Module2Book2NoDrugs词汇

1、Module 2 No Drugsdrug /drg/ n. C毒品；药物，药材；运动禁药；成瘾性物质 take drugs吸毒bronchitis /brkats/ n. U支气管炎cancer /kæns/ n. C, U癌（症）；弊病，社会恶习cigarette /sgret/ n. C香烟tobacco /tbæk/ n. U烟草addict /ædkt/ n. C吸毒上瘾的人；对入迷的人 addicted /dktd/ adj. 有瘾的，上瘾的（to）；对痴迷的，沉迷于的（to）be addicted to对沉迷；对上瘾addictive /dktv/

2、adj. 使人成瘾的；使人入迷/沉溺的 addiction /dkn/ n. C, U瘾；入迷，嗜好cannabis /kænbs/ n. U大麻cocaine /kken/ n. U可卡因danger /dend/ n. U危险C, U（坏事发生的）可能性，危险C威胁in danger (of) 在（）危险中out of danger脱离危险There is no danger of sth某事不可能发生dangerous /dendrs/ adj. 危险的，有害的；可能引起麻烦的It is dangerous to do 做是危险的inject /ndekt/ vt. 注射；增加

3、（气氛、兴趣等）；投入（资金、设备等） injection /ndekn/ n. C, U注射C资金注入needle /nidl/ n. C缝衣针；注射针；（仪器）指针；（针灸用的）针；（松等的）针叶power /pa/ n. U 权力，权势，势力；政权；影响力，感染力；能，动力；力量，威力；电，电力 C, U权利，权威；能力，本领 C强国 vt. （一般用被动式）给（车辆或机器）提供动力，以动力驱动vi. 飞速行驶in power 当权come / rise to power上台 take power执政 have power over sth. 对有控制权powerful /pafl/ a

4、dj. 有权势的；强有力的，有影响力/感染力的；（感情）强烈的，（效果）巨大的；（机器、武器等）功率大的，效能大的；（人）强壮的，强健的；猛烈的，有力的；（药物）强效的；（球队、军队等）强大的reduce /rdjus/ vt. 缩小，减少，降低reduce byreduce fromtoreduce sb to tears / silence使某人流泪/沉默reduce sb to doing sth迫使某人做某事，使某人沦落到做某事的程度reduce sth to ashes / ruins把化为灰烬/夷为平地reduce sth to sth简化reduction /rdkn/ n. C

5、, Unearby adj. /nba/ 附近的 adv. /nba或nba/ 在附近burglary /bglri/ n. C, U入室盗窃（罪） burglar /bgl/ n. C（入室）盗窃者 burglarize /bglraz/ vt.（=英burgle /bgl/）闯入行窃crime /kram/ n. U（泛指）犯罪活动 C罪，罪行 commit a crime犯罪criminal /krmnl/ adj. 犯罪的，犯法的；刑事的，与犯罪有关的；罪过的，可耻的n. C罪犯connect /knekt/ vt. 连接（to / with）；联系；给接通电话（to）vt. &

6、; vi. 连接，接通（to）vi. （火车、航班等）衔接（to / with） connect to / with 把和连接起来 be connected with与有关系connection /knekn/ n. C（事物间的）联系，关联C, U连接，接通；（pl）人际关系，人脉 make a connection with与建立关系in connection with与有关；关于connected /knektd/ adj. 连接的，相连的；相关的，关联的connector / knekt/ n. C连接器；连接物illegal /ligl/ adj. 违法的ratio /rei/ n.

7、 C（两个数量间的）比，比例，比率shoplifting /plft/ n. U在商店行窃shoplift vi.treat /trit/ vt. 对待，看待；把视为/看作；治疗；请客，款待，招待；处理n. C款待，招待，给某人的特别待遇；意外的乐事，幸事；（不常吃的）美味食物；my treat我来付钱，我请客treatment /tritmnt/ n. C, U治疗，疗法；（针对某主题的）讨论，论述；处理U对待，待遇 be under treatment接受治疗likely /lakli/ adj. 可能的，可能发生的，可能是真的adv. 大概，很可能 be likely to do / b

