Unit2Reading(Ⅱ)

1、Unit 2 Wish you were here Reading () 典句精析典句精析 Wish you were here 如果你在这里就好了如果你在这里就好了【分析分析】(1)本句是省略了主语本句是省略了主语I的复合句。的复合句。(2)wish后接省略了连词后接省略了连词that的宾语从句。该宾语从句采用了虚的宾语从句。该宾语从句采用了虚拟语气；拟语气；be动词采用了动词采用了were形式，表示说话者现在的愿望。形式，表示说话者现在的愿望。(3)wish后的宾语从句表示不切合实际的愿望，其虚拟常见以下后的宾语从句表示不切合实际的愿望，其虚拟常见以下三种情况：三种情况：a. 对现在的虚拟

2、，从句中谓语动词使用过去式；对现在的虚拟，从句中谓语动词使用过去式；b. 对过去的虚拟，从句中谓语动词使用过去完成式；对过去的虚拟，从句中谓语动词使用过去完成式；c. 对将来的虚拟，从句中谓语动词为对将来的虚拟，从句中谓语动词为“could/would/might + 动动词原形词原形”。How I wish I _(be) a bird and _(fly) freely in the sky. 我多么希望自己是一只鸟儿，能在天空自由飞翔。我多么希望自己是一只鸟儿，能在天空自由飞翔。I wish I _ (sail) the seas in search of adventure with

3、you those days. 要是那些日子我和你一起去闯荡海洋历险就好了。要是那些日子我和你一起去闯荡海洋历险就好了。Wish everyone _(do) his best to protect our environment from being damaged. 愿大家尽自己最大的力量保护我们的环境免受损害。愿大家尽自己最大的力量保护我们的环境免受损害。werecould flyhad sailedwould do1. An adventure in Africa adventure n. U冒险冒险 C 冒险经历冒险经历 He is fond of adventure.他喜欢冒险。他

4、喜欢冒险。All the children listened to his adventures with eager attention.所有的孩子都认真地听他的冒险经历。所有的孩子都认真地听他的冒险经历。【拓展拓展】 adventurer n. 冒险家冒险家 adventurous adj. 喜欢冒险的；新奇的喜欢冒险的；新奇的2. Ive been quite busy arranging my holiday with my older brother. 我一直在和我的哥哥忙着安排假期。我一直在和我的哥哥忙着安排假期。(1) be busy (in) doing sth. 忙于作某事忙

5、于作某事 孩子们忙于做作业。孩子们忙于做作业。 Children are busy doing homework. be busy with/over/about/at sth. 忙着某事忙着某事 他正忙着工作。他正忙着工作。 He is busy with/over/about/at his work. (2) arrange vt. 安排安排;筹备筹备varrange to do sth. 安排做某事安排做某事v你安排好组织这个周末的音乐会了吗？你安排好组织这个周末的音乐会了吗？vHave you arranged to organize the concert this weekend?

6、 varrange sth. for sb. 为某人安排某事为某人安排某事v他的助理为他安排了这次会议。他的助理为他安排了这次会议。vHis assistant arranged this meeting for him.varrange for sb. to do sth.安排某人做某事安排某人做某事v警方安排那位侦探调查这个案件。警方安排那位侦探调查这个案件。vThe police arranged for the detective to look into the case. 。v【拓展拓展】arrangement n. 安排安排;约定约定v make arrangements for

7、v3. plan to do sth. 打算做某事，计划做某事打算做某事，计划做某事v4.sb. spend time/money (in) doing sth. on sth. 我们每天花一小时时间读英语。我们每天花一小时时间读英语。 We spend an hour (in) reading English everyday. 汤姆在电脑游戏上花了许多钱。汤姆在电脑游戏上花了许多钱。 Tom spent a lot of money on computer games. cost常用物或常用物或it做主语：做主语：sth. costs sb. ; It costs sb. money to

8、 do sth. 这本书花了我十美元。这本书花了我十美元。 The book cost me $10.=It cost me $10 to buy the book. take常用物或常用物或it做主语：做主语：sth. takes some time=It takes sb. some time to do 去宿舍要花我们五分钟。去宿舍要花我们五分钟。 Going to the dormitory takes us 5 minutes.=It takes us 5 minutes to go to the dormitory. pay 用人作主语：用人作主语：sb. pays money f

