页5.They havent seen Alice _ last year.6. Alice has been in Wonderland _ one month.sincefor第11页/共50页4. before 在之前 by 到时为止,不迟于1.He wont come back _ five . A. before B. after C. b

8、y2.The work must be finished _ Friday. A. at B. by C. after3.We had three meetings _ last Friday. A. in B. before C. by 第12页/共50页表示持续一段时间用介词表示持续一段时间用介词for: for段时间段时间 表示表示“自自以来以来”, ,从过去某一时刻到现在从过去某一时刻到现在, ,用介词用介词since,用于现在完成时。用于现在完成时。 表示从一点时间到另一点时间的一个阶段用表示从一点时间到另一点时间的一个阶段用介词介词from to 。 表示表示“在在的期间的期间”要

9、用介词要用介词during, during表示在特定的时间里。表示在特定的时间里。 表示某动作或者状态延续到某一时间终止表示某动作或者状态延续到某一时间终止, ,用介词用介词till / until。until可用于句首可用于句首,而而till通通常不用于句首常不用于句首, 不可延续的则用不可延续的则用 not untilConclusion:第13页/共50页1.Alice _ go to bed_11 p.m. last night2. Wait here _ the rain stops.3._get off the bus _ it stops.untiluntildidntuntil

10、Dont第14页/共50页1.They often have parties _ Christmas.2.They plan to go to Hainan _ vacation.3._the morning _ March 31,she made an important decision in her life.Fill in the blanks:atonOn4.He swims every day _ the summer.5.It has rained _ the day before yesterday.6.It was a very long day for Jack. He d

11、idnt get home from school _ six oclock. sinceduringuntilof第15页/共50页二二. .地点介词地点介词 1.on 在在的上面的上面,与表面接触与表面接触 over 在在的正上方的正上方,不接触表面不接触表面 under 在在下面下面(是是on, over的反义词的反义词)1.Look!There is a bridge _the river. A. on B. over C. above2.Can you see the egg _ the plate? A. on B. in C. over3.The light_ us is ver

12、y bright. A. over B. under C. on 第16页/共50页2. above 在在上方上方 below 在在下方下方,是是above的反义词的反义词1. The temperature will fall_ zero at night. A. below B. above C. over2.Suddenly there is a loud voice _ the tree. A. below B. above C. on3.There is a clock on the wall. Its _ the blackboard. A. on B. in C. above第1

13、7页/共50页3. in + 大地方大地方 at + 小地方小地方 on +门牌，某层楼门牌，某层楼1.My uncle live _ F12 _the fifth floor. A. at, on B. in, on C. on, at2.They arrived _Beijing at 12:00 and waited for a bus _ the station to the hotel. A. at, in B. in, on C. in, at第18页/共50页 4. in front of 是在物体是在物体外部外部的前面的前面 例如例如: 教室前有个花园。教室前有个花园。 e.g

14、. There is a garden in front of the classroom. in the front of 是在物体是在物体内部内部的前面的前面 例如例如: 教室前有张桌子。教室前有张桌子。 e.g. There is a desk in the front of the classroom.第19页/共50页 at一般指小地方；一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围内。一般指大地方或某个范围内。 over, above和和on均表示均表示“在在上面上面”, ,over反反义词是义词是under; above反义词是反义词是below; on指两个指两个物体表面有物体表面有

15、接触接触。 in front of 表示表示“在在前面前面”, , 其反义词是其反义词是behind; ; in the middle of 表示表示“在在的中间的中间” ” 。 between表示在表示在两者之间两者之间, , among表示表示“在在中中”数目为三者或三者以上数目为三者或三者以上, , around表示围绕在四周。表示围绕在四周。 beside表示表示“在在旁边旁边”, , inside表示表示“在在内内”, , outside表示表示“在在外外” ” 。 Conclusion: near/by/next to表示表示“在在旁边旁边” 。 opposite/ across

16、from表示表示“在在对面对面” 。 第20页/共50页1.Mary sits _ (在附近) the window. 2.She is sitting _ (在中间) Betty and Tom.3.Yao Ming is a popular basketball player _ (在之中) the Chinese people.4.Our teacher is standing _ (在前面) the blackboard.Fill in the blanks: betweenamongnear/in front ofby5.My teacher says the earth moves