8、e可能会It is likely that可能会(as) likely as not很可能Not likely!才不呢！不可能！（表示强烈反对或断言某事不可能发生）adult /ædlt, dlt/ n. C成人；成年动物 adj. 成年的，发育成熟的；老成的，成熟的；（电影、杂志等）仅限成人的café /kæfe/ n. C咖啡馆，小餐馆disagree /dsgri/ vi. 反对，不同意，有分歧（with）；（陈述、数字、报道等）互不相符，不一致；（食物、气候）（对某人）有不良影响，使（某人）身体不适（with） disagree about /on / o

9、ver sth. 在上不一致 sb. disagree with sb. 与某人意见不一致 disagreeable /dsgribl/ adj. 令人不快的，不合意的，讨厌的；不友好的，脾气坏的disagreement /dsgrimnt/ n. C, U意见不合，分歧，争论U（陈述、数字、报道等）互不相符，不一致ban /bæn/ vt. 禁止，取缔n. C禁令，禁止（on） ban sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 a ban on smoking禁止吸烟horror /hr/ n. U惊恐，震惊C令人惊恐的事in horrorwith horrorto

10、sbs horrorhorrify /hrfa/ vt. 使震惊，使害怕，使毛骨悚然horrifying adj. 令人极其震惊的horrible /hrbl/ adj. 糟糕的，令人不快的，极讨厌的；可怕的，吓人的，令人恐惧的；粗鲁的，不友好的 horribly adv. affect /fekt/ vt. 影响；打动，使感动；假装 affection /fekn/ n. U喜爱，慈爱，挚爱affectionate /feknt/ adj. 表示爱的，深情的（towards）effect /fekt/ n. C, U效应，作用，结果；have an effect onparticipant

11、/ptspnt/ n. C参加者，参与者（in）participate /ptspet/ vi. 参加，参与（in）participation /ptspen/ n. U参加，参与（in）recognize /rekgnaz/ vt. 认出，认识，辨认出；正式承认，认可；承认（某事是事实）；赏识；表扬，表彰 recognition /rekgnn/ n. C, U认识，认出；承认；表彰，赞扬；正式承认leaflet /liflt/ n. C散页印刷品；传单；单页广告distraction /dstrækn/ n. C, U使人分心的事物distract /dstrækt/

12、vt.分散注意力，使分心distract sb / sth from sthdistracting adj.distracted adj. 心神不定的，心烦意乱的，精神无法集中的jogging n. U慢跑锻炼 jog /dg/ vi. & n.（为锻炼）慢跑 jogger /dg/ n. C 慢跑锻炼者gymnastic /dmnæstk/ adj. 体操的 gymnastics /dmnæstks/ n. U体操 gymnast /dmnæst/ n. C体操运动员Page 11a presentation on on表示presentation的内容

13、facts about about表示facts的内容背诵：During the 1990s 21 million people died as a result of smoking cigarettes.during / in the 1990s / 1990s在二十世纪九十年代背诵：A quarter of young people who smoke more than 10 cigarettes a day will die prematurely as a result of smoking.premature /premt, premtj, premtj/ adj. 过早的，提早

14、的；（婴儿）早产的；（做事）过早的，过快的，仓促的，草率的，不成熟的 prematurely adv. mature /mtj/ adj. 成年的，成熟的；（小孩、年轻人的举止）成熟的，理智的，明白事理的cause /kz/ vt. 导致，引起，使发生n. C起因，原因；事业；诉讼案件n. U理由，缘由cause somethingcause something for somebodycause somebody trouble/problemscause somebody/something to do somethingdeath n. U死亡；（喻）终结，毁灭n. C死亡事件，死亡人数

15、 to death（强调感觉或情绪的强烈）极度，要命；精疲力竭，没完没了背诵：Thirteen people die every hour from illnesses related to smoking tobacco, such as cancerdie vi. 死亡；消失，不复存在die of / from死于die for为献出生命die away（声音、风、光）慢慢变弱，逐渐消失die out绝迹，灭绝relate /rlet/ vt. 把联系起来，证明有联系；讲述vi. 联系，有联系（to）relate sth to sth把和联系起来，证明和有联系relate sth to s

