【精品】浅谈小学数学课堂教学艺术

1、连云港师范高等专科学校小学数学课堂教学艺术系科：数学与应用数学系班级：10数学教育i班姓名： 闫泳合浅谈小学数学课堂教学艺术连云港师范高等专科学校数学与应用数学系10数学教育1班闫泳合摘要：课程实施的基本途径是教学。教学艺术是教师熟练地运用综合的教学技能、技巧，按照科学规律进行的一种独创性的教学实践活动。它具有形象性、情感性、灵 活性、娱乐性、创造性等特点。它们既彼此相互联系又各自具有不同的内容和表现 形式。作为教师在课程实施的过程中要以学生为学习的主体，落实新课程的核心理 念一一“一切为了每一位学生的发展”。因此在教学中我们要改变原有的教学方式, 让我们的课堂教学成为学生获得知识的沃土，从而

2、使我们的学生在生活、情感、道 德、人格等方面得到全面的发展。关键词：小学数学课堂教学艺术有人认为数学是一种工具，也有人认为数学是一种语言是一种文化。数学的应 用更是涉及各行各业、各科学领域。掌握一定的数学知识和技能是一个人应具备的 文化素养之一。在小学让学生打好数学基础，发展思维能力，培养学生的数学的兴 趣和创新意识，养成良好的学习习惯，对学生的成长和提高全民族的文化素质具有 重要的意义。课堂教学是实施课程的基本途径，而传统的教学方式是一种以知识为本位的教 学，也就是说知识是第一位的，知识的价值是本位的，情感、态度、智力、以及能 力等其他方面的价值都是附属的。这种课堂教学仅仅只关注传授知识，而

3、不是关注 具体的有个性的人。其实在课程实施的过程中学生才是学习的主人，我们应该更多 的关注学生。因此我们的课堂教学要成为学生获得知识的过程，成为学生一种高尚 的道德生活和丰富的人生体验的过程。观念是我们行为的灵魂，教学观念对于课堂教学起着指导和统率的作用，教师 确立新的教学观念是实施课堂教学改革的首要任务。我认为以新课程理念为指导， 增强小学数学课堂教学的艺术性应当从以下几个方面入手。一、以学生为学习主体，以激发兴趣为教学目标数学教学不仅是一门科学，而且也是一门艺术。在小学数学教学中，应积极培养 学生兴趣,让学生在愉快的气氛中学习，这是调动学生学习积极性，提高教学质量，减 轻学生课业负担的根本

4、保证。因此在课堂教学过程中，要以学生为主体，引导学生“学 然后行，思然后得”，变“要我学”为“我要学”。二、落实新课程要求创设崭新的教学环境（一）充分利用多媒体教学手段在小学数学教学中，应用题教学占有很大份量。由于小学生年龄小，理解能力 较差，其年龄特点正处在从形象思维逐步向抽象思维过渡阶段。在教学中运用多媒 体教学手段开展应用题等方面的教学活动，提高小学数学的教学质量。如一年级学 生在学习简单的加减法应用题时，用投影演示：池水边有3只天鹅，飞走了 1只， 问还有几只天鹅。通过看投影学生列出了算式3-1=2,明白了 “一共”、“还剩” 等数学术语。（二）开展探究性学习活动营造学生主动参与氛围新

5、课程标准指出，有效的数学学习不能单纯地依赖、模仿和记忆，而需要学生 动手实践，需要学生自主探索与合作交流。所以我们应该在数学教学中经常组织小 组讨论，在活动中让学生在小组里自由发言，以大家的智慧发现问题和解决问题。 在小组讨论中学生们的思想活跃，总结出了各种各样的分类方法。让全体学生都能 够体会到成功的喜悦。三、课堂教学设计的整体艺术要想上好一堂数学课，需要教师在课堂教学设计的整体上下功夫。作为一名数 学教师，要确定数学教学目标、确定教学重点和难点，具备确定教学结构和选择教 学方法的艺术。（一）数学课堂的导入艺术在新课导入时的方法很多，主要有旧知导入法、设疑导入法、故事导入法、计 算导入法、喻

6、理导入法、演示导入法、操作导入法等等，我们可以根据所学内容选 择合适的导入方法。例如在学习新旧知识联系性比较强的知识时，我们可以采用旧 知导入法，在学习计算类知识时可以采用计算导入法，在学习图形知识时则可以多 采用多媒体教学手段运用演示导入法等。（二）数学课堂结尾的艺术数学课堂教学的总结很重要，精典的课堂总结有助于学生构筑知识网络，消化 知识内容，达到事半功倍的效果。在小学数学课堂教学中应当遵循画龙点睛、首尾 呼应、适可而止的原则，教师语言易精不易多，易简不易繁，易浅不易深。在结尾 时可以运用科学的方法，比如运用新旧联系法、归纳总结法、前后呼应法、学生小 结法、情境应用法、活动游戏法和开拓延伸

