英语八下知识点

1、M1U11. What a delicious smell! 好香的气味啊！ How + adj.+ a/an +n.+ (主语+谓语)! How clever a boy he is! 他是多聪明的孩子!How + adj./adv. + (主语+谓语)! How clever the boy is! How fast he runs! 他跑的多快啊！What +a/an+ adj.+ n.单+(主语+谓语)!What a clever boy he is! What+ adj. +n.复数+(主语+谓语)! What clever boys they are! What+ adj. +不可

2、数n.+(主语+谓语)! What beautiful music it is! 多美得音乐啊！ 2. - Would you like to try some? would like 想要 = want would like n./ to do sth./ sb. to do sth. *-Would you like ? 你想要 ？ -Yes, please. / No, thanks. *-Would you like (sb.) to do? 你想要做 ？ -Yes, Id love to. / Sorry, Im afraid not. *-Do you want to do? 3.

3、 Im afraid I dont like cheese. be afraid“恐怕···” 表示遗憾、惋惜或委婉拒绝做某事。 Im afraid so / not . 恐怕是这样/不是。 be afraid that 从句 Im afraid (that) I cant come with you. 1） be afraid to do sth. 害怕、不敢去做某事 Im afraid to swim in the river. 2) be afraid of doing sth. 害怕担心某事发生 Im afraid of falling.4. It sme

4、lls too strong and it tastes a bit sour. 它的味道有点浓，并且尝起来有点酸。1) too + adj. “太”，修饰adj./adv.的原级。 The desk is too big.2) strong （味道）很重、很浓The coffee is strong. 咖啡味道很浓。3) a bit 稍微，一点儿，一些 * a bit +adj./adv.的原级、比较级 = a little +adj./adv.的原级、比较级 Im a bit thirsty. 我有点儿口渴。 * a bit of +不可数n. = a little+不可数n. a bit

5、 of water = a little water 一些水 * not a bit = not at all 一点也不 not a little = very 很，非常 I m not a bit angry. 我一点也不生气。 5. Well, my chocolate cookies are done now. be done “做好了，完成了”被动Im nearly done. 我差不多做完了。When your homework is done, we can play football. 6. Shall I get the sugar? 我来拿糖吧？说话人主动提出要做某事，主动提

6、出帮助。 常用 Shall I? 我 好吗？Shall I get some water for you? 我去给你弄点儿水喝吧？提建议常用 Shall we? 我们吧？ 回答-Good idea. / Sounds great. Shall we buy Betty a cake? 我们给贝蒂买个蛋糕吧？7. whats that on top? 顶上的是什么？ on top 在顶端,在上面（领先） on top of 在的上面 There is a bird on top of the house . 房子顶上有只鸟。 8. Are you sure thats sugar?sure (a

7、dj.) 确信的，肯定的 ;（adv.）的确 be sure of 确信Im sure of his success.be sure that 确信 be sure to do sth.一定会做 make sure 确保 小结：重点短语： 1. on top 在上面 2. a piece 一块/片/张 3. a bit = a little 有点儿，稍微 4. be done  做完了 5. have a try 尝一尝 6. in the middle 中间 7. have a sw

8、eet tooth 喜欢甜食 8. might be 可能是 9. lucky day 幸运日M1U21. Thanks for your last message. 谢谢你的上一封电子邮件。 1) thanks for 后接n./ pron./ V-ing 因而谢谢你 Thanks for your help.Thanks for helping me with my English.2) message n. 信息，口信，电子邮件 get /receive a message 收到信息 leave a message 留言 send a message 发送信

9、息 take a message 传口信 Can I take a message for you?要我给你传个话吗2. It was great to hear from you. 很高兴收到你的来信。 hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 = get/ receive a letter from sb. I heard from Tom last week.= I got/ received a letter from Tom last week.3. I cant wait to meet you. 我迫不及待地想见到你。cant wait (to do sth) 等不及/ 迫不及

10、待(做某事)He cant wait to go home.I cant wait to open the present. 4. hope v. 希望 hope to do 希望做某事 I hope to be your friend.hope that 从句 I hope (that) we can be friends.5. proud adj. 感到自豪的 be proud of 以为自豪，为感到骄傲 = take pride in We are proud of our country.The teacher takes pride in his students.be proud

11、to do 为做感到自豪 be proud that 从句6. be/get excited about sth. 对感到兴奋 doing sth. I am so excited about the trip!对于这次旅行，我真是兴奋极了！ He is excited about coming to Hong Kong! 7.Lucy is wearing a red dress.He can dress himself now.Please put on your coat.The girl in yellow is my sister.8. How do you feel about c

12、oming to China? feel + (adj.) +about doing sth. 对做感到 I feel excited about going to the Great Wall.9. nervous adj. 紧张的,不安的 - nervously adv. 10. Im always sorry when I dont know how to do things in the right way. how to do things 做know的宾语 “特殊疑问词+动词不定式”，在句子中可做主语，宾语，表语，做主语是谓语动词用单数。 When to start is not