9、or sth. 我花了十美元买了本书。我花了十美元买了本书。 I paid $10 for the book.v5. go to university/ college 上大学上大学6. Were going to visit so many exciting places and do lots of extraordinary things. 我们要去很多令人激动的地方，做很多令人惊叹的事情。我们要去很多令人激动的地方，做很多令人惊叹的事情。 so many exciting places 我很羞愧犯了这么多错。我很羞愧犯了这么多错。 I feel shamed that Ive made

10、 so many mistakes.TIPs: 1) so many+n. (可数名词可数名词) so much+n. (不可数名词不可数名词) 如此多的。如此多的。 如此多的书如此多的书 如此多的压力如此多的压力 so many books so much pressure so few+n. (可数名词）可数名词） so little+n. (不可数名词不可数名词) 如此少的。如此少的。 如此少的学生如此少的学生 如此少的大米如此少的大米 so few students so little rice 2) 修饰单数可数名词修饰单数可数名词 so = such so beautiful a

11、girl = such a beautiful girl 3)修饰不可数名词和可数名词复数只能用修饰不可数名词和可数名词复数只能用such such great progress such beautiful girls 4) 如此如此小小的玩具的玩具 如此如此少少的钱的钱 such little toys so little money7. cant wait to do 迫不及待的做迫不及待的做 = can hardly wait to do 我们迫不及待地想见到露西。我们迫不及待地想见到露西。 We cant wait to see Lucy.=We can hardly wait to

12、 see Lucy.8. take a flight to乘飞机去乘飞机去 乘飞机去广州乘飞机去广州 take a flight to Guangzhou 9. Were going to ride camels. (L10)TIPs骑骆驼骑骆驼 by camel = on the camel(s) = on camels骑自行车骑自行车 by bike = on the bike(s) = on bikes开车开车 by car = in the car(s) = in cars骑骆驼旅行时要小心危险。骑骆驼旅行时要小心危险。 Watch out for dangers while trav

13、eling on camels.Well be travelling by camel. (L13)10. desert n. 沙漠沙漠 vt. 抛弃，舍弃抛弃，舍弃 ( deserted adj. 荒废的，被遗弃的荒废的，被遗弃的 )Its the biggest desert in the worldabout the size of the US! 这是世界上最大的沙漠这是世界上最大的沙漠大约相当于美国的面积！大约相当于美国的面积！The babys mother deserted him soon after giving birth. 那个小孩的母亲生下他后不久就把他遗弃了。那个小孩

14、的母亲生下他后不久就把他遗弃了。【拓展拓展】 in the desert 在沙漠中在沙漠中 a deserted child一个弃婴一个弃婴 dessert n.甜点，甜食甜点，甜食11. Well be travelling by camel with local guides, camping in tents and sleeping on the ground.我们将在当地导游的带领下骑着骆驼旅行，我们将在当地导游的带领下骑着骆驼旅行，在帐篷里宿营，以地为席而卧。在帐篷里宿营，以地为席而卧。【分析分析】(1)本句是一个简单句，采用了将来进行时态本句是一个简单句，采用了将来进行时态(wi

15、ll be travelling)。(2)句中句中camping in tents and sleeping on the ground属于现在分属于现在分词短语作伴随状语，说明词短语作伴随状语，说明travel过程中的一些伴随情况，句子主语过程中的一些伴随情况，句子主语We与之存在逻辑上的主谓关系。与之存在逻辑上的主谓关系。 注意：注意：现在分词短语作状语用法小结：现在分词短语作状语用法小结： (1)主句的主语和从句的主语一致。主句的主语和从句的主语一致。 (2)与句子谓语动作相伴发生或表主动。与句子谓语动作相伴发生或表主动。 (3)在句中作伴随、时间、方式、条件、结果、原因等状语。在句中作

16、伴随、时间、方式、条件、结果、原因等状语。 wewe. camping in tents and sleeping 分词作状语，表伴随性动作分词作状语，表伴随性动作He came in，_ and _. (唱着跳着唱着跳着) He came in ,_a group of students. (跟着跟着) He lay in the bed, _to Jay Chous music. (听着听着)singingdancingfollowingThe storm left, _ a lot of damage to this area. A. caused B. to have caused C

