人教版必修五Unit5Reading

1、Unit 5 First aidReading高二人教新课标版必修五高二人教新课标版必修五Can you guess what will happen to the girl?How will her mother deal with the burn?Look at the picture on the left. What has happened?The girl has pulled boiling water onto herself.She will get bad burns.Place burns under gently running water for about 10

2、minutes.Take clothing off the burned area unless it is stuck to the burn.Take off other clothing and jewelry near burns.Dip the burns under cool water to stop the pain and prevent or reduce swelling.Place cool, clean, wet cloths on burns until the pain is not so bad.If the injuries are second degree

3、 or third degree burns, get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.Cool the area of skin; wash it under the cold running water.Cover the wound with bandage/clean cloth. See a doctor if necessary.skinorgan barrierpoison ray complexvarietyliquid n. 皮；皮肤皮；皮肤n. 器官器官n. 屏障；障碍物屏障；障碍物 n. 毒药；毒害毒药；毒害vt.

4、毒害；使中毒毒害；使中毒n. 光线；射线光线；射线adj. 复杂的复杂的n. 变化；多样化变化；多样化n. 液体液体Words previewradiation mildmildly pan stove tissue swelln. 辐射；射线辐射；射线adj. 轻微的；温和的轻微的；温和的adv.轻微地；温和地轻微地；温和地n. 平底锅；盘子平底锅；盘子 n. 炉子；火炉炉子；火炉n. 组织；手巾纸组织；手巾纸vt. & vi. 膨胀；隆起膨胀；隆起scissors unbearable basin bandage vitaln. 剪刀剪刀adj. 难以忍受的难以忍受的n. 盆；盆地

5、盆；盆地n. 绷带绷带adj. 至关重要的；至关重要的； 生死攸关的生死攸关的electric shocksqueeze out over and over again触电；电休克触电；电休克榨出；挤出榨出；挤出反复；多次反复；多次Expressions previewPre-reading What will the passage be about?2. What do they tell you about the passage? First aid for burns. Causes, types, characteristics and first aid treatment fo

6、r burns.Fast ReadingIn which order are these topics covered in the text? Number them from 1 to 5._ the three types of burns_ what to do if someone gets burned_ the purpose of skin_ the symptoms of burns_ how we get burns35142Find out how many parts there are and the main idea of each part:Part 1.Par

7、t 2.Part 3.Part 4Part 5The purpose/function of skin Causes of burns Types of burns: First degree burns, Second degree burns, Third degree burnsCharacteristics of burns First aid treatmenthot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, chemicalsthe top layerthe second layerthe third layer

8、tissue under the skinnerveThere are _ layers of skin.threeThe skin is the _ organ, and also very _. largestessential Protect you against _, _ and _;2) Keep you _ or _;3) Prevent you from _;4) Give you _.losing watersense of touchwarmcooldisease poisons the suns harmful raysPart 1: The purpose of ski

9、nCareful ReadingPart 2 Cause of burnsH2SO4hot liquidssteamfireThe sunchemicalsPart 3 Types of burns There are _ types of burns depending on which _ are burned. First degree burns affect only the _ layer and should feel better within _. Second degree burns affect both the _ and the _ layer. These bur

10、ns are _ and take _ to heal. threelayerstopa day or twotopsecondseriousa few weeksThird degree burns affect all _ layers and any _ and _ under the skin. They are very _ injuries and the victim must get to _ at once.threetissueorgansseverehospitalBACBlisters andwatery surfaceMildly swollenTissue unde

11、r them often can be seenPart 4 Characteristics of burnsfirst degree burnsecond degree burn third degree burnCharacteristics of burnsswollenRoughtissueMildlyLittlenopressedBlisterscharred1. _ clothing and jewelry near the burns.2. _ the burns with cool water.3. _ cool, clean wet cloths on the burns.4

12、. _ the burned area gently.5. _ the burned area with a dry clean bandage.6. _ the burned area _ than the heart, if possible.7. _ the victim _ the doctor or hospital, if possible.Part 5 First aid treatmentTake offCool Place Dry Cover Keep higherGet toFirst degree burnsSecond degree burnsThird degree

13、burnstype1. Get the victim to the doctor or hospitalTreatment3. Place cool, clean, wet clothes on them until the pain is not so bad.2. Keep cloths cool by putting them back in the cold water; squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain

14、is not so bad. Our skin has three layers. We will never get burned by the sun. Burns are divided into three degrees according to the degree of pain. Third degree burns are the most serious and painful.Tell if the following statements are true or false:5. Put cool water on any burns to cool them. 6.

