高考英语虚拟语气练习及详解

1、虚拟语气一、考点聚焦1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中(1)表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去式(be动词的过去式用 were) ”,而主句中的谓语动词用"would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形"。如：If I were a boy, I would join the army.If the had time, she should go with you.(2)表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用 "would / should / might / could + have

2、 + 过去分词”。如：If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.(3)表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或should(were to) +动词原形，而主句中的谓语动词则用would / should/could might +动词原形。如；If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.(4)当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形 式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整

3、。如：If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)以下表格是虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中时，主句和从句谓语动词的形式：条件状语从句主句与过去事实相 反had +过去分词should /would/could/might + have + 过去分词与现在事实相 反一M过去时(be用were)would/should/could/might + 动词原形与将来事实相 反一般过去时或 should(were to) +动词原形Would/should/cold/might +动词原形有时侯在使用时可省略if,句子

4、则可换成下列形式，即“were / had / should注语"。如:Were I a boy, I would join the army.Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句(1)虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。“wish琅语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为 要是就好了 ”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could +

5、动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had +过去分词"或"could(should) + have +过去分词”。如：I wish it were spring all the year round.I wish I had known the answer.I wish I could fly like a bird.在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词 suggest advise、 propose、 demand、 require、 insist request command> order等后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should +动词原形或是

6、动词原形。如：She suggested we (should)leave here at once.The doctor ordered she should be operated.（ 2）虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。作表示建议、 要求、 命令等的名词advise、 idea、 order 、 demand、 plan 、 proposal、 suggestion、request 等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用 “（ should） + 动词原形” 。如：His suggestion that we （should）go to Shanghai is wonder

7、ful.My idea is that they （should）pay 100 dollars.（ 3）虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。在主语从句中， 谓语动词的虚拟语气用 “should +动词原形 ” 的结构， 表示惊奇、 不相信、理应如此等。如：It is necessary（important, natural, strange, etc.）that we should clean the room every day.It was a pity （a shame, no wonder, etc.）that you should be so careless.It will be des

8、ired（suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.）that she should finish her homework this afternoon.注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感， that 从句也可用陈述句语气。如：It is pity that you can t swim.3、虚拟语气在其他场合的运用（ 1）虚拟语气在as if/as though 、 even if/even though 等引导的表语从句或状语从句中，如果从句表示的动作

9、发生在过去，用过去完成时； 指现在状况，则用一般过去时； 指将来状况则用过去将来时。如：He did it as if he were an expert.Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem.（ 2）虚拟语气用于定语从句中。这种从句常用于句型“Itis （high）time （that）”中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时（be用were）或should +动词原形，意思是"现在）该”。如：It s time that I picked up my daughter.It s high time we were

10、 going.（ 3）虚拟语气用在if only 引导的感叹句中。如：If only I were a bird.If only I had taken his advice.（ 4）虚拟语气在一些简单句中的运用。情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气委婉，常出现在日常会话中。如：It would be better for you not to stay up too late.Would you be kind enough to close the door?用于一些习惯表达法中。如：Would you like a cup of tea?I would ra

11、ther not tell you.二、精典名题导解选择填空1. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it . （NMET 95）A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken解析：答案为 C。本题考查的是as if引导的让步状语从句中的语气问题，as if引导的状语从句如果与事实一致，不用虚拟语气，如果与事实相反，应用虚拟语气。题中 “当铅笔的一部分浸在水中，铅笔看上去好像断了” 。而实际上铅笔并未断，与事实相反，前半部分陈述是一般现在时，因而本句是

12、对一般现在时的虚拟，用 were broken。2. I didn ' see your sister at the meeting. If she, she would have met my brother.(NMET 94)A.has come B.did come C.came D.had come解析：答案为 Do本题考查的是if条件句中的虚拟语气。题意是：我在会议上没看到 你姐姐，故你姐姐没来。因此如果 她来了 ”与事实相反，前面一句交代了虚拟语气的时态是一般过去时的虚拟，所以if从句中用had+过去分词。3. If he, he that food.一Luckily he

13、 was sent to the hospital immediately.(NMET 93)A.was warned; would not takeB.had been warned; would not have takenC.would be warned; had not takenD.would have been warned; had not taken解析：答案为B。本题考查的是条件状语从句与主句表示与事实相反时虚拟语气的用法。 根据下一句语境可知，他事先并没有得到警告，表示过去时间的虚拟语气，故选Bo虚拟语气1. I enjoyed the movie very much .