13、decided yet. Do you know how to deal with it?特殊疑问词+动词不定式作宾语时，常放在know, wonder, ask, learn, decide, find out之后 M2U11. I am entering a competition.  enter v. 参加，报名 = take part in = go in for Have you entered the music club? 还表示“进入”.= come = go into My mother entered the room. &

14、#160; 2. The first prize is “My dream holiday”.  dream  n. 梦；梦想（只用于名词前）梦寐以求的have a dream 做了一个梦 I had a strange dream last night. I have a dream.v. 做梦，梦到，梦想 -dreamed, dreamt dream sth. I dreamed the beautiful se

15、a.dream of / about doing sth 梦见、梦想做某事 I dream of / about flying in space.dream that从句 3. Have you ever won any prizes before?   ever 曾经 现在完成时的标志，通常用于一般疑问句中加强语气。 have / has sb. ever + 过去分词 用于询问某人过去的经历。 Have you ever been&

16、#160;to Beijing?  No, never. / Yes, I have.  你去过巴黎吗？没有/ 去过。4. before adv. 以前，指某一时间点之前所发生的事，常用于完成时。 I have been here before. ago 从现在起到过去某一时间点所发生的事，常用过去时。 I went there 2 years ago. before conj. 在以前/= after before prep.在前面，(位置/= behind,顺序） 5. But I

17、 cant afford it.  afford  v.（有财力）付得起，买得起常与can , could , be able to 连用, 表示负担得起，尤其用于否定句与疑问句中。 We cant afford the trip. afford to do sth. The car is very dear. I cant afford to buy it. afford sb. sth. 为某人提供。6. You can make it up.make up 创造，编造 动词+副词，代词放中间He m

18、ade up an interesting story. make up 组成，构成 7. Invite v. 邀请 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 He invited Mary to have dinner. invite sb. to 邀请某人去。 I often invite my friends to my home.invitation n. 邀请，邀请函，请帖 Thank you for your invitation.M2U21. , and it has sent Peter to work in Germany, France and China

19、 before. send v. 派遣去，命令去 send sb. to do sth. 派遣某人去做某事 China send many people to work in Africa every year. send sb. sth. 或 send sth. to sb. 送给某人某物 Jim sent me a book on my twelfth birthday. send后接“信件、电报”时，寄/发送 2.They moved here with their parents two years ago.move v. 迁移、搬家 move to 搬到某地 They are mov

20、ing to Beijing in a month.3. They have been to many interesting places. have been to +地点，“已经去过某地”现在已经回来 。 Lucy has （never） been to China before. have gone to +地点，“已经去了某地”现在还没有回来。 Hello. Can I speak to John, please? Sorry, hes not in. He has gone to the park.4. This language is different from English

21、 in many ways. be different from 与不同 反义：the same as 与一样 in many ways 在许多方面 Life in future will be different from life today. 5. They find it hard to spell and pronounce the words. find it +adj.+ to do sth. 发现做某事是 (it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式) I find it easy to learn English.6. So far they have learnt to

22、 speak German, French, Chinese and Arabic. so far “到目前为止”，是现在完成时的标志。= until now= up to now Mike has read five famous books so far.7. They have friends all over the world, but they also miss their friends in the US.miss v. 思念Dave misses his grandparents very much. miss v. 错过；没做到，其后接动词-ing形式Mona was s

23、ad because she missed her train. 8.Sometimes they mix the languages.mix v. 相混合、融合-过分 mixed mixture n. 混合物 mix up 相混合、融合Mix them up and the mixture will smell terrible. mix with把和混合在一起 You shouldnt mix the kind of drink with the rest of sugar. 9. They are counting down the days.count down 倒数，倒计时They

24、are counting down, “ten, nine, eight, seven”.count v. 计数，计算，清点Can you count from one to ten in French?He put all the money in his bag without counting it.10. another + 基数词 + n. = 基数词 + more + n. 再 I want another two apples. =I want two more apples. 我想再要两个苹果。 M3U11. What are you up to? 你在做什么呢？ up to

25、正在做，忙于（非正式） =What are you busy doing? be up to sth. 忙于某事 Tom is up to his homework. be up to sb. 由某人决定 Its up to you. up to now 直到现在2. Ive just made a model spaceship for our school project. just 刚刚 ，用于现在完成时，常放在助动词have/has之后，多用肯定句just now 刚才，相当于a moment ago ,常用一般过去时，常放在句末。 Weve just watched the film

26、.I saw him just now. 3. project n. 计划，工程，项目，课题 What kind of projects do you do at school ?Project Hope 希望工程4. I havent started it yet. yet“还（尚）”用在现在完成时的否定疑问句中，常放在句末。Tony hasnt finished his homework yet. Have you seen the film yet? 5. Have you heard the latest news? latest adj.最近的；最新的late的最高级 The new