17、. to cause D. causingDlisteningv12.on the ground 在地面上在地面上v13. during the day 在白天期间在白天期间v14.especially adv. 尤其地；主要地，格外地；显著地尤其地；主要地，格外地；显著地v Millions of wild flowers colour the valleys, especially in April and May. 尤其是在四五月份，不计其数的野花盛开，山谷里一片绚烂色彩。尤其是在四五月份，不计其数的野花盛开，山谷里一片绚烂色彩。 v15. on clear nights at nigh

18、t/ in the nightv on a cold morning on a cold night v on Saturday night on Mondayv on 1st April on the day (具体具体)v用适当的介词填空用适当的介词填空v _ April , 1976v _ April 1, 1976v _ the morning of April 1, 1976v _ 9: 00 _ the morning of April 1, 1976 inononat on16. Ill bring a flashlight with me so that Ill be able

19、 to see in the dark. 我会随身携带一只手电筒，这样在黑暗中我就可以看见了。我会随身携带一只手电筒，这样在黑暗中我就可以看见了。 so that在这里相当于在这里相当于in order that，引导目的状语从句。，引导目的状语从句。在这个用法中，从句中谓语动词前常用情态动词在这个用法中，从句中谓语动词前常用情态动词may，might，can，could， will，would和和should。例如：。例如： 他讲得很慢以便每个人都能理解他的话。他讲得很慢以便每个人都能理解他的话。He speaks very slowly so that everyone could und

20、erstand him.so that(不能置于不能置于句首句首)以便以便于，于，为了为了目 的 状目 的 状语从句语从句从句常含从句常含can/could/may/might等等情态动词情态动词主、从句主语一致时，主、从句主语一致时，从句可简化为从句可简化为so as (not) to. . .以至以至于于结果状结果状语从句语从句偶尔或很少出现以上用偶尔或很少出现以上用词词so as (not) to. . . ; so. . . as to; such as to i n o r d e r that(可置于句可置于句首首)以便以便于 ，于 ，为了为了目 的 状目 的 状语从句语从句从句常

21、含从句常含can/could, may/might等情态动词等情态动词in order to，该不定式可，该不定式可以置于句首以置于句首 They flew there_ they might be in time to attend the opening ceremony. (目的目的)_they might be in time to attend the opening ceremony, they flew there. They flew there_ be in time to enter the opening ceremony. _be in time to enter th

22、e opening ceremony, they flew there. 他们乘飞机去那儿，以便能及时赶上参加开幕式典礼。他们乘飞机去那儿，以便能及时赶上参加开幕式典礼。so that/in order thatIn order thatso as to/ in order toIn order toShe trained hard every day, _she became the great winner. (结果结果)She trained so hard every day as to become the great winner. 她每天刻苦训练，结果成为了优胜者。她每天刻苦训练

23、，结果成为了优胜者。so that【学以致用学以致用】用以上所讲短语完成句子用以上所讲短语完成句子Get prepared _you can set off immediately if anything happens. _get to the company in time, we set out early in the morning. We should do what we have to _we can do what we want to in the future. so that/ in order thatIn order toso that/ in order that

24、17 to see in the dark. (L16) 在暗处在暗处A cat can see in the dark. b. 秘密地，一无所知秘密地，一无所知We were completely kept in the dark about the plan.v18. mean 意味着意味着,意思是意思是 +doing sth. v 错过这班公交车意味着再等十分钟。错过这班公交车意味着再等十分钟。v Missing the bus means waiting for another 10 minutes.v mean to do sth. 打算，意图做某事打算，意图做某事v 我们打算买台新

25、电脑。我们打算买台新电脑。v We mean to buy a new computer.v means 作名词，作名词， 是是“方式，方法方式，方法”的意思的意思v by this means by means of 通过这种方式方法通过这种方式方法v mean 作形容词，是作形容词，是“吝啬，小气吝啬，小气”的意思的意思v He is a mean man.v 19. travel down the River Nile 沿着尼罗河旅行沿着尼罗河旅行v 20.go whitewater rafting 激浪漂流激浪漂流 v21. protection n. 保护保护v protect vt

