图像处理课程设计报告

1、摘要：matlab和mathematica、maple并称为三大数学软件。它在数学类科技应用软件在数值计算方面首屈一指。matlab可以进行矩阵运算、绘制函数和数据、实现算法、创用户界面、连接其他编程语言的程序等，主要应用于工程计算、控制设计、信号处理与通讯、图像处理、信号检测、金融建模设计与分析等领域。数字图像处理(digitalimageprocessing)是通过计算机对图像进行去除噪声、增强、复原、分割、提取特征等处理的方法和技术。数字图像处理的产生和迅速发展主要受三个因素的影响:一是计算机的发展;二是数学的发展(特别是离散数学理论的创立和完善);三是广泛的农牧业、林业、环境、军事、工

2、业和医学等方面的应用需求的增长。关键词：matlab，数字图像处理一课程设计目的1、 提高分析问题、解决问题的能力，进一步巩固数字图像处理系统中的基本原理与方法。2、 熟悉掌握一门计算机语言，可以进行数字图像的应用处理的开发设计二. 课程设计的内容matlab gui程序设计，利用matlab图像处理工具箱。要求：按照软件工程方法，根据需求进行程序的功能分析和界面设计，给出设计详细说明。然后按照自己拟定的功能要求进行程序设计和调试。 以下几点是程序实现的功能。1）能对图像文件（bmp、 jpg、 tiff、 gif等）进行打开、保存、另存、打印、退出等功能操作。（2）能对图像进行直方图统计，包

3、括r直方图，直方图统计，直放图均衡，周长和面积计算，区域图面积统计。（3）能对图像进行图像变化处理，包括小波变换，傅里叶变换，快速傅里叶变化，快速逆变换，傅里叶逆变换，离散余弦变换。（4）能对图像进行滤波处理，包括低通滤波，平滑滤波，自适应滤波。（5）能对图像进行频域增强处理，包括同态滤波，高频锐化。（6）能对图像进行噪声添加处理，包括椒盐噪声，加性噪声，高斯噪声。（7）能对图像进行图像滤波器处理，包括高通滤波器，低通滤波器。三、总体方案设计通过matlab 的gui 设计界面，实现打开，保存，退出，打印功能，设计对比示区，功能按钮，实现各种图形处理的基本功能。四、各个功能模块的主要实现程序

4、在gui界面上创建一系列的按钮以实现各种功能。其实现语句如下：打开程序：function open_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to open (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)name,path=uigetfile('*.jpg''*.bmp'&#

5、39;*.gif''*.tif','ÔØÈëͼÏñ');if isequal(name,0)isequal(path,0) errordlg('ûÓÐÑ¡ÖÐÎļþ','³ö´í'); returnelse x=imread(path,name); axes(handles.axe

6、s1); imshow(x); handles.img=x; handles.noise_img=x; guidata(hobject,handles)end保存程序：function save_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to save (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)file

7、name,pathname = uiputfile('*.jpg''*.bmp''*.gif''*.tif','ͼƬ±£´æΪ');if isequal(filename,pathname,0,0) errordlg('ûÓб£´æ','³ö´í'); re

8、turn;elsefile=strcat(pathname,filename);(handles.axes1);i=getimage(gca);imwrite(i,file);打印程序：function dayin_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to dayin (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see g

9、uidata)printpreviewprintpreview(f)退出程序：function tuichu_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to tuichu (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)% hobject handle to quit (see gcbo)% eventdat

10、a reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)button = questdlg('ÄúÈ·¶¨ÒªÍ˳ö±¾³ÌÐòÂð£¿','È·¶

11、¨²Ù×÷');switch button case 'yes' close(gcf); case 'no' end;然后制作axes1并建立面板，修改颜色和名称，即界面中的function，再在面板上添加按钮1. r直方图按钮程序：function rzhifangtu_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to rzhifangtu (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in

12、a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)set(handles.axes1,'handlevisibility','on');axes(handles.axes1);x=imhist(handles.img(:,:,1); %Ö±·½Í¼Í³¼Æx1=x(1:10:256);horz=1:10:256;bar(horz,x1);set

13、(handles.axes1,'xtick',0:50:255);2.直方图统计按钮：function zhifangtutongji_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to zhifangtutongji (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)set(handles.axe