16、b向某人讲述relate to与有联系relating to prep. 有关，涉及related, relation, relationship, relative, relativity参见Module 2 Book 1。such as像，诸如，例如（用于举例）Where cant they smoke? cant表示“不许”。You cant park hereits a no parking zone.Can we go home now, please?No you cant.anti-反对；相反物，对立面；防（止）antinuclear反核的 ,anti-American反美的,

17、antimatter反物质, antifreeze防冻的advertise /ædvtaz/ vt. &vi. （为）做广告（宣传）；（在报刊、海报上）征聘，公布advertisement /dvtsmnt, 美ædvtazmnt/ n. C（简做ad）广告，启事advertiser n. C登广告者，广告商advertising n. U广告（业）Page 12look up（在书，计算机等中）查阅，查找；（形势）好转，改善articles aboutabout表示articles的内容pressure /pre/ n. U挤压，压力；压力，压强；气压；（喻）（政

18、治、经济、生活、工作等）压力 press vt. 按，压，挤vi. 挤着走vt. & vi. 极力劝说，敦促，催促n. U 按，压；出版社，印刷厂；the press新闻界；新闻报道，舆论break into闯入（某处行窃）；打入，进入，参与（新工作、新行业）；突然起来break into a smile / a songdeal /dil/ vi. (dealt /delt/, dealt) 买卖毒品n. C（生意、政治）协议 deal in sth经营，买卖（某物）deal with对付，应付，处理；（书、演讲等）涉及，论及，探讨（某个主题）；和（某人）做生意make / do a

19、 deal达成协议Its a deal. 成交（表示同意做某事）a great / good deal adv. 修饰形容词或副词的比较级a great / good deal of + 不可数名词，意思是“许多，大量”。dealer n. C商人，经销商；毒品贩子attack n. C袭击，进攻，攻击，冲击（on）；抨击，非难，责骂（on）；（疾病）突然发作；（情绪的）一阵侵袭vt. & vi. 进攻；袭击，殴打，破坏vt. 抨击，责难rate n. C比率，率；费用，价格；速度，速率at a rate以速度at any rate不管怎样，无论如何increase vt. &

20、 vi. /nkris/ 增加，增大，提高 n. C, U /nkris/ 增加，增长，增多 be on the increase正在增加used to （后跟动作动词）过去经常/一直；（后跟状态动词）过去曾经buyfrom从买offer vt. 提出（要给某物），提供，自愿给（offer sb sth, offer sth to sb）；愿意（做某事）（offer to do sth）；给与（offer sth, offer sth to sb）；出（价），开（价）（offer (sb) sth for sth） n. C（愿为某人做某事或愿给某人某物的）提议，提供；出价，开价，报价some

21、others有的有的share vt. & vi. 共享，共用，合用（share sth with sb）；向别人诉说（想法、秘密、问题等）vt. （与别人）分享（自己的东西）（share sth with sb）；（在若干人之间）分配（share sth between / among sb）；分担（责任），分摊（费用）；共同拥有（某种看法、特质、经历等）n. C股份；（某人应得或应负担的）一份theme n. C（文章、演讲、电影等的）主题；主调，主旋律；特定的风格；purpose n. C目的，意图（of）；with / for the purpose of为了on purpos

22、e故意（地），有意（的）Page 13belong vi.（不用于进行时）应在（某处），适合（某种情况）；（人）（在某地方或某情形中）能适应，感到自在Put the chair back where it belongs.an attitude that doesn't belong in modern societyI worked there for five years but never really felt I belonged. belong to（物）属于（某人）；（人）是的成员，属于（某团体或组织）；与（某物）有关，是的一部分；与（某人）有关ask sb for st

23、h向某人要某物steal (stole, stolen) vt. & vi. 偷，窃（steal sth from sb）；剽窃，窃取vi. 悄悄地移动rob vt. 抢劫，抢夺，打劫（rob sb of sth）rob sb / sth of sth使丧失，剥夺表示数量的词 + more + n（more意思是“另外的，其他的”）many more studentsmuch more waterthree more chairsthe next day第二天the next指上文中提到的那个时间的第二个或下一个next指说话时的第二个或下一个the next year / next

