必修4unit4讲解

1、1. approach/way/method/meansapproach除了意为“方法”之外，还有“接近”的意思。an approach to(介词)“的方法”。way构成in the way“用这种方法”;the way to do/the way of doing (to为不定式)“做某事的方法”。method构成with a method “用一种方法”。means 意为“方式，方法”。单复数同形，构成by means of “通过方法”。He put up a new approach to the difficulty.他提出了解决这个困难的新方法。Can you tell me t

2、he way to work out the maths problem?你能告诉我做那道数学题的方法吗？We should improve our teaching method, with which we can make ourselves understood better.我们应该改善我们的教学方法，用这些方法，可以使学生更好的理解我们。We arrived there by means of plane. 我们坐飞机到达那儿。高手过招(1)单项填空There is no easy to the mathematics. A. Way B. mean C. method D. ap

3、proach(2)单句改错 His approach for the problem is special and proves good.All the approaches of the airport were blocked by the police.2.possible/probable/likelypossible表示客观上潜在的可能性，也许实际发生的可能性并不大；一般不用表示人的词作主语。只有 possible 后面可以接 for sb. to do sth.，而likely和probable 都不能。probable表示有几分根据的推测，比possible表示的可能性大。换句

4、话说，probable的“有可能”，是指有 1实际的依据或逻辑上合乎情理。一般不用表示人的词作主语。likely强调表面上看来有可能，与probable意思接近，有时可以互换，但likely常暗示从表面迹象来判断，probable则指经过权衡正反两方面的理由后相信某事是真实的或大概会发生。只有 be likely 前面的主语可以是人，而 possible 和 probable则不能。It is possible to transmute one form of energy into another.把某种形态的能量改变成另一种形态的能量是可能的。It is possible that the

5、 first people crossed into Austalia from Asia on a great land bridge.第一批从亚洲进入澳大利亚的人可能是从一座巨大的陆地桥上过去的。It is probable that our school will buy a new computer.我们学校很有可能买一台新电脑。It is probable that she forgot.她很可能是忘了。Its very likely that hell succeed.=He is very likely to succeed. 他极有可能成功。Im hardly likely t

6、o finish it within a week.我不可能在一周内把它干完。单项填空I cant go out. It is very that Mary will ring me tonight. A. Likely B. possibly C. probably D. perhapsTom was to win first prize in the competition, but his illness made him miss the chance. Possible B. probable C. likely D. Maybe3. Defence n. 保卫，防御；防卫设备;(被

7、告的)答辩；辩护常用结构 in defence of保卫；为辩护注意： defence后接“入侵者”或“造成危害者”时用介词 against；若后接“被保护者”时用介词 of。 The forest will act as a defence against desert dust.森林能起到防御沙漠尘土的作用。This fort was once the main defence of the island.这座堡垒曾经是这个岛上主要的防御设施。The defence of the accused was rather weak.被告人的辩护软弱无力。联想拓展defend v. 防护；辩护；

8、防守；保卫The wall was built to defend the road from being washed away by the sea.建这个围墙是为了保护这条路不被海水冲垮。易混辨析defend/protect/guard/preserve这四个词都有“使安全或保持安全状态不遭受危险、攻击或伤害”的意思，但它们之间还有些差异。 defend 含有“采取措施抵制进攻”的意思。protect 常含有“提供安全的方式来驱开不适、伤害或进攻”的意思。guard 含有“看守”的意思。preserve 含有“采取措施维护的安全”的意思。2完成句子 那位警察看守犯人。the prison

9、ers.当那只狗攻击我时，我拾起一根木棍自卫。myself.他戴着墨镜以防他的眼睛被强烈的太阳光晒伤。his eyes from the strong sunlight.4.curious adj.好奇的，感兴趣的；奇异的，不同寻常的The foreign tourists were surrounded by the curious children. 外国游客被一群好奇的孩子包围着。 He is suffering from a curious disease.他患了一种奇怪的病。常用结构：be curious about 对感到好奇be curious to do 急于做/极想做联想拓展

10、curiosity n.好奇curiously adv. 好奇地out of curiosity 出于好奇I asked out of mere curiosity.我只不过是出于好奇问问罢了。三重点句型：AB. be likely to do /It is likely thatC. neither/nor/so+系动词（情态动词或助动词）+主语.1. 信息提取：the first man to arrive 为不定式作后置定语意为：第一个到的人第一个到的人受到了热烈的欢迎。_.2. However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South