26、. 保护，保卫保护，保卫v protect sb. /sth. from (doing) sth. 保护某人保护某人/某物免受某物免受 v 地球大气层保护我们免受强烈阳光的伤害。地球大气层保护我们免受强烈阳光的伤害。 v The atmosphere of the earth protects us from the strong sunlight. v prevent/keep sb. /sth. from doing sth. 阻止某人阻止某人/某物做某事；某物做某事；v22. in case +句子句子 in case of sth. 以防，假使以防，假使v 你最好带把伞，以防下雨。你最

27、好带把伞，以防下雨。 v Youd better take an umbrella in case of rain. /in case there is rain. v in any case 无论如何，不管怎样无论如何，不管怎样v in that case 假如那样的话假如那样的话v You have finished, havent you? In that case, you may have a rest. v in no case决不决不(位于句首时句子要用部分倒装位于句首时句子要用部分倒装)v In no case should you give up learning Engli

28、sh.【即学即练即学即练】用含有用含有case的短语完成句子的短语完成句子1. _ I forget, please remind me of it.2. Take a hat with you, _ the sun is hot.3.Theres no point complaining nowwere leaving tomorrow _.4. Ill be home late tonight. Well, _, I wont cook dinner.5. _ should you give up. In caseIn no casein that casein any casein ca

29、se 23. Well live with the local people in their villages, and eat and drink whatever they do, including cows blood! 我们要跟当地的居民一起住在他们的村落里，不管他们吃什我们要跟当地的居民一起住在他们的村落里，不管他们吃什么、喝什么，我们也一起吃、一起喝，包括牛血！么、喝什么，我们也一起吃、一起喝，包括牛血！whatever 在这里引导宾语从句，意为在这里引导宾语从句，意为“无论什么，不管什么无论什么，不管什么”。 whatever引导名词性从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。

30、引导名词性从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。I believe whatever he said.You may write on whatever subject you like. Whatever he did is right. 引导宾语从句，在从句中作定语。引导宾语从句，在从句中作定语。 引导主语从句，在从句中作宾语。引导主语从句，在从句中作宾语。 引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语。引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语。 whatever 可以引导让步状语从句，意为可以引导让步状语从句，意为“无论什么，不管无论什么，不管什么什么”。可用。可用no matter what替换。替换。I wi

31、ll believe whatever she said.Whatever happened, he would not mind.名词性从句名词性从句让步状语从句让步状语从句Whatever he said, his men just followed it.= _ _ _ he said, his men just followed it.We can overcome any difficulty, whatever it is.=We can overcome any difficulty, _ _ _ it is.Nomatterwhatnomatterwhat相同用法：相同用法：w

32、herever 无论在哪里无论在哪里 however 无论怎样无论怎样 whichever 无论哪一个无论哪一个 whenever 无论什么时候无论什么时候 whoever 无论谁无论谁【想一想想一想】Whoever breaks the law will be punished. Wherever you go, Ill be here waiting for you. Whatever difficulties we may come across, well help one another to overcome them. If we work with a strong will,

33、 we can get over any difficulty, however great it is. No matter whereNo matter whatno matter how名词性从句名词性从句让步状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句【学以致用学以致用】(2012陕西高考陕西高考)As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _ suits you best. A. whatever B. whicheverC. whenever D. wherever【解析解

34、析】选选B。考查名词性从句。句意：提供了多达五门的课。考查名词性从句。句意：提供了多达五门的课程，你可以任意选择最适合你的一门。程，你可以任意选择最适合你的一门。choose 后为宾语从句，后为宾语从句，宾语从句缺主语，排除宾语从句缺主语，排除C项和项和D项。结合题干项。结合题干five courses, 有范有范围限定，故选择围限定，故选择whichever。24. including the cows blood. (L27) = the cows blood included including sth./sb. = sth./sb. included include 动词动词: 包括，