15、Dont rub the burns7. Its better that you put some butter or oil on burns.1. Why should you put cold water on a burn?The cold water stops the burningprocess, stops the pain and prevents or reduces swelling. Answer the following questions.2. Why doesnt a third degree burn hurt?Because in a third degre

16、e burn the nerves have been damaged. If there are no nerves, there is no pain.3. Why do you think clothes and jewellery near burns should be removed?Because bacteria from the clothes and jewellery could infect the burns.4. If someone has a third degree burn, why might you see tissue? Because all lay

17、ers of the skin have been burnt showing the tissue underneath.1. Sam knocked over a kettle full of boiling water onto his legs. His legs became red, swollen and covered with blisters. Sam broke the blisters and poured icy water from the fridge onto the skin.WRead the first aid treatments for these b

18、urns. Are they right or wrong? 2. While ironing clothes, Miss Good accidentally touched the iron. Her wrist blistered and became watery. It hurt a lot. She put her wrist under the cold water tap and then kept placing cool, clean, damp cloths on it until it was less painful. Then she went to see the

19、doctor.R3. Mrs. Caseys sleeve caught fire while she was cooking. Her arm looked terrible but it didnt hurt. The skin was charred. Her husband took off her blouse and picked off bits of the blouse stuck to the burn. He then placed butter on the burn and covered it with a wet bandage.W4. After an hour

20、 in the sun, Lily noticed her arms were red and hurt a bit. She went home and put them under cool running water. RTry our best to give them effective first aid if they are in danger.Life is preciousWe should care about others, and help people in an emergency. The skin is an essential part of your bo

21、dy and its largest organ.皮肤是身体必不可少的部分，也是身体皮肤是身体必不可少的部分，也是身体的最大器官。的最大器官。essential adj. 必要的，基本的，本质的必要的，基本的，本质的 如：如：Hard work is essential to success. 成功必须努力工作。成功必须努力工作。be essential for/to 对对来说是必要的来说是必要的Language PointsIt is essential that 从句从句 是必要的是必要的It is essential for sb to do 做某事对某人来讲是必要的做某事对某人来讲是必

22、要的essentials n. 必需品必需品2. You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against diseases, poisons and the suns harmful rays.你有三层皮肤作为屏障来保护你免遭你有三层皮肤作为屏障来保护你免遭疾病、毒药和有害光线的侵害。疾病、毒药和有害光线的侵害。barrier n. “屏障，障碍物，隔阂屏障，障碍物，隔阂”。如：。如：You need to show the ticket.你需要出示你需要出示(你的你的) 票。票。The crowd linked arms to

23、 form a barrier. 群众臂挽着臂组成人墙。群众臂挽着臂组成人墙。the language barrier 语言的隔阂语言的隔阂3.it keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing too much water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch皮肤能保暖或御寒，保持体内水分不过多皮肤能保暖或御寒，保持体内水分不过多流失，正是皮肤让你感到冷热和疼痛，皮流失，正是皮肤让你感到冷热和疼痛，皮肤还使

24、你有触觉。肤还使你有触觉。1) keep you warm or cool 为为keep复合结构复合结构, 即即keep+宾语宾语+宾补宾补, 使处于某种状态使处于某种状态 宾补除由形容词充当之外，还可宾补除由形容词充当之外，还可用名词、现在分词、过去分词、介词用名词、现在分词、过去分词、介词短语、副词来充当。短语、副词来充当。This coat will keep you warm.This story will keep the children amused.The illness kept her in hospital. Im sorry to keep you waiting.2)

25、 prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事What can we do to prevent this disease spreading?She was prevented from taking the exam by illness.拓展：拓展：stop sb (from) doing sthkeep sb from doing sth3) sense of touch 触觉触觉其他表示各种感觉的词还有其他表示各种感觉的词还有:sense of sight 视觉；视觉；sense of hearing 听觉；听觉；sense of taste