27、s is all about the latest meeting. news u n. 新闻，消息 a piece of news 一条消息6. Thats why its on the news. 这就是它为什么出现在新闻报导的原因。Thats why这就是为什么/的原因（后接结果） Thats why he doesnt like math. That because 那是因为（后接原因） That because he thinks math is too hard. 7. on prep. 在(播放)中；关于 Whats on the TV? 电视正在播放什么节目？ 8. So ha

28、ve they discovered life on Mars? discover v. 发现；找到 (强调发现客观存在的事物，真理，但不为人所知的) Columbus discovered America in 1492. 9. But no one has been to Mars.none1.既可指人也可指物，反义词是all.2.用于三者或以上，意为“没有人；没有什么东西；一个也不”。3.与of连用修饰n.复数或代词宾格复数作主语，谓语动词多用单数。4.一般回答how many , how much 及含any引起的疑问句 。no one1.“没有人”，只能指人，不与of连用。2.作主语

29、时，谓语动词只能用单数形式。3.可用来回答who,及含anyone, anybody引起的疑问句。*No one knows the answer.None of us knows the answer. -A：How many people are there in the room? -B：None. -A: Is there anyone in the room?-B: No one. 10. Because Mars is very far away far away 远，遥远 far (away) from 离远 /= close tofar -farther 距离时间上更远的 -f

30、urther 可表示抽象的，更进一步11. search for“寻找；搜寻”，其对象多为人或物，如找矿，资料，文件，工作等。强调寻找的行为，不着重结果。 They are searching for the missing child search sb /place for sth 常指对某地进行搜查或搜索；对人时为“搜身”。 The police searched him but nothing was found on him. look for强调“找”的动作和过程。寻找一般的 事物。M3U2M4U11. I feel ill. ill adj. 不健康的；有病的n. illness

31、 疾病ill和sick adj. 两者都可作表语, 如：He is ill /sick. the sick 病人两者作定语时，表达的意义不一样： 如：He is a sick man. 他是个生病的人。   He is an ill man. 他是个坏人。 2. Ive got a stomach ache and my head hurts. 注意疾病的表达方式。还有： I have (got) a headache. = My head hurts. = I have a pain

32、 in my head.headache n. 头疼 -复合名词 身体部位+ache 某部位疼痛 toothache backache3. How long have you been like this? Since Friday. *现在完成时1. 现在完成时定义：也可以表示某一动作从过去一直延续到现在。1) Since 与完成时连用，自以来；自从， since + 过去一个时间点 He has lived here since 1992. 2）since + 一段时间 + ago He has lived here since 2 years ago.3) 自以后, since+含一般过

33、去时的从句。 I have read 5 books since I came here. 4) Its + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时从句。 Its 3 years since I became a teacher. How long is it since you were in London? 注意since与完成时连用时，主句中的谓语动词需用延续性动词。一些瞬间动词必须转化为延续性动词。5）since“既然，因为”。 Since we have no money, we cant buy it. *辨析：for +一段时间 ，通常与完成时连用。 I have lived

34、here for 2 years. Tom has worked in Beijing for many years.注意：瞬间动词不可以与时间段连用，要改成相应的延续性动词。 *对for或since引导的时间状语提问 必须用how long, 决不能用when.I have lived here for 10 years. -How long have you lived here?She has stood here since 2 hours ago. -How long has she stood here?延续性动词变化：leave-come/go (to) -arrive (at/

35、in)- get (to)-reach-buy-borrow-finish-join-start/begin-die-close-open-return-marry-become- 1.He died 10 years ago. - He has been dead for 10 years / since 10 years ago.2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He has kept the book for 2 weeks.3. He bought the bike a month ago. -He has had the bike for

36、a month.4. He arrived here three days ago. - He has been here since three days ago.5. They turned on the light 2 hours ago. - The light has been on for 2 hours.6. He left here 2 years ago. - He has been away from here for 2 years.7. The film began 30 minutes ago. - The film has been on for 30 minute

37、s.8. They opened the door an hour ago. - The door has been open for an hour.9. They closed the door an hour ago. - The door has been closed for an hour.10. He joined the army last year. - He has been in the army for a year. I have bought this watch for five years. I have had this watch for five year

38、s/since 5 years ago. The old man has died for ten years. The old man has been dead for ten years/since 10 years ago. He has come back for 3 days. He has been back for 3 days/since 3 days ago. He has come here since 6 oclock. He has been here since 6 oclock. I have left hometown for 10 years. I have

39、been away from hometown for 10 years.4. Let me take your temperature. take sbs temperature, 量某人的体温 I took my temperature last night.5. Do you do any exercise? exercise 锻炼 -不可数n. You should do /take some exercise. 练习，习题，体操可数n. do morning exercises 6. It can be very harmful to your health. *be harmful to 对 有害 = do harm to = be bad for *health n. 健康healthy adj. 健康的 keep healthy = stay fit M4U21. well adj. 健康的 well adv. 好地 Can you speak English