华为eNSP配置实例10——OSPF单区域路由配置

1、十十. OSPF单区域单区域路由路由配置配置场景场景 你是公司的网络管理员。现在公司的网络准备使用OSPF协议来进行路由信息的传递。规划网络中所有路由器属于OSPF的区域0实际使用中需要向OSPF发布默认路由，此外你也希望通过这次部署了解DR/BDR选举的机制。 网络拓扑10.0.12.2/2410.0.12.1/24Loopback 010.0.2.2/24Loopback 010.0.1.1/24Loopback 010.0.3.3/2410.0.23.2/2410.0.23.1/24注：loopback不是一个设备，是在路由器里设置出来的Loopback 2172.0.16.1/24步骤

2、一步骤一. 基本配置与基本配置与IP编址编址R1的基本配置undo ter monsysHuaweisysname R1R1int s0/0/0R1-Serial0/0/0ip addr 10.0.12.1 24R1-Serial0/0/0undo shutR1-Serial0/0/0int loopback 0R1-LoopBack0ip addr 10.0.1.1 24R2的基本配置undo ter monsysHuaweisysname R2R2int s0/0/0R2-Serial0/0/0ip addr 10.0.12.2 24R2-Serial0/0/0undo shutR2-Se

3、rial0/0/0int s0/0/1R2-Serial0/0/1ip addr 10.0.23.2 24R2-Serial0/0/1undo shutR2-Serial0/0/1int loopback 0R2-LoopBack0ip addr 10.0.2.2 24R3的基本配置undo ter monsysHuaweisysname R3R3int s0/0/1R3-Serial0/0/1ip addr 10.0.23.1 24R3-Serial0/0/1undo shutR3-Serial0/0/1int loopback 0R3-LoopBack0ip addr 10.0.3.3 2

4、4步骤二步骤二. OSPF配置配置 定义R1的Loopback0接口地址10.0.1.1作为R1的Router ID，使用默认的OSPF进程号1，将10.0.12.0/24、10.0.1.0/24网段定义到OSPF区域0。R1ospf 1 router-id 10.0.1.1 设置OSPF进程号1，路由器的身份编号（ID）为10.0.1.1R1-ospf-1area 0 设置ospf的区域0R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255 将网络10.0.1.0 通告给OSPF协议， 0.0.0.255是该网络的反掩码R1-ospf-1-area

5、-0.0.0.0network 10.0.12.0 0.0.0.255R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0quitR1-ospf-1解释：同一个路由器可以开启多个OSPF进程，默认进程号为1，由于进程号只具有本地意义，所以同一路由域的不同路由器可以使用相同或不同的OSPF进程号；network命令后面需使用反掩码。 定义R2的Loopback0接口地址10.0.2.2作为R2的Router ID，配置使用OSPF进程号10，将10.0.12.0/24、 10.0.23.0/24和10.0.2.0/24两个网段定义到OSPF区域0。R2ospf 10 router-id 10.0.2.2

6、R2-ospf-10area 0R2-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0network 10.0.2.0 0.0.0.255R2-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0network 10.0.12.0 0.0.0.255R2-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0network 10.0.23.0 0.0.0.255R2-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0quitR2-ospf-10quit定义R3的Loopback0接口地址10.0.3.3作为R3的Router ID，配置使用OSPF进程号100，将10.0.23.0/24和10.0.3.0/24两个网段定义到OSPF区域

7、0。R3ospf 100 router-id 10.0.3.3 R3-ospf-100area 0R3-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0network 10.0.3.0 0.0.0.255R3-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0network 10.0.23.0 0.0.0.255R3-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0quitR3-ospf-100quitR3步骤三步骤三. 检查路由无误检查路由无误查看R1、R2和R3的路由表，确认各路由器已经学习到以下红色突出显示部分的RIP路由。 R1display ip routing-tableRoute Flags: R

8、- relay, D - download to fib- 10.0.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.1.1 LoopBack0 10.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0 10.0.2.2/32 OSPF 10 1562 D 10.0.12.2 Serial0/0/0 10.0.3.3/32 OSPF 10 3124 D 10.0.12.2 Serial0/0/0 10.0.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.1 Serial0/0/0 10.0.12.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1