17、 _ (围绕) the sun.6.There is a shop _ (在对面) our school. aroundopposite/across from第21页/共50页1.in 在某范围之内在某范围之内 to 在某范围之外在某范围之外 on 与某地相邻、接壤与某地相邻、接壤 1.China lies _the east of Asia and _the north of Australia. A. in, on B. in ,to C. to, in 2.Mongolia is _the north of China. A. in B. on C. to三三. .方位介词方位介词第2

18、2页/共50页三组表示位置关系的介词比较 B is _ the east of A. D is _ the east of A. C is _ the east of A.1. Japan is _ the east of Asia.2. Japan is _ the east of China.3. Korea is _ the northeast of China. northsouthwesteastABCDintoonintoon第23页/共50页Task 3: Run quickly!throughacrossupdownoverround四、Prepositions of move

19、ment 运动介词运动介词横穿横穿从内部穿过从内部穿过第24页/共50页 cross 表面穿过表面穿过 through 中间穿过中间穿过 1.The sunshine come into the room _ the window. A. across B. through C. past 2.You can go _ the road here. A. across B. through C. past 3.Can you swim _ the river. A. across B. through C. past第25页/共50页 up 表示表示“向上向上”, ,其反义词其反义词 down

20、 表示表示“向向下下”。 along 表示表示“沿着沿着” ” 。 into 表示进入的过程表示进入的过程; onto 为放上去的过程为放上去的过程; out of 为为“在在外部外部” ” 。 over 表示表示“越过越过,跨过跨过”。 Conclusion: from 表示表示“ “ 从从, ,自自”; ;to 表示表示“向向,往往,到到” ” 。 off 表示表示“脱离脱离, ,不触及不触及”。l round 表示表示“环绕环绕,围绕围绕”。第26页/共50页1.Millie is walking _ the road. (沿着)2.Simon is swimming _ the poo

21、l. (横穿)3.Eddie is jumping _ the chair. (越过)4.A train is going _ the tunnel. (穿过) 5.Kitty is climbing _ the hill. (向上)6.Amy is walking _ the sofa _ the window. (从.到.)7.Sandy is going _ the library. (去) 8.Gogo is walking _ the table. (环绕着)Fill in the blanks:alongthroughacrossoverupfromtotoround第27页/共5

22、0页1.We could not make great progress in our English _ our teachers help.2.I paid one hundred _ the English-Chinese dictionary. 3.He spends about two hours _ his homework every day.4.He didnt go to school because _ illness. 5.If they dont give us candies, we will play a trick _ them.Fill in the blank

23、s:withoutofforonon没有没有的帮助的帮助付款付款在在上花费上花费因为因为对对恶作剧恶作剧第28页/共50页Correct:1. In the beginning of the film, there was a party. 2.Guangdong province is on the east of China. 3. There is an old stone bridge above the river.4. She hid herself after the tree. 5. Alice visited the old man in Sunday afternoon.6

24、. Shell leave London to China. onforAtbehindoverin第29页/共50页6.He suddenly returned _. (在一个寒冷的雨夜)7.More and more people like to sleep _. (窗户开着)8.He will be back _.(三天后)Fill in the blanks:in three dayson a cold rainy day with the windows open第30页/共50页Multiple choice:1. Wheres Alice? We are all here _ h

25、er. A. besides B. about C. except D. with2. She sent her friend a card a present. A. on B. as C. for D. of3. The film is directed _ Tim Burton. A. to B. for C. as D. by 4. Alice was late _ the party. A. for B. to C. with D. of5. She had been waiting _ 10 years. A. with B. for C. of D. at6. Alice is

26、the girl _ blue. A. with B. of C. in D. on_第31页/共50页五五. .表方式、方法、手段表方式、方法、手段1. in 用材料、语言用材料、语言2. with 用工具、某物用工具、某物3. by 用方式、方法、手段用方式、方法、手段 1.My mother often go to work _ bike. A. in B. on C. by 2.If you are able to get the tickets tomorrow, please tell me _ phone. A. through B. by C. on 第32页/共50页3.Th