11、 American countries approach others closely and 信息提取：be likely to do 可能做某事如果他继续这样做，他不可能成功的。_.3. Not all cultures greet each other the same way, in the same way with touching or distance between people.信息提取：“neither/nor/so+系动词（情态动词或助动词）+主语”，表前面的情况也适用于后者，so用于肯定的场合，neither/nor用于否定的场合。a.你会说英语，我也会。_b.玛丽不

12、喜欢这部电影，我也不喜欢。_.c.杰克对目前的生活不满意，我也不满意。represent vt.代表，象征；作为的代表或代理人；（尤指以绘画，雕刻等）表现；描绘；描写 represent sb. as/to be 宣称某人为 represent sth. to sb. 向某人说明某事；向某人传达某事 represent sth./sb. as sth./sb. 把描绘成 representation n代表，代表团，代理representative adj.代表性的 n代表，代理人易混辨析represent/stand for/on behalf ofrepresent指“代表某人/某个团体/

13、政府等，或指某种标志代表什么，某物表现/描绘的是什么”。 stand for 通常指字母、数字、符号等代表/象征什么。on behalf of 指代表/代替某人，只能作状语。即学即练1玫瑰花是爱情的象征。 The rose _ love.这幅画表现的是海上风暴。 This picture _ a storm at sea.她把自己描绘成世界上最好的母亲。 She _ herself _the kindest mother in the world.(4) 他称自己是专家。 He _ himself _ an expert. Represents Represents Represents; a

14、s represents； to be(5)选词填空(represent/representation/representative) Each colour on the chart a different department.The were all amazed by what had happened in the factory.Our company has no in Africa.答案: represents representatives representationmajor med 1）adj. more important, great(er) 较大的，较重要的，主要

15、的Vi. specialize in a certain subject( at college or university) 主修，专攻 major in 攻读，专修，主修专业，陆军上校2）the majority 作主语，谓语动词的数根据其所指代内容确定单复数形式。【观察思考】填出Major在句中的词性及意思。 1) This is a major road. _ Water plays a major role in our life. 3) Diligence plays a major part in our study. 4) The car needs major repairs

16、. 5) Her major is History. 6) She majored in English at Shandong University. 【巩固运用】他在大学主修法语。_The majority _ in favor of banning smoking.A. are B. is C. should being D. A or B 1-4）adj. 主要的，重要的，大的 play a major role in sth 在某事中起重要作用5）n. 主修课程，专业课6）v. 主修 major in sth 主修（=specialize in sth ） major on sth

17、专门研究（课题、文体等）1) He majored in French when he was at university. 2) D curious adj.好奇的，爱探究的，奇怪的，难以理解的be curious about 对感到好奇be curious to do sth. 渴望做be curious+wh从句curiously adv. 好奇地，奇怪地curiosity n. 好奇心；古玩from/out of curiosity 出于好奇meet/satisfy ones curiosity 满足某人的好奇心with curiositycuriously 好奇地即学即练(1)这个孩

18、子对人类的起源很感兴趣。The child _ very _ the origin of mankind.(2)我极想知道他说了什么。 I'm _ what he said.(3)真奇怪，他不辞而别了。 _ he left without saying goodbye.我急切地想知道他是否通过了考试。 _.iscurious aboutcurious to knowIts curious thatIm curious whether he passed the examapproach vt. 向靠近；接近approach sb. on/about sth. 与某人接洽/商量某事app

19、roach to 接近；近似；(做某事)的方法(途径)n. 入门，接近；方法，途径a new approach to language teaching 一种新的语言教学方法at the approach of 在快到的时候make approaches to sb.和某人打交道即学即练(1)A new year _.新年快到了。I like her _ the problem.我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。Did Mary _ you _ lending her some money?玛丽找你商量过有关借些钱给她的事吗？We heard the _. (火车开过来了。) _ （所有通往城镇的道

20、路）are blocked.He _（靠近）the bird quietly.is approachingapproach toApproach Aboutapproach of the trainAll approaches to the townapproached 易混辨析approach/way/method/meansapproach除了意为“方法”之外，还有“接近”的意思。an approach to(介词)“的方法”。way构成in the way“用这种方法”;the way to do/the way of doing (to为不定式)“做某事的方法”。 method构成wi

21、th a method “用一种方法”。 means 意为“方式，方法”。单复数同形，构成by means of “通过方法”。He put up a new approach to the difficulty. 他提出了解决这个困难的新方法。Can you tell me the way to work out the maths problem? 你能告诉我做那道数学题的方法吗？We should improve our teaching method, with which we can make ourselves understood better. 我们应该改善我们的教学方法，用

