精品文档人教课标高二选修8UnitCloningPPT演示课件PPT课件

1、第1页/共64页单单词词名词名词correction, objection, constitution, loaf, medium, assumption, regulation, claw, decoration, opera, twin, breakthrough, procedure, carrier, chorus, drawback, feather, turkey, flour动词动词differ, undertake, cast, object, obtain, attain, forbid, owe, accumulate, retire, bother, strike, re

2、sist, adore, hatch形容形容词词exact, straightforward, moral, unable, commercial, arbitrary, vain, initial, compulsory, conservative, reasonable副词副词altogether, shortly, merely第2页/共64页短语短语词词汇汇表表pay off, cast down, in favour of, (be) bound to (do), strike . into ones heart, from time to time, bring back to l

3、ife, in vain, in good / poor condition课课文文中中all the time, quantities of, make up ones mind, look back on, a matter of time, on the other hand, have a great impact on句式句式while连接两个并列分句连接两个并列分句e.g. Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated.语法语法 复习同位语复习同位语第3页/共64页1. _ v

4、t. 扔；投；掷2. _ vt. 打扰 vi. 操心 n. 烦扰3. _ vt. (forbade, forbad; forbidden) 禁止；不准 4. _ vt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱5. _ vi. 退休；离开6. _ adj. 不能的，不会的7. _ vt. & vi. 孵出；孵卵；孵化 cast botherforbidadoreretireunablehatch(一) 基本单词第4页/共64页8. _ adj. 道德上的，伦理的9. _ n. 程序；步骤；手续10. _ n. 装饰11. _ adv. 仅；只；不过12. _ n. 突破13. _ n. 规则；规章；法律14.

5、 _ n. 假定；设想15. _ vi. 获得；赢得16. _ vt. & vi. 积累；聚积17. _ vt. (undertook; undertaken) 着手；从事；承担moralproceduredecorationmerelybreakthroughregulationassumption obtainaccumulateundertake第5页/共64页18. _ n. 双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一 adj. 成对的；成双的19. _ adj. 简单的；直接的；坦 率的20. _ adv. 总共；完全地21. _ adj. 任意的22. _ n. (pl media) 媒介；手

6、段；工 具23. _vt. 获得；到达（水平、年 龄、状况等）24. _ adj. 保守的；守旧的twinstraightforwardaltogetherarbitrarymediumattainconservative第6页/共64页25. _ n. 宪法；章程26. _ adj. 必须做的；义务的；强 迫的；强制的27. _ vt. 欠（账、钱、人情 等）；归功于28. _ adv. 立刻；不久29. _ vt. & vi. (struck, struck) 打；撞击；罢工 n. 罢工30. _ adj. 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的constitutioncompulsoryowes

7、hortlystrikevain第7页/共64页1. _ vi. 相异；不同_ adj. 不同的 2. _ adj. 精确的；准确的_ adv. 准确地3. _ adj. 商业的；贸易的_ n. 贸易4. _ n. 改正；纠正；修正_ adj. 正确的；得体的 v. 改正；纠正 differdifferentexactexactlycommercialcommercecorrectioncorrect(二) 派生单词第8页/共64页5. _ vi. 反对；不赞成_ n. 不赞成；反对；异议 6. _ adj. 最初的；开始的_ adv. 最初7. _ vt. 抵抗；对抗_ n. 抵抗；抵触；反

8、对；阻力 8. _ adj. 合情理的；讲道理的；公 道的_ (反义) adj. 不合理的；过度 的；不切实际的 objectobjectioninitialinitiallyresistresistancereasonableunreasonable第9页/共64页1. _得到好结果；取得成功；偿 清 2. _ 沮丧；不愉快3. _ 大众传播媒体（如电视、报 纸等）4. _ 赞成；支持5. _ 旁路；支线；岔道6. _ 一定或注定（做）pay offcast downthe mediain favour ofside road(be) bound to (do)第10页/共64页7. _ 使

9、刻骨铭心8. _ 不时；偶尔9. _ 使复生；使复活10. _ 白费力气；枉费心机11. _ 状况很好（坏）； 情况很好（坏）strike into ones heartfrom time to timebring back to lifein vainin good/poor condition第11页/共64页The initial requirement is that you need perfect DNA which gives information for how cells are to grow. 结构分析：虽然句子不长，但却从句套从句，共有三个从句。第12页/共64页第1

10、3页/共64页1. object vi. 反对；不赞成(常接介词to)【归纳】object to sb./sth. = object to doing sth./ to sb. doing sth. 不同意；不赞成；反对【拓展】objection n. 反对，异议objective adj. 客观的，就事论事的第14页/共64页【运用】用object的适当形式填空。1) He didnt mean _ to my proposal, but did it.2) His idea is reasonable and _. to objectobjective第15页/共64页【归纳】 obtai