7、法等等。四、运用好教师的身体语言表达艺术教师的身体语言表达艺术是指教师在教学中创造性地运用体态、手势、表 情、眼神等非言语因素进行的教学表达活动方式，是对教师教学语言表达的重要补 充形式。教师的身体语言表达艺术具有传递信息和美化教师形象的功能。在教学中，数 学教师利用身体语言传递方式，则能在总体上加强教学信息传递的真实性、形象性 和科学性，加深对学生各种感官的刺激，从而促进他们对教师传递信息的深刻理解, 收到理想的教学效果。有时候，一个眼神、表情或者一个手势等无声语言能充分反 映出教师的气质和人格，也会深深地印在学生心目之中。教师的面部表情常常是学生最关注的地方。板着面孔的老师，会令学生感觉压

8、 抑、恐慌。温和可亲的教师，却又会有神奇的教育功能。有人说教师的微笑是阳光 可以温暖学生冰冻的心灵；教师的微笑是春风，可以催开学生心灵的蓿蕾；教师的 微笑是栈桥，可以沟通师生之间的心灵；教师的微笑是天使，可以唤起学生对美的 追求。所以教师要学会恰当地利用面部表情，有效地传递信息和形成良好的育人氛 围。眼睛是心灵的窗户。在教学的双向交流中，学生的眼神常常起到了反馈信息的 作用，而教师的目光则起到了调节信号的作用。一个善于运用目光语的教师，会根 据学生的眼神来不断修正自己的教学方案，能够给学生以无言的激励对于做小动作 的学生，教师可投射以严肃的目光注视他，以示制止。在学生回答问题时，教师可 用信任

9、的眼神期待他鼓励他。体态是指身体的姿态，是身体的造型。表达思想感情的体态包括头语、身姿和 手势三种。体态和谐，是教师有素养和精神内涵的表现，它可以表达肯定、赞扬、 鼓励、否定、批评的意图。手势也是教师在教学中经常运用的身体语言，主要包括 情意手势、指示手势和象征手势。情意手势主要表达教师的情感，使其形象化、具 体化。在课堂教学中，应当注意的是教师的手势要少而精，否则会使学生眼花缭乱, 其教学效果将适得其反。参考文献：崔相录、王晋堂，教育个性化和教学策略，山东教育出版社2001年5月。discussion on primary schoolmathematics classroom teachi

10、ng artlianyungang teacher's college department of mathematics and appliedmathematics10 mathematics education class 1 丫an yongheabstract: the fun dame ntal way is to implement curriculum teaching. the art of teachi ng is teachers* skilled use of integrated teachi ng skills, skills, accordi ng to

11、the laws of science is an original teachi ng activities .it has vivid, emoti onal, flexibility, entertaining, creative characteristics they are interconnected to each other and each has different con tents and forms as teachers in curriculum implementation process must take the student as the main b

12、ody of learning, implementing the core concept of new course all is for the development of each student”. therefore, in teaching, we should change the original way of teaching, let the classroom teaching be students acquire knowledge of the fertile soil, so that our students in life, emotion, morali

13、ty, personality and other aspects of comprehensive development.key words: primary school mathematics classroom teachi ng artsome people think that mathematics is a tool, also somebody thinks that mathematics is a ianguage is a kind of culture the application of mathematics is involved in all walks o

14、f life, all fields of science. master mathematical knowledge and skills is a person should have the cultural literacy of. in the primary school allows students to lay a good foundation for mathematics, develop the ability of thinking, the cultivation of students* interest in mathematics and the cons

15、ciousness of innovation, to develop good study habits, the growth of the students and improve the cultural quality of the whole nation has important significance.classroom teaching is the basic way to implement the curriculum, the traditional teaching method is a kind of knowledge as the standard of

16、 teaching, that is to say knowledge is the first, the value of knowledge is the standard, emotion, attitude and ability, intelligence, and other aspects of the value is affiliated. this kind of classroom teachi ng only pays attenti on to the imparting of knowledge, rather than on specific individual

17、. in fact, in the curriculum implementation of the students in the process of learning is the host, we should pay more attention to the students. therefore, our classroom teachi ng should be stude nt kno wledge gained from the course, students become a noble moral life and rich life experience.idea

