大学英语期末试卷3页

1、-装-订-线-XXXXX大学 20 20 学年度第 学期基础英语1期末试卷 学院： 班级：20 姓名： 学号： 2 I.Vocabulary and Grammar (15 points, 1 point for each)1. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE? A. Why don't you do it for the sake of your friends? B. I wish I could write as well as you. C. For all his efforts, he di

2、dn't get an A. D. Her eyes were red from excessive reading.2. Nancy's gone to work but her car's still there. She _ by bus. A. must have gone B. should have gone C. ought to have gone D. could have gone3. He feels that he is not yet _ to travel abroad. A. too strong B. enough strong C. s

3、o strong D. strong enough4. After_ seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel manager's office. A. that B. it C. what D. there5. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? A. They each have two tickets. B. They cost twenty yuan each. C. Each they have bought the same book

4、. D. They were given two magazines each.6. A new laptop costs about _ of a second-hand one. A. the price of three times B. three times the price C. as much as the three times price D. three times more than the price7. I was very interested in _ she told me. A. all that B. all which C. all what D. th

5、at8. It is going to be fine tomorrow. _. A. So is it. B. So it is. C. So it does . D. So does it.9. In "How much do you think he earns?" how much is _ of the sentence. A. the subject B. the adverbial C. the object D. the complement10. "The man preparing the documents is the firm's

6、 lawyer" has all the following possible meanings EXCEPT A. the man who has prepared the documents. B. the man who has been preparing the documents. C. the man who is preparing the documents. D. the man who will prepare the documents.11. It was in that small room _ they worked hard and dreamed o

7、f better days to come. A. what B. in which C. which D. that12. _ that the left side of the human brain is responsible for logic. A. Its generally believed B. It is believed generally C. It generally is believed D. Generally it is believed13. Scientists didnt know much about lung cancer _. A. before

8、long B. long before C. until recently D. in the past few years14. Nobody would believe his words though he said he was _ of the crime. A. pure B. clear C. innocent D. guilty15. The university has to _ the government for more money. A. call at B. call on C. appeal for D. appeal to. Fill in the blanks

9、 with the correct forms of the phrases and expressions listed below. (15 points, 1 point for each)resort to cling to give rise to hear of think twice in the first place dawn on in case consist of regard as he same goes for refer to be exposed to keep to oneself burst into 16. Peking University is _

10、the most important school of higher learning in China. It _ some of the best faculties in our country. 17. It suddenly _ us that _ the whole polar ice cap should melt into water, many of our coastal cities would disappear under the sea. 18. Both sides are willing to sit down and talk because they kn

11、ow it is stupid _ force. 19. It had suddenly started raining when he returned home, wet all over and trembling with his clothes _ his body.20. The heavy rains they had last summer _ serious flooding. 21. I have never _a true scientist who is afraid of telling the people the truth. 22.He thinks he sh

12、ould _ before we agree with the plan to build more water power station in that river.23.Without passion, language learning is a very difficult . In fact, we shouldnt have come to this school _ , if we were not interested in language. 24.Globalization requires our education see to it that our student

13、s are well _foreign cultures.25.A man needs a rest. _economy. You cant expect economy to keep on growing rapidly forever.26.What we _ as “The Palace Museum” today used to be the emperors palace. It is also known as the Forbidden City, and was first built in the Ming Dynasty.27.I never felt at ease i

14、n front of strangers when I was a kid. So I usually_ myself.28.Yesterday, the boss_ the room without knocking at the door, wild with anger.III. Reading Comprehension (20 points, 2 points for each)Passage One As Artificial Intelligence(AI)becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns

15、 that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code. Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks,its necessary to translate our morals into AI langu

16、age. For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldnt want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values,” said Russell. Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example

17、, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences,but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space,you wouldnt think thats the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do. It will b

18、e possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules. Robots could also learn values from drawing patt

19、erns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless. The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to so sufficient testing and theyve produced a system that will break some kind of taboo（禁忌）. One simple check wou

20、ld be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation. If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunity to stop, send out beeps（嘟嘟声）, and ask for directions from a human. If we humans arent q

21、uite sure about a decision,we go and ask somebody else. The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral, and how to create a set of ethical rules. But if we come up with an answer,robots could be good for humanity.29. What does the author say about the

22、 threat of robots?A.It may constitute a challenge to computer programmers.B.It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.C.It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.D.It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated.30. What would we think

23、of a person who invades our personal space according to the author?A.They are aggressive.B.They are outgoing.C.They are ignorant.D.They are ill-bred.31.How do robots learn human values?A. By interacting with humans in everyday life situations.B. By following the daily routines of civilized human bei

24、ngs.C. By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.D. By imitating the behavior of property brought-up human beings.32.What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?A. keep a distance from possible dangers.B. Stop to seek advice from a human being.C. Trigger it

25、s built-in alarm system at once.D. Do sufficient testing before taking action.33.What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code?A. Determine what is moral and ethical.B. Design some large-scale experiments.C. Set rules for man-machine interaction.D. Develop a more so

26、phisticated program.Passage Two Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard explanations： keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise,etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity（长寿）?Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives? A new

27、study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100. The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic （神经质的） than other pe

28、ople. Long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through to

29、ugh times. Interestingly, however, other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, for instance,were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no re

30、lationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways. Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should strive

31、 to be as outgoing as possible. Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mothers personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28,000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kid

32、s unhealthy diets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when were adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.Personality isnt destiny（命运）, and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isnt just a matter of you

33、r physical health but of your mental health.34. The aim of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is_.A. to see whether peoples personality affects their life spanB. to find out if ones lifestyle has any effect on their healthC. to investigate the role of exercise in living a lo

34、ng lifeD. to examine all the factors contributing to longevity35. What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people?A. They have a good understanding of evolution.B. They are better at negotiating an agreement.C. They generally appear more resourceful.D. They are more likely to get ov

35、er hardship.36. What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation?A. Easy-going people can also live a relatively long life.B. Personality characteristics that prove advantageous actually vary with times.C. Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on lon

36、gevity.D. Readiness to accept new ideas helps one enjoy longevity.37. What does the recent study of Norwegian mothers show?A. Childrens personality characteristics are invariably determined by their mothers.B. People with unhealthy eating habits are likely to die sooner.C. Mothers influence on child

37、ren may last longer than fathers.D. Mothers negative personality characteristics may affect their childrens life spans.38. What can we learn from the findings of the two new studies?A. Anxiety and depression more often than not cut short ones life span.B. Longevity results from a combination of mental and physical health.C. Personality plays a decisive role in how healthy one is.D. Health is in large part related to ones lifestyle.VI. Translate the following sentences (30 points, 3