11、n sth. from. 从获得 obtain sth. through. 通过(某种方式或手段)获得2. obtain vt. 获得；赢得第16页/共64页【运用】用适当的介词填空。1) Surfing on internet is one of my hobbies; I can obtain much knowledge _ it.2) All people are driven to pursue happiness in life, but the vehicles _ we obtain happiness are different. fromthrough which第17页/

12、共64页3. owe vt. 欠（账、钱、人情等）；归功 于【归纳】 owe sb. sth.; owe sth. to sb. 欠（债） owe sb. sth.; owe sth. to sb./sth. 归因于，归功于，起源于 owing to 因为，由于第18页/共64页【运用】根据汉语意思完成句子。1) He still _ (欠我80美元) for my work.2) _ (因为下雨)，we couldnt come.3) 多亏有了你我才能活下来。 I owe _ you that I am still alive.4) 我的成功应该归功于我的老师。 I _ my teacher

13、s. owes me $80Owing to the rainowe my success toit to第19页/共64页4. bother 【归纳】bother既可作动词，也可作名词。 bother作动词： 使烦恼，使难受。常用结构：bother sb. that .; bother sb. with/about sth.; bother sb. to do sth.。如： It really bothered me that hed forgotten my birthday. Im sorry that I have to bother you with/ about this pro

14、blem. Hes always bothering me to lend him money.第20页/共64页 花费时间或精力（做某事）。常用结构：bother with/about sth.; bother to do sth.; bother doing sth.。如： He didnt bother with a reply. Dont bother to get dinner for me today; Ill eat out. Many young people didnt bother voting.第21页/共64页 打扰，搭话烦扰。如： Stop bothering me

15、when Im working. bother作名词，意为“麻烦，困难，令人烦恼的人或事”。如：Did you have much bother finding the house? What a bother! Weve missed the bus.第22页/共64页bother 干扰别人正常工作和生活，可能 是故意的。disturb 使人失去正常秩序而一时不得安 宁，语气比bother弱。trouble 指在心情上失去平衡而感到忧虑、苦恼或行动上带来不便，也常用于礼貌请求，May I trouble you for?bother, disturb, trouble第23页/共64页【运用

16、】完成下列句子。1) 他老是打电话给我，使我厌烦得很。 His phoning me all the time _.2) 什么事令你忧虑不安经济问题吗？ Whats _ money problems? 3) 她轻轻的开门，以免惊扰了睡着的孩子。 She opened the door quietly so as not to _ the sleeping child.troubling youbothers me a lotdisturb第24页/共64页5. resist v.【归纳】 抵抗，回击，反抗。如： She was charged with resisting arrest. Th

17、e soldiers resisted (the enemy attacks) for two days. 抵制，阻挡。其后接动词作宾语时，要用动词-ing形式。如： The bank strongly resisted cutting interest rates.第25页/共64页 忍住，抵挡。其后接动词作宾语时，要用 动词-ing形式。如： John couldnt resist showing off his new car. 不受（某事物）的损害或影响，抗，耐。 如： A healthy diet should help your body resist infection. We

18、need a kind of glass that resists heat.【拓展】 resistance n. 抵抗，反抗，电阻，抵抗力 resistant adj. 抵抗的，有抵抗力的第26页/共64页6. strike vt. & vi. (struck, struck) 打；撞击；罢工 n. 罢工【归纳】 strikewith 用敲打 strike against 撞到 It strike sb. that. 某人突然意识到 be struck by 被打动；深受感动 be on strike 在罢工第27页/共64页【运用】根据汉语意思完成句子。1) He was so a

19、ngry that he _ his fist. 他气得用拳头砸桌子。2) The visitors _ the beauty of the tourist area. 游客被旅游区的美景迷住了。3) _ that we could use a computer to do the job. 突然想到我们可以用电脑去做这项工作。were struck bystruck the table withIt suddenly struck me第28页/共64页7. vain adj. 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的【归纳】 in vain 白费力气；枉费心机【运用】根据汉语意思完成句子。1) She cl

20、osed her eyes tightly _ to hold back the tears. 她紧闭双眼，却无法忍住眼泪。2) 我们所有的努力都付诸东流了。 All our efforts were _.in vainin a vain attempt第29页/共64页8. undertake vt. (undertook; undertaken) 着手；从事；承担【归纳】 undertake sth. 承担某事 undertake to do sth. 许诺做某事；同意做某事 undertake that 保证第30页/共64页【归纳】 pay sb. for sth. =pay sth.