27、e teacher is writing on the paper _ red ink and the blackboard _a piece of chalk. A. with, with B. in ,with C. with ,in4.Can you say it _ English? A. in B. with C. by5.You can get some information _ the computer. A. in B. on C. by第33页/共50页1.between 在两者之间在两者之间 among 在在当中（三者或以上当中（三者或以上） during 在在期间期间

28、1.Some supermarkets open _ 8:30 and1.Some supermarkets open _ 8:30 and 8:00 p.m._ the Mid-Autumn Day. 8:00 p.m._ the Mid-Autumn Day. A. at, during B. between, during C. between, in 2.They lived _ the mountains in the past. A. among B. between C. during 3.Dont sit _ the two girls. A. among B. between

29、 C. during六六. .其它介词其它介词第34页/共50页2.except 除除之外，不包括之外，不包括 besidesbesides 除除之外，还包括之外，还包括 1.Everyone passed the exam _ Tom. A. besides B. except C. for 2. _ Mr Li, five teachers went to the meeting. A. Besides B. Except C. Beside第35页/共50页3.常见的介词搭配常见的介词搭配Its very nice of you to help me.Its very good for

30、you to do exercise.the answer (key) to the question (lock)be famous forbe famous asbe made of be made fromon timein time第36页/共50页1.write with a pen, cut with a knife, lock with a key _使用工具用介词 with2. see with our eyes, do with our hands, smell with our noses, eat with our mouths _使用器官用介词 withPreposit

31、ions of ways第37页/共50页3. in English , in French , in your own words, in three languages _4. in a loud voice, in a low voice _5. in this way, in these ways , by this means _使用语言用介词 in使用声音用介词 in使用方法用介词 in 或 by第38页/共50页6.by bike, by bus, by train, by plane, by ship, by car (on foot) by land 陆路，by road 陆

32、路 by sea 水路，by air 空运 _使用交通工具用 by但：on the bike, on a bus, on a train, on the plane, on the ship, in the car第39页/共50页 be made of 从成品上看得出的材料 be made from从成品上看不出的原料 be made in产地 be made by制造者 It is said that this kind of cloth is made of silk and it is made in China. 据说这种布料是由丝绸制成的并且由中国制造。 This wine is

33、made from grapes. 这酒是葡萄酿的。 This machine is made by Uncle Wang. 这机器是王伯伯制造的。第40页/共50页介词和动词的固定搭配。(1)同一动词和不同介词的搭配：look at (看) look for(找)look after(照顾) look over(检查)look out of (朝外面看)look (a)round(环视)arrive in大地方(到达)arrive at小地方(到达)hear of (听说)hear from(收到的来信)spend钱on sth.(花钱做某事)spend时间(in) doing sth.(花

34、时间做某事)第41页/共50页(2)同一介词和不同动词的搭配：ask for (要求)leave for (动身去)send for (派人去请)pay for (付钱)wait for (等待)agree with sb (同意某人)begin with (以开始)help with (在方面帮助)catch up with (赶上)get on/along with (与相处)make friends with (与交朋友)第42页/共50页(3)其他的介词和动词的搭配：listen to (听)come from (来自)fall off (从上摔下)try out (试验)knock

35、at/on (敲)prefer.to. (比起来还是好)learn by oneself (自学)take care of (照顾)stop.(from)doing (阻止做)help oneself to食物 (随便吃)get to (到达)Thanks to (多亏，由于)第43页/共50页介词和形容词的常见搭配：be good at (在方面好)be weak in (在方面差)be good for (对有好处)be bad for (对有坏处)be late for (迟到)be sorry for (为遗憾，抱歉)be full of (充满)be busy with (忙于)be

36、 angry with (对某人生气)be afraid of (害怕)be interested in (对感兴趣)be different from (与不同)be strict with sb. in sth.(在某事上对某人严格)be fond of (喜爱)第44页/共50页1.1.害怕害怕2.2.对对惊讶惊讶3.3.生气生气4.4.对对兴奋兴奋5.5.对对满意满意6.6.以以著名著名7.7.充满了充满了8.8.擅长擅长9.9.对对感兴趣感兴趣10.10.迟到迟到11.11.与与不同不同 be afraid of be amazed at be angry with be excited about be pleased with be famous for be filled with