35、整体与部分的关系包括，整体与部分的关系 contain 动词：包含，装有，内容动词：包含，装有，内容（1）The price _ postage charges.(邮费邮费) （2）Whisky _ a large percentage of alcohol.includedcontained25 .Since well be walking for almost two weeks, Ill need to buy a large backpack in advance to carry my supplies of food and water. 因为我们需要徒步行走将近两周的时间，所以我

36、得预先因为我们需要徒步行走将近两周的时间，所以我得预先买一个大容量的旅行背包来背我的给养买一个大容量的旅行背包来背我的给养食物和水。食物和水。 supply vt. 供给，供应，提供供给，供应，提供 supply sb with sth.=supply sth to/for sb.nU 供应供应(抽象意义抽象意义) C 给养，补给，给养，补给，(一批一批)供应品，供应品，(一批一批)东西东西(这种含义时常用复数形式这种含义时常用复数形式)【拓展拓展】in short supply 短缺短缺 近义词：近义词：provide （provide sth. for sb./provide sb. wi

37、th sth. ）offer （offer sb. sth./offer sth. to sb.） We supply power to the three nearby towns.我们向附近的三个城镇供电。我们向附近的三个城镇供电。Strawberries are in short supply at the moment.目前草莓供应紧张。目前草莓供应紧张。supply指定期供应，强调替代或指定期供应，强调替代或补充所需物品。尤指大量补充所需物品。尤指大量供应供应supply sth. to/for sb. supply sb. with vide指有预见性地或为应付意指有

38、预见性地或为应付意外、紧急情况等做充分准外、紧急情况等做充分准备备provide sth. for sb. provide sb. with sth.offer指向别人提供可接受也可指向别人提供可接受也可拒绝的帮助、服务或物品拒绝的帮助、服务或物品，侧重于主动向某人提供，侧重于主动向某人提供某物某物offer sb. sth. offer sth. to sb. 【辨析辨析】【学以致用学以致用】选词填空选词填空(supply/offer/provide)A foreign company _ him a well-paid job, which he refused politely. The

39、 government has _ food and shelters for those who are suffering from the earthquake. In Britain, milk is _ to each house in bottles every day. offeredprovidedsupplied【即学即练即学即练】 (1) The boss made a phone call to me yesterday _ me a good job.A. giving B. supplying C . providing D. offering(2) We are _

40、 high techniques now in order to improve the quality of our products.A. supplied B . supplied with C. supplied for D. supplied toNoImageNoImage26. try to get as close as possible to (L34)e.g. The firefighters couldnt get close to the burning building on time.1) be (get) close to (adj.)2) follow sb.

41、close behind (adv.)3) up close （需单独使用）（需单独使用）4) with ones eyes closed (vt.)5) close / closely (区别区别) close: (adj./adv.) 常与常与to连用连用:近的地近的地 closely : (adv.) 严密地，仔细地，密切地严密地，仔细地，密切地 用用close和和 closely填空填空1. She stood _ to her teacher so that she could watch _.2. The policeman examined his room _.3. They

42、watched the thief _.4. They have been _ friends for many years. closeclosecloselycloselyclosely27. even though= even if 即使，尽管即使，尽管 as though= as if 好像好像28. defence n. 防御；保护防御；保护(也可写作也可写作defense)【拓展拓展】 in defence of=in sb. s defence 为为辩护；保护辩护；保护 defend vt. 保护；保卫保护；保卫 defend sb. from /against sth. 保护某

43、人免遭某物伤害保护某人免遭某物伤害29. After that, well be moving on to Tanzania, where were going to climb Mount Kilimanjaro. 此后，我们将继续前往坦桑尼亚，在那里我们要攀登乞力马扎此后，我们将继续前往坦桑尼亚，在那里我们要攀登乞力马扎罗山。罗山。【分析分析】(1)本句是一个主从复合句。本句是一个主从复合句。(2)主句谓语为将来进行时主句谓语为将来进行时will be moving on。(3)where were going to climb Mount Kilimanjaro是关系副词是关系副词whe