24、yearI could die if I didnt stopcould表示（过去）可能take sbs advice接受某人的建议take意思是“接受（某人给的东西、提议等）”。take the jobtake a new patient背诵：Now I work in a centre for drug addicts, helping others to stop taking drugs.for表示“为，以帮助”helping others to stop taking drugs是现在分词短语做伴随状语。其逻辑主语就是句子的主语I（I发出这个动作）。现在分词短语helping oth

25、ers to stop taking drugs表示的动作与谓语所表示的动作work同时发生。谓语动词work表示主要动作，现在分词短语helping others to stop taking drugs表示一个伴随动作。现在分词（词组）作伴随状语其逻辑主语（关系词发出者或承受者）就是句子的主语。现在分词（词组）表示的动作与谓语所表示的动作同时发生。谓语动词表示主要动作，现在分词（词组）表示一个伴随动作。不能转换成状语从句，但可以转换成并列句。如： The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily. =The chi

26、ldren laughed and talked merrily, and they ran out of the room. 那些孩子们跑出房间，愉快地笑着、说着。They stood by the roadside, watching the parade.The students ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.They sat at the window reading.She stood there waiting in the rain for him to come.I wrote Bill, thanking

27、him for his help.makes your heart go slowlymake意思是“使得”，后跟宾语，然后跟宾补。回忆第一册第一课make me feel goodPage 14语法：动词不定式表示目的动词不定式（词组）作目的状语可以位于句末，亦可位于句首以示强调（是区别于其它功能的标志之一），其逻辑主语（关系词发出者或承受者）通常就是句子的主语。He went home to see his mother. To get the best result, use clean water. 有时候不定式做目的状语还是宾语或其它不好区分。可在前加in order，so as检验

28、。He agreed to amuse the children.下列三种情况下，不定式有自己的表示出来或未表示出来的逻辑主语（关系词发出者或承受者）：由for引导出逻辑主语（关系词发出者或承受者）。He opened the door for the children to come in.跟在bring, send等动词 + 宾语之后的不定式作目的状语时，宾语就是其逻辑主语（关系词发出者或承受者）。He brought a porter to carry the bags.They sent a man to mend the window.不定式是被动态时。I took my shoes

29、 to be mended.He stood up to be seen better.表示强调时可在动词不定式前加in order，so as（不能用于句首），on purpose等。Well sit in the front row in order / so as / on purpose to hear better.动词不定式否定式表目的前面必须加in order或so as。We took a taxi so as / in order not to be late.动词不定式前可加for sb.引出其逻辑主语（关系词发出者或承受者）。for sb.前还可加in order。He

30、shouted loudly for all to hear. He shouted loudly in order for all to hear. come / go and do结构中的and do表示目的，该结构相当于come / go to do，常用于祈使句或陈述句，口语中and可略。Go (and) tell the children to stop shouting.Ill go (and) get some e / go and do 用过去时态时，and do表示结果。I went and got some cigarettes.背诵：Teach

31、er Wang is to meet us this afternoon.动词不定式（词组）作表语 主语和表语都是不定式（词组）时，其含义往往是主语表示条件，表语表示结果。例如：To see is to believe.To decide is to act.To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.To do it is to ruin yourself.To criticize them is to make enemies.主语是以aim，ambition，duty，hope，idea，intention, mistake，

32、plan，purpose，suggestion等名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，后面的不定式（词组）作表语说明其内容。例如：My idea is to climb the mountain from the north.Your mistake was to write that letter.Our plan is to make better use of these medicinal herbs.What I would suggest is to start work at once.不定式（词组）做表语时常带to，但当主语部分有do的某种形式时，可省略to。如：All I di

33、d was empty the bottle.All you do is talk about cars.The only thing I can do now is go on by myself.What I really wanted to do was drive all night.动词不定式（词组）作表语表示事态发展的结果（已发生了什么），预期的结果（不得不发生什么），不幸的命运或预言：The discovery was to have a major effect on the treatment of heart disease.（结果）He was to be killed