14、s1,'handlevisibility','on');axes(handles.axes1);x=imhist(handles.img(:,:,1); %Ö±·½Í¼Í³¼Æx1=x(1:10:256);horz=1:10:256;bar(horz,x1);axes(handles.axes1);set(handles.axes1,'xtick',0:50:255);% hobject handle to tongji (see gcbo)% e

15、ventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata) % - executes on button press in zhifangtujunheng.3.直方图统计按钮程序：function zhifangtujunheng_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to zhifangtujunheng (see gcbo)% eve

16、ntdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)set(handles.axes1,'handlevisibility','on');axes(handles.axes1);if isrgb(handles.img) a=histeq(handles.img(:,:,1); b=histeq(handles.img(:,:,2); c=histeq(handles.img

17、(:,:,3); k(:,:,1)=a; k(:,:,2)=b; k(:,:,3)=c; axes(handles.axes1); imshow(k);elseh=histeq(handles.img);axes(handles.axes1);%Ö±·½Í¼¾ùºâimshow(h);end% hobject handle to junheng (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab

18、% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata) % - executes on button press in mianjijisuan.4.周长和面积计算程序：function mianjijisuan_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to mianjijisuan (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles stru

19、cture with handles and user data (see guidata)axes(handles.axes1);y=handles.img;k=rgb2gray(y);bw = im2bw(k); % ת»¯Îª¶þֵͼÏñ l,n = bwlabel(bw,4); % ±ê×¢¶þ½øÖÆͼÏ

20、41;ÖÐÒÑÁ¬½ÓµÄ²¿·Öx=1;%ĬÈÏͼÏñÖÐÖ»ÓÐÒ»¸öÁ¬Í¬ÇøÓò.i j=find(l=x);%½«±ê×¢

21、µÄÇøÓò·Åµ½Ò»¸öÊý×éÖÐ.bwi=bwselect(l,i,j,4);p=bwperim(bwi);perm=sum(sum(p);%Öܳ¤.area=size(i);%Ãæ»ý.±ê×¢ÇøÓòÏñ&

22、#203;صãÊý¾ÍΪÎïÌåÃæ»ý.imshow(bw);pa='ͼÏñÃæ»ýΪ:' num2str(area) 'ÏñËصã'pp='ͼÏñÖÜ&#

23、179;¤Îª:' num2str(perm) 'ÏñËØ'xxx=pa,pp;title(xxx);% hobject handle to zhouchanghemianji (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata% - executes on button press

24、in pushbutton8.5.区域图面积程序function quyumianji_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to quyumianji (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)axes(handles.axes1);y=handles.img;k=rgb2gray(y);x=ar

25、ea(k,-2); title('ÇøÓòÃæ»ýͼµÄ»æÖÆ');set(gca,'layer','top'); % hobject handle to quyutumianji (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with ha

26、ndles and user data (see guidata) % - executes on button press in kuaisufuliyebianhuan.6.小波变换程序：function xiaobo_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to xiaobo (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (

27、see guidata)axes(handles.axes1);x=(handles.img);if (isrgb(x)=0);y=rgb2gray(x); ca1,ch1,cv1,cd1 = dwt2(y,'bior3.7');a1=upcoef2('a',ca1,'bior3.7',1);image(wcodemat(a1,192); title('½üËÆֵϵÊýa1');else ca1,ch1,cv1,cd1 = dw

28、t2(x,'bior3.7');a1=upcoef2('a',ca1,'bior3.7',1);image(wcodemat(a1,192);end% hobject handle to xiaobobianhuan (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata) % - executes on button press i

29、n ditonglvbo.7.傅里叶变换程序：function fuliyebianhuan_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to fuliyebianhuan (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)axes(handles.axes1);x=(handles.img);if isrgb(

30、x); i=fft(x);else i=fft(x);endo=fftshift(i);imshow(o);title('ÆÕͨft±ä»»ºóµÄͼÏñ');% hobject handle to ft (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handle

31、s and user data (see guidata)8.快速傅里叶程序：function kuaisufuliyebianhuan_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to kuaisufuliyebianhuan (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)axes(handles.axes

32、1);x=(handles.img);if isrgb(x) i=fftn(x);else i=fft2(x);end o=fftshift(i);imshow(o);title('fft±ä»»ºóµÄͼÏñ'); % hobject handle to fft (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure wi

33、th handles and user data (see guidata) % - executes on button press in nibianhuan.9.快速逆变换程序;function nibianhuan_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to nibianhuan (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user da