44、re引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tanzania。【拓展拓展】(1)当先行词是表示地点的名词，如当先行词是表示地点的名词，如place, room, airport 等，同时关系词在从句中作地点状语时，定语从句需用等，同时关系词在从句中作地点状语时，定语从句需用关系副词关系副词where引导。引导。(2)如果先行词为相对抽象的地点名词，如如果先行词为相对抽象的地点名词，如situation(形势，情形势，情况况)，position(位置，职位位置，职位)，condition(情形，条件情形，条件)，point，stage, case等，并且定语从句中主谓

45、宾成分完整，其后也需用等，并且定语从句中主谓宾成分完整，其后也需用关系副词关系副词where。This is the company _ his father works. 这就是他父亲工作的公司。这就是他父亲工作的公司。The media today can draw public attention to situations _help is actually needed. 媒体现在能够引起人们对真正需要帮助的情况的关注。媒体现在能够引起人们对真正需要帮助的情况的关注。wherewhere【学以致用学以致用】(2012潍坊高一检测潍坊高一检测)Its helpful to put ch

46、ildren in a situation _ they can see themselves differently. A. thatB. whenC. whereD. which【解析解析】选选C。 句意：把孩子们置于他们能从不同的角度看清句意：把孩子们置于他们能从不同的角度看清自己的境地是有帮助的。分析句子可以看出此处用关系副词自己的境地是有帮助的。分析句子可以看出此处用关系副词where引导定语从句，修饰先行词引导定语从句，修饰先行词situation，where在从句中作在从句中作地点状语。地点状语。30. Mountain climbing can be very tiring,

47、and many people feel sick as the atmosphere gets thinner, so Colin and I will make sure that we get plenty of rest.登山会让人觉得非常疲惫，随着空气变得更稀薄，很多人会感到恶心，所以科登山会让人觉得非常疲惫，随着空气变得更稀薄，很多人会感到恶心，所以科林和我会确保我们能够得到充分的休息。林和我会确保我们能够得到充分的休息。tiring adj. 让人疲劳的；累人的让人疲劳的；累人的The flight from Shanghai to London can be very tiri

48、ng. 从上海到伦敦的飞行会让人非常疲惫。从上海到伦敦的飞行会让人非常疲惫。【拓展拓展】 tired adj. 疲劳的；疲倦的疲劳的；疲倦的be/get tired of 厌倦厌倦be/get tired with/from 因因而疲倦而疲倦be tired out筋疲力尽筋疲力尽After such a tiring climb, all the schoolgirls were tired out. 经过那么累人的攀登之后，所有的女生们都筋疲力尽了。经过那么累人的攀登之后，所有的女生们都筋疲力尽了。Every evening after dinner, if not tired from

49、work, I will spend some time walking my dog. 每天晚上晚饭后，如果工作后不累的话，我会花时间遛狗。每天晚上晚饭后，如果工作后不累的话，我会花时间遛狗。【学以致用学以致用】(2012潮州高一检测潮州高一检测)Though Jack is often tired _ his job, he is never tired _ it. In fact, he enjoys it. A. of; with B. with; fromC. from; of D. at; with【解析解析】选选C。句意：尽管杰克时常因工作而疲倦，但他从不。句意：尽管杰克时常因工

50、作而疲倦，但他从不感到厌倦。事实上，他喜欢他的工作。感到厌倦。事实上，他喜欢他的工作。be/get tired of厌倦厌倦；be/get tired with/from因因疲劳。所以选择疲劳。所以选择C项。项。vmake sure 确保确保vmake sure + 名词名词 make sure his safetyvmake sure that + 句子句子 make sure that he is safe It is certain that.确定的是确定的是31. begin with = start with 以以开始开始32.refer back to 重提，回顾重提，回顾 ref

51、er to 指的是；参阅；提及指的是；参阅；提及33. in total 总共，总计总共，总计34. reply to sb. 回复某人回复某人35. Thank you very much for因因非常感谢你。非常感谢你。36. of my own 我自己的我自己的37. get burnt 灼伤灼伤 get paid 得到薪酬得到薪酬 get killed 被杀被杀 get dressed 穿好穿好 get married 结婚结婚 get drunk 喝醉喝醉 get angry 变得生气变得生气 get excited 变得兴奋变得兴奋38. look forward to doing sth. 期待做某事期待做某事 39. a good way to do sth. 做做一种好的方式一种好的方式40. I suppose s