34、in a shipwreck and to leave a wife and two children.（不幸的命运）The girl was born during the illness of her father whom she was never to see.（不幸的命运）You must speak out, if we are to remain friends. 如果我们还想继续做朋友的话，（预期的结果）You are to die at the age of ninety-eight.（预言）Man is to live a better life in the next

35、century. （预言）动词不定式（词组）作表语用于发布命令或告知某人规则：All guests are to vacate their rooms by 10 am on the day of their departure.The children are to be in bed when they get home.动词不定式（词组）作表语用于表示将来的安排：Andry and Mary are to be married in June.We were to have gone last month but I was ill.动词不定式（词组）作表语用于表示某人应该怎样做或应该发

36、生什么：What am I to tell her (= what should I tell her) if she finds out?He is more to be (should be more) pitied than blamed.He seems to have been hurt. 他似乎受伤了。The house was to have been ready today. 这座房子本应该今天竣工。I was to have seen him last Wednesday but he did not come. 我本来打算在上星期三和他见面的但是他没有来。动词不定式（词组）

37、作表语用于表示不能或不会发生什么：We searched everywhere but the ring was nowhere to be found.动词不定式（词组）作表语用于条件句表示虚拟语气（与将来的事实相反的假设）：If I were to do that what would you say?Were we to offer you the job, would you take it?动词不定式（词组）作表语可用于if从句表示要达到的目标，主句中用must表示要达到这个目标必须怎么做：If we are to finish the work on time, we must s

38、tart early.Water must be pure if it is to be drunk. 水如供饮用必须净化。break the law不遵守法律，违反法律break vt. 不遵守，违反break the rulesstart vt. 创办，建立 start a business / company / firmcampaign /kæmpen/ n. C（政治、商业、社会等）运动，（宣传）活动；战役learn about学习有关的知识put up建造；张贴；抬高，使升高；提高（价格等）；在某地投宿；为（某人）提供食宿；提出（观点、建议、理由等）stop sb (fr

39、om) doing sth阻止/防止某人做某事go out with sb和某人一起出去（娱乐）；和某人交往/谈朋友/恋爱Page 15Function: 表示结果（纷繁复杂，跨种类，回来再单独解决，到时同学们提醒我，外加第一课语法）estimate vt. 估计，估算；估价，报价be against the law 是违法的against prep. 反对those who are campaigning against the new roadMr Howard has declared that he is against all forms of racism.（行为）违背，与相悖Th

40、ey got married against her parents wishes.She has been kept in the house against her will.The use of certain drugs is against the law.Its against my principles to borrow money.（法律、法规）禁止There ought to be a law against it.和比赛/打仗Gambotti was injured in last Saturdays game against the Lions.Well be comp

41、eting against the best companies in Europe.对造成危害/威胁/不利violence against elderly peoplecrimes against humanitydiscrimination against womenThere had been death threats against prison staff.Your lack of experience could count against you.The regulations tend to work against smaller companies.碰，撞the soun

42、d of the rain drumming against my windowThe car skidded and we could hear the crunch of metal against metal.倚着，靠着There was a ladder propped up against the wall.The younger policeman was leaning against the bureau with his arms folded逆sailing against the windShe dived down and swam out strongly again

43、st the current.以为背景，衬托He could see a line of figures silhouetted against the sky.It is important to know what colours look good against your skin.防，抗insurance against accident and sicknessa cream to protect against sunburna vaccine which is effective against pneumoniathe crime of stealing of表示同位关系sb

44、 is sure about sth某人对某事有把握attend vt. & vi. 参加，出席，到场；经常去，定期去（学校、教堂等）vt. 看护，照料 attend to处理，照料（生意、个人事务）；接待（顾客）Page 16it is possible that（possible不以人做主语）public adj. 公众的，大众的；公共的，公用的；公务的；公开的n. 大众the public公众，民众，大众in public当众，公开地likely adj. 可能的，可能发生的，可能是真的；合适的，恰当的adv. 大概，很可能sb is likyly to do / be sthI