18、is our behavior soul, teaching idea in class teachi ng plays a guiding and leading role of teachers, establish a new teaching idea is the primary task of the implementation of classroom teaching reform. i think that with the new curriculum idea as the instruction, to enhance primary school mathemati

19、cs classroom teachi ng art should be from the following several aspects one, the student-ce ntered, to stimulate in terest as teachi ng targetmathematics is not only a scienee, but also an art. in mathematics teaching in primary school, should actively cultivate students interest, lets the student i

20、n the happy atmosphere of learning, this is to mobilize the enthusiasm of students, improve teachi ng quality, reduce the academic burden on students is the fun dame ntal guarantee therefore in the process of teachi ng, make the students as the main part, guide the students to "learn to leap,*&

21、#39; then”，change” to me" as n i want to learn*.two, implement the new curriculum requirements to create a new teaching environ merit(a ) make full use of multimedia teachi ng meansin primary school mathematics teaching, the application topic teachi ng holds considerable weight. because pupils

22、age is small, poor listening comprehension, the age is in the image thinking to abstract thinking transition stage in the teachi ng the use of multimedia teaching means to carry out the applicati on problems and other aspects of teachi ng activities, improve the teaching quality of primary school ma

23、thematics. as a student in learning the simple addition and subtraction problems, using projection demonstration: water side there are 3 swans, fly away 1, asks if there are few swans. see through the projection students lists equation 31 = 2, see "up"," left*' and other mathemati

24、cal terminology.(two) to carry out inquiry learning activities to create students* active participation in atmospherethe new curriculum standard pointed out, effective mathematics learning cannot simply rely on, imitation and memory, and require students to get handson practice, requires students to

25、 independently explore exchanges and cooperation. so we should be in teaching mathematics often organize a group discussion, in activity among students in the group to speak freely, to everybod/s wisdom to find and solve problems during the group discussion middle school students active thinking, su

26、mmed up a variety of classification methods. let all students to experience the joy of success.in three, the overall design of the art of classroom teachi ngwant a good mathematics lesson, the need for teachers in classroom teaching design overall efforts. as a mathematics teacher, to determine the

27、goals of mathematics teaching, to determine the focal point and the difficulty, have iden tified the teachi ng structure and the choice of teaching methods of the art.(a ) the mathematics classroom into artat the begi rrning of a new less on for many, mainly doing import law, set up the suspect into

28、 law, story into the method, calculation method, introduced yu li into law, presentation leading-in method, operation guiding method and so on, we can according to the content selection of suitable introduction method. for example in learning new knowledge links are relatively strong knowledge, we c

29、an use the old knowledge into law, in learning knowledge can be used when computing into law, after studying graphic knowledge when they can use the use of multimedia teachi ng methods such as demonstration in troduction method.(two) mathematics classroom artmathematics classroom teaching summary is

30、 very imports nt, the classic summary helps stude nts to con struct knowledge n etwork, digest the kno wledge content, to achieve a multiplier eff ect. i n primary school mathematics classroom teachi ng should follow the finishing touch, live, not overdo sth. principle, teachers* ianguage easy to fi

31、ne is not easy, easy to jane not easy propagation, easy shallow to deep .in the end you can use the scientific method, such as the use of old and new contact method, inductive method, before and after the echo method, students* summary method, situational application method, game method and extend m

32、ethod etc.four, make good use of teachers* body language expression artteachers* body language expression art refers to teachers in the teaching of creative use of posture, gesture, facial expression, eye and other non-verbal factors in the teaching activities of expression way, is the teacher teach

33、i ng ianguage to express the important complement.teachers* body ianguage expression art has the transmission of information and beautify the image of the teacher *s function. in the teachi ng, mathematics teachers to use body ianguage transfer mode, can be in overall strengthening the teachi ng inf

34、ormation authe nticity, image and the scientific nature, deepen the students of various sensory stimulation, thereby facilitating their teachers convey information and profound understanding, received good teaching effect. sometimes, a look, expression or a gesture to the silent language can fully s

35、how their temperament and personality, will be deeply imprinted on the minds of stude nts.the teacher's facial expressions are often students are most concerned about the place. the board face teacher, will make students feel depressed, panic. amiable teachers, but there will be a magical functi

36、on of education. some people say the teacher's smile is the sun can warm the student a frozen heart; teacher's smile is spring breeze, can be forced open the minds of students bud; teacher *s smile is the zhanqiao, can communicate between the teachers and the students mind; teacher *s smile

37、is the an gel, can arouse the stude nts' pursuit of beauty. so teachers must learn the proper use of facial expressions, effective transmission of information and to form a good atmosphere for education.the eyes are the windows of the soul. in the teaching of two-way communication, their eyes often played the role of feedba