26、味觉味觉 sense of smell 嗅觉；嗅觉；sense of humor 幽默感幽默感sense of direction 方向感方向感sense of urgency 紧迫感紧迫感4. So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious. 该句是一个主从复合句，主句为该句是一个主从复合句，主句为: So if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious; 从句为：从句为：as you can imagine. as引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性

27、定语从句, 指代后面的指代后面的 内容内容, 有有“正如正如”或或“就象就象”的的 意思意思; 它所引导的从句位置较灵活它所引导的从句位置较灵活, 可以位于句首、句中或句末。可以位于句首、句中或句末。另外另外, 该句的主句中还含有一个该句的主句中还含有一个if引导的引导的条件状语从句。请看类似的句子：条件状语从句。请看类似的句子：As you can see, if they are not properly protected, the farmlands will become desserts sooner or later. 正如你所看到的，这些农田如果保护正如你所看到的，这些农田如果

28、保护不当迟早会变成沙漠。不当迟早会变成沙漠。 get+过去分词过去分词 表被动或状态表被动或状态 The computer got damaged when we were moving. My bike is getting repaired now. My glasses got broken while I was playing basketball. Peter and Mary got married last year.5. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan, stove or

29、 iron for a moment. (一度烫伤或烧伤的一度烫伤或烧伤的) 例子包括轻微的例子包括轻微的 晒伤晒伤, 以及碰到热锅、炉子或烙铁而以及碰到热锅、炉子或烙铁而 导致的烫导致的烫(烧烧)伤。伤。 mild 在这个句子中的意思是在这个句子中的意思是“轻微的、轻微的、 不严重的不严重的”。如。如: Edward suffered a mild heart attack.爱德华犯了轻微的心脏病。爱德华犯了轻微的心脏病。Mild 还可以表示还可以表示“温和的、暖和的温和的、暖和的; 味淡的味淡的” 如如: Shes the mildest person I have ever met in

30、 my life.她是我平生见到过的最温柔的人了。她是我平生见到过的最温柔的人了。a mild climate 温暖的天气温暖的天气mild cheese 淡味奶酪淡味奶酪6. swell v. 膨胀膨胀, 隆起隆起 她的腿肿得很厉害。她的腿肿得很厉害。 风鼓起了帆。风鼓起了帆。 大雨使河水上涨了。大雨使河水上涨了。 Her leg has swollen badly.The wind swelled the sails.The heavy rain swelled the river. swollen 可作形容词可作形容词, 表示表示“ 肿胀的肿胀的” Her eyes were red a

31、nd swollen with weeping. 她的眼睛哭得又红又肿。她的眼睛哭得又红又肿。7. Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. 除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上, 否则都要把否则都要把 衣服脱掉。如果需要的话衣服脱掉。如果需要的话, 可以使用剪刀。可以使用剪刀。 1) unless 除非除非; 如果不如果不如：如： Dont make it public unless I agree. 除非我同意，否则不能公布于众。除非我同意，否则不能公布于众。Unless

32、the destruction of the ozone layer is stopped, the polar ice caps will melt with terrible consequences.如果不停止对臭氧层的破坏的话，如果不停止对臭氧层的破坏的话， 南北南北两极的冰冠就可能融化并造成可怕的后果。两极的冰冠就可能融化并造成可怕的后果。2) stick sth. to sth. 粘住粘住Stick the glue to my fingers.8. Take off other clothing and jewellery near the burn.靠近烧伤面的其他衣物和首饰也

33、都要拿掉。靠近烧伤面的其他衣物和首饰也都要拿掉。take off 取下取下 用法归纳用法归纳:(1) 脱下脱下I cant take my boots off, theyre so tight! 靴子太紧了靴子太紧了, 我脱不下来我脱不下来!(2) (飞机飞机) 起飞起飞Its exciting to feel the plane taking off.感觉到飞机起飞令人兴奋。感觉到飞机起飞令人兴奋。(3) 离开，离去离开，离去Ill take off now, and see you later.我现在就要走了，回头见。我现在就要走了，回头见。(4) 拿掉，取下拿掉，取下I cant tak

34、e the lid off, its stuck!这盖子卡住了，我拿不下来。这盖子卡住了，我拿不下来。联想拓展联想拓展take away 拿走拿走 take back 带回，归还带回，归还take up 举起；占举起；占(时间、空间时间、空间)take down 降下；拆毁降下；拆毁take in 吸收吸收 take out 除去除去take on 呈现呈现 take over 接管接管9. jewellery/jewel jewellery n. 珠宝的总称珠宝的总称 (不可数不可数) jewel n. 珠宝珠宝, 首饰首饰 (可数可数) The jewels were kept in th