45、t is likely (fo sb) to do sth.It is likely thatmore than likely很有可能Not likely! 才不呢！不可能！（表示强烈反对或断言某事不会发生）as likely as not很可能call the police报警语法：结果状语从句结果状语1形容词作结果状语，常位于句末。He fell to the ground, dead.They got home, safe.Last year, he only got several nominations and left empty-handed.2动词不定式作结果状语，逻辑主语即句

46、子的主语（1）常位于句末，是谓语动词随后的动作，前面可用或不用逗号。She woke early to find it was raining.He must have been blind(,) not to see that.He left his hometown, never to return.What have I said to make you so angry?有时其前用only表示未曾料到的不快结果或与人们的初衷相违背的结果。间或也表未曾料到的愉快的结果。He went home to find his old friend Tom waiting for him.（2）s

47、oas toWould you be so kind as to lend me your bike?（3）such () as to His illnesss is not such as to cause anxiety.He is such a fool as to waite his time playing.（4）enough to The ice is thick enough to walk on.（5）tooto含有否定意义Thats much too heavy for you to lift.It was too late for there to be any taxis

48、.toofor亦有否定意义。He is to young for the job.The place is too far for a one-day holiday.not tooto不太能和toonot to太不会不都有肯定意义。The book is not too difficult to read.She is too careful not to have noticed it.(only / all / not / but / never / simply / just / only / much / far) +too +eager / anxious / pleased /

49、kind / willing / ready / glad / quick + to (其中too=very)有肯定意义。She is too glad to help you.动词不定式作结果状语与动词不定式作目的状语的区别方法：（1）通过词汇意义来区别；（2）可以在动词不定式前加in order的是目的状语，否则是结果状语；（3）将动词不定式移位至句首，句子意义仍然讲得通的是目的状语，否则是结果状语。He arrived late to find the others had goneHe arrived late to avoid meeting Kate.3现在分词（短语）作结果状语，

50、常位于句末，前面可用逗号，其前常用thus或thereby。其逻辑主语即句子的主语，或前面整个句子。He left the classroom, leaving his homework unfinished.He turned off the lights, (thus / thereby) seeing nothing.He mistook me for a teacher, thus causing me some trouble.They introduced some new techniques, thereby / thus saving much time and labour

51、.4从句主句表示因，从句表示果。结果状语从句总是位于主句后。（注意原因状语从句可以位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。）（1）so +adj / adv / 分词 + that引导的结果状语从句so +adj +a /an + n + that so + 表示数量多少的形容词 + un / cn pl + thatsuch a / an + adj + n + thatsuch + (adj) + un / cn.pl + that用不可数名词或可数名词复数时一般用such, 但当形容词是many, much, few, little表示数量的词时，须用so, 而a lot of 或lots of

52、 须与such连用。如：There were so many people in the street that a traffic jam happened.There were such a lot of people in the street that a traffic jam happened.so 及其修饰的部分位于句首时主句用倒装结构。So badly was he injured that he had to do to the hospital.such that (such 为代词，用于主系表结构中作表语)His effort was such that he made

53、great progress.such位于句首时主句用倒装结构。Such was his anxiety that he couldnt stop trembling.sothat和suchthat中常略that，省略后可用或不用逗号。省略that 后从句既可位于主句前，又可位于主句后。省略that后表示结果还是其它状语意义靠意义判断。He was so tired, he could hardly stand.We couldnt get in, there were so many people in the room.（2）so that（前面可用逗号），so，that引导的结果状语从句

54、（so，that为 so that的省略）so that 引导结果状语从句时，常位于句尾，且其前用逗号与主句隔开。如：The room was crowded with people so that we couldnt get in. (so that 引导的结果状语从句中可用could not，so that引导的目的状语从句中不可用could not)What have I done that you should be so angry with me?There must be something wrong that he hasnt arrived yet.so that 引导结果状语从句与引导目的状语从句之别：目的状语从句前无逗号，结果状语从句前可有逗号。目的状语从句中用情态动词，结果状语从句中无情态动词。目的状语从句可移至句首，结果状语从句不可移至句首。“否定式主句 + that + 否定式从句”这一结构表示肯定意义。He never played with the children that a quarrel did not fol