高中英语中主动表被动的动词---珍藏版

1、读书破万卷下笔如有神被动语态补充讲义主动表被动的动词一、连系动词类变化类 :become get turn grow make come go fall感官类 : look sound feel taste smell显得类 : seem appear look状态类 : keep stay remain lie sit stand (prove turn out)二、使役、感官动词类 : see look at watch notice observe let make have/get hear listen to feel 提示：吾看三室两厅一感觉三、主动表被动:sell wash bu

2、rn cook cut drive dress play last openwrite start run read act draw提示：说明主语的特点、性质、状态四、只接动名词做宾语的词 /词组 : consider suggest/advise look forward to excuse/pardon admit put off/delay/postpone fancy avoid miss keep/keep on practice deny finish enjoy/appreciate forbidimagine risk can t help mind allow/permit

3、escape提示：考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。 “to作”介词 get down to devote to lead to be/get/become used to go back to object to 带有介词 in succeed(in) spend/waste time(in) be busy(in)have a good/hard time(in)have difficulty/trouble(in) give up dislike feel like insist on cant standunderstand

4、 “值得 ”be worth=deservebe worthy of being done / be worthy to be doneblame 是有被动，但不是这个形式你就记住一些动词应用中只能用主动表示被动。1、 Need, want, require （要求， 需要） , deserve( 应得，值得 ), be worth 值得），not bear( 经不住 ) 后面接 doing 主动表被动。The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。The old building requires repairing.这座古建筑需要修了。These young seed

5、lings will require/need looking after (=need to be looked after)这些幼苗将需要小心的照管。你的头发该剪了。2、不定式作定语，放在被修饰词后面，与前面被修饰的名词或代词有动宾关系，又在句子中与另一名词或代词有主谓关系，不定式要用主动表被动含义。I have much work to do.我有许多要做的事情。（与work 有动宾关系，与I 有主谓关系）Tom is looking for a room to live in. Tom在找一间住的房间。（与room 有动宾关系，与Tom有主谓关系）他要维持一个家庭。（与family有动

6、宾关系，与he有主谓关系）这种书很畅销。这些衣服很易洗。这笔很好写。读书破万卷下笔如有神3、不定式修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词时，结构：主语 +系动词词+ 宾语 +形容词 +不定式。如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义，如+形容词+ 不定式； 动difficult, easy, comfortable(舒适的), convenient（便利的，方便的), hard, cheap, expensive,等，不定式用主动表被动。The question is difficult to answer.这个问题很难回答。The work is easy to do.这项工作很好做。I found the

7、 car comfortable to ride in.我觉得这种车很好坐。That makes poetry difficult to write.那就使得诗很难写。4、在 be to 结构中的一些不定式 :这种结构中的不定式通常应用主动表被动。下列动词用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义这场火灾应由谁负责You are to blame for the accident.你应为这事受动责备。The house is to let.此房出租。A lot remains to do.还剩下许多事情要做。5、系动词没有被动形式, 但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste( 吃起来), sound

8、 (听起来 ), prove( 证明是 ), feel( 摸上去感到 ), look( 看起来 )， smell( 闻起来 )等 ,例如你的理由听起来很合理。良药苦口。6、一些与 can''t( 不能 )或 won''t( 不会 )连用的动词。 常用的有 : lock( 锁住 ), shut( 关上 ) , open( 打开), act( 上演 ), write( 写 )，cut( 砍，切 )，wear( 穿，戴 )等 ,用作不及物动词时，用主动表被动。例如The door won''t open.这门打不开。It can''t

9、move.它不能动。7、一些动词如sell( 销售 ) , wash( 洗 ), clean( 打扫 ), burn( 燃烧 ), cook( 煮 )等与副词如well( 好 ),easily( 容易地 ), perfectly( 十分地 )等连用,描会事物的特性，用主动表被动，结构是主语词+ 加副词。例如+动TheThe pen writes well.8、主语 much, a great deal, little, what等，其表语如是不定式，则用不定式的主动表被动。What is to do?做什么？Much is to do.太多要做的事。9、在 “ there be句”型中作主语的

10、定语如果现在分词时，所用的现在分词要用主动表被动意义。There is nothing doing these days.这些天没事干。I see there s a good idea planning.我知道又在打好主意。读书破万卷下笔如有神ArchitectureArchitecture is the art and science of designing structures that organize and enclosespace for practical and symbolic purposes. Because architecture grows out of hum

11、an needs and aspirations, it clearly communicates cultural values. Of all the visual arts, architecture affects our lives most directly for it determines the character of the human environment in major ways.Architecture is a three-dimensional form. It utilizes space, mass, texture, line, light, and

12、color. To be architecture, a building must achieve a working harmony with a variety of elements. Humans instinctively seek structures that will shelter and enhance their way of life. It is the work of architects to create buildings that are not simply constructions but also offer inspiration and del

13、ight. Buildings contribute to human life when they provideshelter, enrich space, complement their site, suit the climate, and are economically feasible. The client who pays for the building and defines its function is an important member of the architectural team. The mediocre design of many contemp

14、orary buildingscan be traced to both clients and architects.Inorderfor thestructureto achievethesize andstrengthnecessarytomeetitspurpose,architectureemploysmethodsofsupportthat, because they arebasedonphysical laws, have changed little since people first discovered themeven while buildingmaterials

15、have changed dramatically. The world s architectural structuresalsohavebeendevised in relation to the objective limitations of materials. Structures can be analyzed intermsof howthey dealwithdownwardforcescreatedby gravity.Theyare designed towithstand the forces of compression (pushing together), te

16、nsion (pulling apart), bending,or a combination of these in different parts of the structure.Even development in architecture has been the result of major technological changes.Materialsandmethodsof constructionareintegralparts of the design ofarchitecturestructures. In earlier times it was necessar

17、y to design structural systems suitable for thematerialsthatwereavailable,suchaswood,stone,brick.Todaytechnologyhasprogressed to the point where it is possible to invent new building materials tosuit thetype of structure desired. Enormous changes in materials and techniques of constructionwithin the

18、 last few generations have made it possible to enclose space with much greaterease and speed and with a minimum of material. Progress in this area can be measuredby thedifferenceinweightbetween buildingsbuiltnowandthose ofcomparablesizebuilt one hundred years ago.Modern architecturalformsgenerallyha

19、vethreeseparatecomponentscomparableto elements of the human body: a supporting skeleton or frame, an outer skin enclosingthe interior spaces, andequipment, similar to the body s vital organs and systems. Theequipmentincludesplumbing,electricalwiring,hotwater,andair-conditioning.Ofcourseinearlyarchit

20、ecturesuch as igloosandadobestructurestherewas no suchequipment, and the skeleton and skin were often one.读书破万卷下笔如有神Much of the world s great architecture has been constructed of stone because of its beauty, permanence, and availability. In the past, whole cities grew from the arduous taskof cutting

21、 and piling stone upon. Some of the world s finest stone architecture can be seen in the ruins of the ancient Inca city of Machu Picchu high in theeastern Andes Mountains of Peru. The doorways and windows are made possible byplacing over theopen spaces thick stonebeamsthatsupportthe weightfromabove.Astructuralinventionhad to bemade before thephysicallimitationsofstonecouldbeovercome and new architectural forms could be created. That inv