35、e safe. She appeared at the reception wearing her finest jewels. jewelsShe locked her _ in the _ box.jewellery问题：问题：你还能再列举几个这样的单词吗？你还能再列举几个这样的单词吗？ 10. Cool burns immediately with cool but not icy water. 立即用凉水给伤口冲凉，但不要用冰水。立即用凉水给伤口冲凉，但不要用冰水。 -y是个形容词后缀。如：是个形容词后缀。如： windy 有风的有风的 hilly 多小山的多小山的 sleepy 困倦

36、的困倦的 greeny 略呈绿色的略呈绿色的 spicy 辛辣的辛辣的 woody 树木茂密的树木茂密的11. For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water, squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad. 对于二度烧伤，要保持湿布清凉，需把对于二度烧伤，要保持湿布清凉，

37、需把湿布放回冷水中湿布放回冷水中, 拧出水后放在烧伤面上，拧出水后放在烧伤面上， 这样要反反复复地做一个小时左右，直这样要反反复复地做一个小时左右，直到不太痛时为止。到不太痛时为止。 squeeze 挤；压；塞挤；压；塞The car was full, but I managed tosqueeze in.He squeeze everything into a suitcase.squeeze fromsqueeze outsqueeze through从身上榨取从身上榨取挤出挤出挤着通过挤着通过12. Hold the bandage in place with tape.用胶布把绷带固

38、定。用胶布把绷带固定。in place 在适当的地方在适当的地方 如：如：nThe librarian put the returned books in place. 图书馆员把还回的图书放到原处。图书馆员把还回的图书放到原处。nYoud better put things back in place.Otherwise, it will be difficult to them.你最好把你的东西放回原位你最好把你的东西放回原位, 不然很难找。不然很难找。in place 还有还有“准备就绪准备就绪”的意思。如：的意思。如：The arrangements for the concert n

39、ext Saturday are all in place.周六的音乐会已经准备就绪。周六的音乐会已经准备就绪。out of place 地方放的不对地方放的不对; 不合适不合适Her dress was out of place at theceremony.13. If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible.如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部, 要尽可能要尽可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。上下肢被烧伤后，应将患肢抬高于心脏，上下肢被烧伤

40、后，应将患肢抬高于心脏， 这是为了促进血液回流，防止烧伤处这是为了促进血液回流，防止烧伤处出现水肿。出现水肿。I. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1. There are over 115 different kinds of _ (poison) snakes in Australia.2. Doctors in that hospital are developing a new _ (treat) for cancer.3. He is a _ (mildly) person who never shouts.4. This machine has an _

41、 (electric) fault. (与电有关的与电有关的)poisonoustreatmentmildelectrical5. His face was _ (swell) up with toothache.6. If he _ (blood) too much, his life will be in danger.7. His foot was burned by hot water and there were several _ (water) blisters on it.swollenbleedswateryII. 根据句意根据句意, 选择适当的单词或短语选择适当的单词或短语

42、 并用其适当形式填空。并用其适当形式填空。1. protect; defenda. Taking an umbrella can _ you from rain.b. Schools should give children lessons on how to _ tectprotect/defend2. wound; injure; hurta. She was badly _ when she fell off her bike.b. His leg _ when he walks.c. The soldier got a serious _ in the wa

43、r.hurt/injuredwoundhurts3. insist on; stick to a. Once a decision has been made, all of us should _ it.b. They _ leaving that day.c. He always _ his promise.sticks tostick toinsisted on4. cut off; cut out; cut upa. He was _ the meat and wanted to make dumplings.b. You can _ the unimportant details.c

44、. The village was _ by heavy snow for a month.cut off cutting upcut outIII. 用适当的介词填空。用适当的介词填空。1. We dont want to hear your opinions; stick _ the facts.2. The robber robbed the bank _ force.3. Whether we will have a picnic tomorrow depends _ the weather.4. He was _ great pain after he broke his arm.tobyonin/of5. They decided to join to fight _ the enemy and defend their country.6. As soon as all the chairs are _ place, we can let the people in.7. Dont take any notice _ wha