22、这些方法，可以使学生更好的理解我们。We arrived there by means of plane. 我们坐飞机到达那儿。(1)单项填空There is no easy to the mathematics. A. Way B. mean C. method D. approach(2)单句改错 His approach for the problem is special and proves good. All the approaches of the airport were blocked by the police.(1)解析：选D。approach方法，可与to连用，意为“

23、的方法”;means方式，不可与to连用;methods 与with 搭配;way与of或to连用，to为不定式。(2)forto。解析：approach在句中意为“方法；步骤”，后面与介词to 连用。of to。解析：approach在句中意为“入口；通路”，后面与介词to 连用5These are examples of learned or cultural “body language”.learned adj. having much knowledge acquired by study 有学问得，博学的 learned man 学者即学即练他很有学问，但是非常自负。 _.Hes

24、very learned but rather proud.Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable touching strangers or being too close or too far away.(1)not all.是部分否定，与 not构成部分否定的词还有：both, every, everyone, everywhere, everybody, everything, always, entirely, wholly, altogether。Eg：1）Not every

25、student passed the exam. 并非所有的学生都通过了考试。 2）Not all of us can speak English. 并非我们都会说英语。表示全部否定的词有：none, nobody, neither, never, nothing, nowhere, no one, not at all。(2)notnor 既不。，又不。nor 常置于句首、助动词或连系动词之前，表示 and also not. 此时也可以用neither 代替。本句后半句是 nor 引起的倒装句，nor 位于句首时，句子需要部分倒装。Eg: She doesnt like dance, no

26、r does her sister.她不喜欢跳舞，她姐姐也不喜欢。即学即练(1)我不喜欢这部电影，她也不喜欢。I dont like the film. _.(2)我今天不去上班，梅西也不去。Im not going to work today and .Nor / Neither does shenor / neither is Maisie含有否定意义的词置于句首往往引起部分倒装：含有否定意义的副词放在句首，如：not, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, little 等。含有否定意义的连词置于句首，如： neither.nor, no sooner.than.

27、, scarcely.when., hardly.when.等。含有否定意义的介词短语置于句首，如： by no means, in no time, in no case, on no account等。Never before has our country been as united as it is today. 我们国家从没像现在这样团结。No sooner had he left home than it began to rain. 他一出家门天就开始下雨。On no account must you accept any money against your conscien

28、ce.你无论如何不能违背自己的良心而得到钱财。即学即练 (1)Not for a moment _what he said. A. I believed B. did I believe C. I would believe D. I believe (2)No where else in the world _ a place so beautiful. A. you can find B. find you C. can you find D. do you find (3)(2008·辽宁卷)Bill wasn't happy about the delay of th

29、e report by John, and _. AI was neither Bneither was I CI was either Deither was I答案：BCB7. People from places like and are more likely to touch them. likelyadj. 可能的（表示可能性很大时，可用most，very修饰likely）常用结构：It is likely that sb. .=sb.is likely to do.某人可能做某事 not likely (表示坚决不同意)绝不可能；绝对不会 易混辨析possible , proba

30、ble, likelypossible 表示可能的可能性不大，强调客观上有可能性，但也常常暗自“实际上希望很小”.常用于固定结构中，如：asas possible, if possible, It is possible that, It is possible for sb to do bable 表示可能性很大，主要用来指有根据，合情理，值得相信的事物，译为“很有可能地，大概” It is probable thatlikely 表示可能性很大，但比probable弱，侧重从表面看，某事很有可能发生，当指某人或某事充当主语，其后用不定式，只能用likely ，而不用possi

31、ble ,probable,即，sb./sth.be likely to do. 句式：It is likely thatIts nearly ten oclock and father _ walk in at any moment. A. is possible to B. is maybe to C. is likely to D. is able to Look, dark clouds are gathering. It is _ to rain soon. A. probably B. possibly C. likely D. perhaps_ there likely _ an

32、yone to meet us at the airport? Does, to be B. Is, being C. Has, that D. Is, to be (4) I cant go out. It is very that Mary will ring me tonight. A. Likely B. Possibly C. probably D. perhaps（1-4）CCDA8. It is an interesting study and can help you avoid difficulty in communication. 1) avoid vt. 避开，躲避（某