9、 Serial0/0/0 10.0.12.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.2 Serial0/0/0 10.0.23.0/24 OSPF 10 3124 D 10.0.12.2 Serial0/0/0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0查看R2的路由表R2dis ip routDestination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 10.0.1.1/32 OSPF 1

10、0 1562 D 10.0.12.1 Serial0/0/0 10.0.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.2.2 LoopBack0 10.0.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0 10.0.3.3/32 OSPF 10 1562 D 10.0.23.1 Serial0/0/1 10.0.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.2 Serial0/0/0 10.0.12.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.1 Serial0/0/0 10.0.12.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1

11、 Serial0/0/0 10.0.23.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.23.2 Serial0/0/1 10.0.23.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.23.1 Serial0/0/1 10.0.23.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Serial0/0/1 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0查看R3的路由表R3dis ip routRoute Flags: R - relay, D -

12、download to fib-10.0.1.1/32 OSPF 10 3124 D 10.0.23.2 Serial0/0/1 10.0.2.2/32 OSPF 10 1562 D 10.0.23.2 Serial0/0/1 10.0.3.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.3.3 LoopBack0 10.0.3.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0 10.0.12.0/24 OSPF 10 3124 D 10.0.23.2 Serial0/0/1 10.0.23.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.23.1 Serial0/0/1

13、 10.0.23.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Serial0/0/1 10.0.23.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.23.2 Serial0/0/1 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0用ping来测试连通性ping 10.0.1.1 PING 10.0.1.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 10.0.1.1: bytes=56 Se

14、quence=1 ttl=254 time=50 ms Reply from 10.0.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=50 ms Reply from 10.0.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=60 ms Reply from 10.0.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=50 ms Reply from 10.0.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=60 ms - 10.0.1.1 ping statistics - 5 p

15、acket(s) transmitted 5 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 50/54/60 ms步骤四步骤四. 查看其他信息查看其他信息使用display ip routing-table protocol ospf命令可以查看通过OSPF学到的路由，同样可以在R2和R3上进行相同操作。dis ip rout protocol ospfRoute Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib-Public routing table : OSPF Destination

16、s : 3 Routes : 3 OSPF routing table status : Destinations : 3 Routes : 3Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 10.0.2.2/32 OSPF 10 1562 D 10.0.12.2 Serial0/0/0 10.0.3.3/32 OSPF 10 3124 D 10.0.12.2 Serial0/0/0 10.0.23.0/24 OSPF 10 3124 D 10.0.12.2 Serial0/0/0OSPF routing table status

17、 : Destinations : 0 Routes : 0使用display ospf peer命令查看OSPF邻居状态。display ospf peer OSPF Process 10 with Router ID 10.0.2.2 Neighbors Area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.0.12.2(Serial0/0/0)s neighbors Router ID: 10.0.12.1 Address: 10.0.12.1 State: Full Mode:Nbr is Master Priority: 1 DR: None BDR: None MTU: 0 Dead

18、 timer due in 34 sec Retrans timer interval: 5 Neighbor is up for 00:21:43 Authentication Sequence: 0 续下页接上页Neighbors Area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.0.23.2(Serial0/0/1)s neighbors Router ID: 10.0.3.3 Address: 10.0.23.1 State: Full Mode:Nbr is Master Priority: 1 DR: None BDR: None MTU: 0 Dead timer due in

19、 29 sec Retrans timer interval: 5 Neighbor is up for 00:21:32 Authentication Sequence: 0 使用display ospf peer命令可以显示邻居的详细信息，由上输出可以看出，R2有两个邻居R1（Router ID: 10.0.12.1）和R2（Router ID: 10.0.3.3），而且邻居状态都是完全邻接状态。也可以使用display ospf peer brief命令以更简洁的方式查看邻居状态。 dis ospf peer brief OSPF Process 10 with Router ID 10.0.2.2 Peer Statistic Information - Area Id Interface Neighbor id State 0.0.0.0 Serial0/0/0 10.0.12.1 Full 0.0.0.0 Serial0/0/1 10.0.3.3 Full 步骤五步骤五. OSPF缺省路由发布及验证缺省路由发布及验证 1.先给R3增加1个loopback接口，设置IP为172.0.16.1/24 R3 int loopback 2R3-LoopBack2ip addr 172.0.16.1 2