34、ta (see guidata)axes(handles.axes1);x=(handles.img);if isrgb(x) i=ifftn(x);o=fftshift(i);imshow(o);title('ifft±ä»»ºóµÄͼÏñ');else i=ifft2(x); o=fftshift(i);imshow(o);title('ifft±ä»»ºóµÄ

35、05;¼Ïñ');end% hobject handle to ifft (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)10.傅里叶逆变换程序：function fuliyenibianhuan_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to fuliyenibianh

36、uan (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)axes(handles.axes1);x=(handles.img);if isrgb(x) i=ifft(x);else i=fft(x);endo=ifftshift(i);imshow(o);title('ÆÕͨift±ä»

37、7;ºóµÄͼÏñ'); % hobject handle to ift (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)11.离散余弦变化程序：function yuxuanbianhua_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject

38、handle to yuxuanbianhua (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)axes(handles.axes1);x=(handles.img);if (isrgb(x)=0); y=rgb2gray(x);i=dct(y);imshow(i);title('dct±ä»»ºó

39、1;ÄͼÏñ');else i=dct(x);imshow(i);title('dct±ä»»ºóµÄͼÏñ');end % hobject handle to dct (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and use

40、r data (see guidata)12.低通滤波程序：function ditonglvbo_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to ditonglvbo (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)axes(handles.axes1);if isrgb(handles.img)x=(ha

41、ndles.img);y=rgb2gray(x);h=imnoise(y,'salt & pepper',0.04); %¼Ó½·ÑÎÔëÉù z=medfilt2(h,5 5,'symmetric'); %ÖÐÖµÂ˲¨ imshow(z);else msgbox('ÕâÒѾ­ÊÇ&#

42、187;Ò¶ÈͼÏñ','ת»»Ê§°Ü');end % hobject handle to ditonglubo (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)12.平滑滤波程序：functio

43、n pinhualvbo_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to pinhualvbo (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)axes(handles.axes1);axes(handles.axes1);img=(handles.img);if isrgb(img) f=rgb2gray(

44、img);f=double(f);f=fft2(f);f=fftshift(f);m,n=size(f); %d0=80;m1=fix(m/2);n1=fix(n/2);for i=1:m for j=1:n d=sqrt(i-m1)2+(j-n1)2); h(i,j)=exp(-d2/2/d02); endendg=f.*h;g=ifftshift(g);g=ifft2(g);g=mat2gray(real(g); imshow(g);else msgbox('ÕâÒѾ­ÊÇ»Ò&#

45、182;ÈͼÏñ','ת»»Ê§°Ü');end % hobject handle to pinghualubo (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata) % - executes on button pres

46、s in zishiyin.13自适应滤波程序：function zishiyin_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to zishiyin (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)axes(handles.axes1);if isrgb(handles.img)x=(handles.img)

47、;y=rgb2gray(x);h=imnoise(y,'gaussian',0,0.05); %¼Ó¸ß˹ÔëÉùz=wiener2(h,5 5);%×ÔÊÊÓ¦Â˲¨axes(handles.axes1);imshow(z);else msgbox('ÕâÒѾ­ÊÇ»Ò

48、;¶ÈͼÏñ','ת»»Ê§°Ü');end % hobject handle to zishiyinglubo (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata) % - executes on button

49、 press in tongtai.14.同态滤波程序：function tongtai_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to tongtai (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)axes(handles.axes1);y=(handles.img);i=rgb2gray(y);i=im

50、2uint8(i);m n=size(i); i=double(i); lni = log(1+i); ; fi = fft2(lni); p =fftshift(fi); for i=1:m for j=1:n d(i,j)=(i-m/2)2+(j-n/2)2); end end prompt='Èñ»¯²ÎÊý:','½ØֹƵÂÊ' defans='0','0' p

51、=inputdlg(prompt,'Èñ»¯²ÎÊý:',1,defans); c=str2num(p1); do=str2num(p2); h=(2.0-0.5)*(1-exp(c*(-d/(do2)+0.5; hi=fi.*h; gi=ifft2(hi); y=exp(gi); g=real(y);s=uint8(g);imshow(s); % hobject handle to tongtaizq (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined i

52、n a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata) % - executes on button press in gaopin.15.高频锐化程序：function gaopin_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to gaopin (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% hand