33、人/某事物）；防止（某事）发生，预防 avoid后面接名词或动名词，不可以接不定式。如：She avoided answering my questions.她避免回答我的问题。avoidable adj. 可避免的 即学即练 (1)做为一个驾驶新手，琳达尽力避免发生事故。 As a new driver, _.I quickly walked to the other side of the road to avoid _ him. A. to meet B. having met C. meeting D. to have met Linda tries her best to avoid

34、 accidents C2）英语中某些及物动词后习惯跟动名词作宾语，这类常用的动词是：喜欢考虑不可免（enjoy，consider，escape，avoid）;停止放弃太冒险（stop，give up，risk）;反对想像莫推延（object，imagine，delay，put off）;要求完成是期盼（require，finish，look forward to）;建议继续勤操练（suggest，go on，practise）;不禁坚持求原谅（cant help，excuse，insist on）;继续注意为成功（keep on，mind，succeed in）。9. defend vt.

35、保卫，防卫，为辩护defend.against. 保卫，防御defend.from(harm) 保护不受(伤害)defense/defence n. 防卫，防御defense works 防御工事，防御工程defend one's argument 为某人的论点辩护即学即练(1)They couldn't _ us _ our rights.他们不能阻挠我们捍卫我们的权利。(2)We need some lawyers to _.我们需要几个律师为我们辩护。(3)We should _ the child _ harm.我们要保护这孩子不受伤害。(4)Their duty is

36、 to _ the country _ its enemies.他们的职责就是保卫国家抵御敌人(入侵)。Prevent defendingdefend usDefend fromDefend AgainstThe most universal facial expression is,of course,the smileits function is to show happiness and put people at ease.(P30) ease相关短语拓展归纳 ease sb. of sth.减轻某人的痛苦、负担等 at ease安适；不拘束 ill at ease(因不安而)心神不

37、宁 take ones ease休息，轻松一下 with ease容易地 ease off/up减轻；减缓即学即练(1)她的话解除了我的忧虑。Her words _.(2)他很容易地就答复了那些问题。He answered the questions _.(3)我们坐在沙发上轻松惬意。We were sitting on the sofa _.(4)他松开领带。He _ his tie.(5) He felt completely ease Mary. A. at; with B .at ; to C. with; with D. to; to(1)她的话解除了我的忧虑。Her words e

38、ased_me_of_my_anxiety.(3)他很容易地就答复了那些问题。He answered the questions with_great_ease.(4)我们坐在沙发上轻松惬意。We were sitting on the sofa at_ease.(5)他松开领带。He eased_off his tie.选A。句意为：他和玛丽在一起时感到完全放松。根据句意可知，选A。There are unhappy smiles, such as when someone "loses face" and smiles to hide it. lose face 丢脸，

39、丢人联想拓展lose heart 泄气；灰心 lose ones heart to 爱上；钟情于lose weight 减肥 lose ones way 迷路lose ones life 丧生 lose courage 丧失勇气lose sight of 看不见 facial expressions面部表情in the face of在面前；不顾 to ones face当面face to face面对面地 lose ones face丢面子save ones face挽回面子 look sb. in the face直视某人make a face做鬼脸 read ones face观察某人的

40、脸色set ones face against sb./sth.坚决反对即学即练(1)The two have never met (面对面) before.(2)She showed great courage (面对危险)(3)Her father (坚决反对)the marriage.(4)Stand with your feet apart and _(双手向上)(5) In order not to , he spent the whole night preparing for the speech of next day. （2010·01·浙江嘉兴一中检测）

41、A .lose courage B. lose heartC. lose face D. lose voice (1)The two have never met face_to_face(面对面) before.(2)She showed great courage in_the_face_of_danger(面对危险)(3)Her father had_set_his_face_against(坚决反对)the marriage.(4)Stand with your feet apart and your_hands_facing_upwards(双手向上)(5) In order not

42、 to , he spent the whole night preparing for the speech of next day. （2010·01·浙江嘉兴一中检测）A .lose courage B. lose heartC. lose face D. lose voice 解析：选C。句意为：为了不丢面子，他花了整个晚上准备第二天的演讲。lose face 丢人，丢脸。 12. ., but nodding the head up and down is used for agreement almost worldwide.up and down 起伏，上下波动；来回，往复拓展归纳in and out进进出出；出入频繁地right and wrong是是非非；对错here and there处处；到处day and night日日夜夜即学即练(1)他在屋里来回走着，不知该怎么办才好。He in the room and didnt know what to do.(2)我已经到处都找过它了。Ive looked for it .(3)粉丝们又蹦又跳，激动得尖声喊叫。The fans and screaming excited