14、 I wish I the book from which it was made .A. have read B. had read C. should have read D. am reading2. You are late . If you a few minutes earlier,you him .A . came; Would meetB . had come; Would have metC. come; Will meet D . had come; would meet3. I can ' t stand hinHe always talks as though

15、he everything A . knew B. knows C. has know D . had known4. His doctor suggested that he short trip abroad .A . will take B . would takeC. take D. took5. We might have failed if you us a helping hand.A . have not given B . would not give C. had not given D. did not give6. The law requires that every

16、rone his car checked at least once a month.A . hasB . haveC. hadD. will have7. He was busy yesterday, otherwise he to the meeting .A . would come B . would have been C. could have been D. would be8. If there were no subjunctive mood , English much easier.A . will be B . would have been C. could have

17、 been D. would be9. the fog, we should have reached our schoo1.A . Because of B . In spite of C. In case of D. But for10. What will you do during winter vacation?I don ' t knowbut it' s about time somethingA . I decided B. I ' ll decide C. I ' d decided D . I ' m deciding 11. He

18、was very busy yesterday, otherwise , he to your birthday party .A . would come B . came C. would have come D. should come12. The two strangers talked as if they friends for years .A . should be B . had been C. have been D . were13. Look! What you ' ve done!Youhave been more careful.A . shouldB .

19、 mayC. oughtD . would14. Without electricity , what?A. will the world be likeB . would the world be likeC. the world will be likeD . the World Would be like15.With your ability , youA . could have workedout the puzzle within a few minutes .B . need have workedB. C. ought have workedD . must have wor

20、ked16. My suggestion is that the sick boy to hospital as soon as possible.A. is taken B . must be takenC. be taken D . has to be taken17. If we had not missed the bus , we lunch at home now .A . would have had B . would have C. must be having D . would be having 18. here yesterday, he would attend t

21、he lecture with us today .A . Had he been B. If he were C. Were he D. Should be he19. His tired face suggested that he really tired after the 1ong walk .A . had been B. was C. be D. should be20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.Do you feel that I the problem in a different way the other day?B. should have solved

22、 C. have solved D. solved't comeIyee on time , we would have to put off the meetingB. would comeC. shouldn ' t come D . doesn ' t comeA. should come 0ur chairman hasnA. should comeHe insisted that he really very tried and that he to have a rest.A. was; be allowedB . was; must be allowedC

23、. should be; must be allowed D . should be; be allowedHe did his best in everything ； he would not have been what he was.A . and B . but C. otherwise D . but thatI do I could give you a hand .A. hope B. wish C. expectD. thinkI Would rather she tomorrow than today .A. come B. cameC. shouldD. has come

24、The guard at the gate insisted that everybody the rules.A . obeys B . obey C. will obey D . Would obey I her if I thought she would understand .A . would tell B . will tell C. Would have to1d D. told28. The teacher requires Rose by heart 15 English words each day .A. 1earnB. to learn C. must learnD.

25、 1earning29. If he, he that food . Luckily he was sent to the hospita1 immediate1y .A . Was warmed ; would not takeB . had been warmed; wou1d not have takenC. would be warmed ; had not taken D . would have been warmed ; had not taken 30. Without electricity human life quite different today .A . is B

26、. will be C. would have been D. Would be虚拟语气l-5 BBACC 6-10 BBDDA 11-15 CBABA 16-20 CDABBD 21-25 CACBB 26-30BCBBD虚拟语气强化训练1 . Were it not for the snowy weather, we all right.A. would beB. would have been C. wereD. may be2 .more careful, his ship would not have sunk.A. If the captain wereB. Had the cap

27、tain beenC. Should the captain beD. If the captain would have been3. If he me tomorrow, I would let him know.A. should callB. should not have been ableC. were not ableD. are not able4. If you asked your father, you permission.A. may getB. might getC. should have called D. maybe get5. today, he would

28、 get there by Friday.A. Would he leaveB. Was he leavingC. Were he to leaveD. If he leaves6. I you, I would go with him to the party.A. WasB. Had beenC. Will beD. Were7. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he our chairman now.A. must have beenB. would have been C. wereD. would be8.