53、les structure with handles and user data (see guidata)axes(handles.axes1);if isrgb(handles.img)x=(handles.img);y=rgb2gray(x);h=0 -1 0;-1 4 -1;0 -1 0 ;i=imfilter(y,h);imshow(i);title('ƵÓòÈñ»¯ºóµÄͼÏñ');end% hobje

54、ct handle to gaopingruihua (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata) % - executes on button press in jiaoyanzaosheng.16.椒盐噪声程序：function jiaoyanzaosheng_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle

55、 to jiaoyanzaosheng (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)prompt='ÊäÈë²ÎÊý:'%¶Ô»°¿òµÄÉèÖã

56、;¬Óû§ÊäÈëµÄÊÇ×Ö·û´®defans='0.02' %ȱʡֵp=inputdlg(prompt,'ÊäÈë²ÎÊý£º',1,defans); p1=str2num(p1); %×

57、14;·û´®×ª»¯ÎªÊýÖµaxes(handles.axes1);x=(handles.img);y=imnoise(x,'salt & pepper',p1); handles.noise_img=y;guidata(hobject,handles);imshow(y);% hobject handle to jiaoyanzaosheng (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be de

58、fined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata) % - executes on button press in jiaxin.16.加性噪声程序：function jiaxin_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to jiaxin (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matla

59、b% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)axes(handles.axes1);prompt='ÊäÈë²ÎÊý:'defans='0.02'p=inputdlg(prompt,'ÊäÈë²ÎÊý£º',1,defans);p1=str2num(p1);y=imnoise(handles.

60、img,'speckle',p1); handles.noise_img=y;guidata(hobject,handles);imshow(y);% hobject handle to jiaxingzaosheng (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata) % - executes on button press in gaosizaosheng

61、. % - executes on button press in gaotonglvboqi.117.高斯噪声程序：function gaotonglvboqi_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to gaotonglvboqi (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)% hobject h

62、andle to gaosigaotonglb (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)%¸ßͨÂ˲¨Æ÷axes(handles.axes1);x=(handles.img);if isrgb(x) msgbox('ÕâÊ&

63、#199;²ÊɫͼÏñ,²»ÄÜͨ¹ý¸ßͨÂ˲¨Æ÷','ʧ°Ü');elsey1=imnoise(x,'gaussian'); %¼Ó¸ß˹ÔëÉ

64、49;f=double(y1); % Êý¾ÝÀàÐÍת»»k=fft2(f); % ¸µÁ¢Ò¶±ä»»g=fftshift(k); % ת»»Êý¾Ý¾ØÕóm,n=size(g);nn=2;d0=3; %½ØÖ¹

65、;ƵÂÊΪ3m=fix(m/2); n=fix(n/2);for i=1:m for j=1:n d=sqrt(i-m)2+(j-n)2); % ¼ÆËã¸ßͨÂ˲¨Æ÷´«µÝº¯Êý if d<=d0 h=0; else h=1; end result(i,j)=h*g(i,j); endendres

66、ult=ifftshift(result);y2=ifft2(result);y3=uint8(real(y2);imshow(y3); end % - executes on button press in batewosi.18.高通滤波器程序：function gaotonglvboqi_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles)% hobject handle to gaotonglvboqi (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% han

67、dles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)% hobject handle to gaosigaotonglb (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)%¸ßͨÂ˲¨Æ÷axes(handles.

68、axes1);x=(handles.img);if isrgb(x) msgbox('ÕâÊDzÊɫͼÏñ,²»ÄÜͨ¹ý¸ßͨÂ˲¨Æ÷','ʧ°Ü');elsey1=imnoise(x,'gaussian

69、'); %¼Ó¸ß˹ÔëÉùf=double(y1); % Êý¾ÝÀàÐÍת»»k=fft2(f); % ¸µÁ¢Ò¶±ä»»g=fftshift(k); % ת»»Êý¾Ý¾

70、;ØÕóm,n=size(g);nn=2;d0=3; %½ØֹƵÂÊΪ3m=fix(m/2); n=fix(n/2);for i=1:m for j=1:n d=sqrt(i-m)2+(j-n)2); % ¼ÆËã¸ßͨÂ˲¨Æ÷´«µÝº¯Êý if d<=d0 h=0; else h=1; end result(i,j)=h*g(i,j); endendresult=ifftshift(result);y2=ifft2(result);y3=uint8(real(y2);imshow(y3); end % - executes on button pr