29、 the English examination I would have gone to the concert last SundayA. In spite ofB. But forC. Because ofD. As for9. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I your adviceD. have followedD. did have won_a sudden loud noise.D. there having been dthere by now.D. be circlingA. followB. would fo

30、llowC. had followed10. If the horse won today, it thirty races in five years.A. would have wonB. wonC. must have won11. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _A. being there B. should there be C. there was12. If you hadn t taken such a long time to get dressed, we A. be

31、B. circlesC. is circling13. I wish I with her.A. would beB. amC. wasD. were14. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish Ito it.D. can not have goneA. had not gone B. have not gone C. did not go15. George would certainly have attended the meeting, .A. if he didn t get a flat tireB. if the fla

32、t tire hadn t happenedC. had he not had a flat tireD. had the tire not flattened itself16. The teacher suggested that her students experiences with ESP.A. write a composition on theirB. to write composition about theC. wrote some compositions of his or her D. had written any compositions for his17.

33、He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he a Chinese.A. wereB. had beenC. isD. has been18. Looking round the town, he felt as though he away for ages.A. has beenB. wasC. isD. had been19. Most insurance agents would rather you anything about collecting claims untilthey investigate the situation.A. doB. d

34、on tC. didn tD. didn t do20. It is important that the TOEFL office your registration.A. will confirm B. confirmC. confirmsD. must confirm21. Without electronic computers, much of today s advance_d_te_c_h_n_o_l_o_g.yA. will not have been achievedB. have not been achievedD. had not been achievedC. wou

35、ld not have been achieved22. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he a Chinese.A. wereB. had beenC. isD. has been23. It is time that the government measures to protect the rare birds and animals.A. takesB. tookC. has takenD. taking24. Some people are too particular about school records, insisting tha

36、t every applicant all diplomas from elementary school to university.A. hasB. will haveC. should have D. must have25. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he to the meeting.A. would comeB. cameC. would have comeD. had come26. If I had seen the movie, I you all about it now.A. would tellB. will tellC

37、. have toldD. would have told27. I had hoped that John a year in Africa, but he stayed there only for three months.A. spendsB. spentC. would spend D. will spend28. It s high time they this road.A. mendB. mendedC. must have mended D. will mend29. It s about time people notice of what women did during

38、 the war.A. takeB. tookC. have takenD. will take30. He s working hard for fear that he .A. should fall behindB. fell behindC. may fall behindD. would fall behind31. In the past men generally preferred that their wives in the home.A. workedB. would workC. workD. were working32. For a child to give up

39、 his less mature idea for a more mature one, it requires that the child psychologically ready for the new idea.D. would beD. she waitedD. were signingA. isB. wereC. be33. Your advice that till next week is reasonable.A. she waitsB. she waitC. wait she34. It was essential that we lease before the end

40、 of the month.A. singB. singedC. had signed35. I advised that the sick child a hospital as soon as possible.B. should be sentA. should send toC. be went toD. must be sent to36. The workers in the factory demanded that their pay be 20 percent.A. be raisedB. would be raised C. raisedD. raise37. The gu

41、ard at the gate insisted that everybody the rules.A. obeysB. obeyC. will obeyD. would obey38. My suggestion is that she more exercise, which will do a lot ofgood to her.A. takesB.must takeC.takeD. took39. If only I driving before.A. learnB.learnedC.had learnedD. would learn40. she yesterday, she wou

42、ld meet the famous singer today.A. If, didntleaveB. Had not, leftC. Hadn t, leftD. Didn t, leave答案1 20: ABABC DDBCA BADAC AADDB21 40: CDBCC ACBBA CCBAC ABCCC高考虚拟语气:1. - If he , he that food.- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned would not takeB. had been warned would not have takenC. would be warned had not takenD. would have been warned had not taken2. I didn t see your sister at the meeting. If she , she would have met my brother.A. has comeB. did com