21、 to sb. for sth. 付钱给某人做为的费用 pay for sth. 为某事吃苦头或受惩罚；花钱 买某物 pay back 还钱；报复 pay attention to 注意 pay a visit to 访问 1. pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 第31页/共64页【运用】根据汉语意思完成句子。 If you dont work hard now, youll _ it later when you fail your exams. 你现在不好好学习，以后考试不及格时就得为此付出代价。 He _ by not coming. 他以不来的方式报复了我。 With the

22、 help of a lot of people, our plan _ (成功了).pay forpaid me backpaid off第32页/共64页2. in favour of 支持，赞成【拓展】 与in favour of同义或反义的常用短语： approve of 赞同，赞许 be for 赞成，主张 on ones side 在某人一边 be against 反对 object to 不赞成，反对第33页/共64页3. in good/poor condition 状况很好（坏）； 情况很好（坏）【归纳】 out of condition 健康状况欠佳 working/liv

23、ing/studying condition 工作/生活/ 学习环境 on condition (that) 在条件下； 倘若 on no condition 决不；一点也不（放在句 首，句子用部分倒装）第34页/共64页The initial requirement is that you need perfect DNA which gives information for how cells are to grow. 第35页/共64页结构分析：本句句子不长，但共有三个从句。主句是The initial requirement is that.，其中that引导的是一个_ 从句；在这个

24、主语从句中which gives information for how cells are to grow是_从句，修饰先行词perfect DNA；在这个定语从句中how cells are to grow(细胞如何生长)是一个_从句，作for的宾语；for how cells are to grow这个介词短语作定语，修饰information，即“细胞如何生长的信息”。主语定语宾语第36页/共64页【考例】1. Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday? Yeah, but I have n

25、o idea _ he did it; thats one of his favorite universities. A. when B. why C. that D. how 引导同位语从句，对idea作进一步的解释。由thats one of his favorite universities可知，不知道他拒绝那所大学的原因。 同位语从句点拨第37页/共64页2. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _ you are better than anyone else on the spo

26、rts field. A. how B. that C. which D. whether 引导同位语从句，对belief作进一步的解释，又因从句意义完整且不缺任何成分。 第38页/共64页3. The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed. A. when B. that C. whether D. how 引导同位语从句，对notice作进一步的解释，又因从句意义完整且不缺任何成分。第39页/共64页【拓展】同位语从句与定语从句的区别：1. 同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是说明名词的内

27、容；定语从句是形容词性的，其功能通常是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，说明其性质、特征等。第40页/共64页2. 引导同位语从句的that是连接词，在从句中没有含义、不作成分，一般不能省略；引导定语从句的that是关系代词，可作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。如： The news that our team has won the match is encouraging. (同位语从句) The news (that) we heard on the radio yesterday was true. (定语从句)第41页/共64页【运用】用适当连接词/关系词完成短文。 Working p

28、arents often put their kids in day care center. While most parents interviewed say they are satisfied with the day care 1. _ they use, experts have the belief 2. _ only about 12 percent of children receive high quality care. Many parents really have no idea 3. _ good their day care service is. that/

29、whichthathow第42页/共64页When choosing a day care center, of course parents want to know how much it costs. But there are many other questions 4. _ parents should ask. Parents need to know if the caregiver is loving and responds to the childs needs. Does the caregiver hug the child, talk to the child, p

30、lay with the child? However, experts make the suggestion 5. _ parents should not put their babies in child care center for the first four months. During this time, it is important for babies to form an attachment to their mothers.that/which that第43页/共64页【写作任务】 最近你班进行了一次主题为Should human cloning be all

31、owed的讨论。请你根据表格中的提示用英语写一篇短文，介绍讨论的情况，并谈谈自己的看法，然后发表在你校英语网站上。如何写议论文第44页/共64页支持：1. 帮助不能生育的人拥有自己的孩子； 2. 可以维持或挽救人的生命。反对：1. 有悖于伦理与道德； 2. 易被邪恶头目或恐怖分子利用。 注意：1. 词数100左右（开头已给出，不计入 总词数）； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 参考词汇： 伦理ethic 道德morality第45页/共64页【写作指导】 议论文是作者对某个问题或某件事进行分析、评论，表明自己的观点、立场、态度、看法和主张的一种文体。议论文写作多为限定写作，其论点、

32、论据和论证都比较明确。常见题型主要有话题探讨、观点对比、图表揭示和漫画评述等。 论文分三个基本段落：第一段引出话题；第二段提出正反两方面的观点，陈述各自理由；第三段总结利弊，表明态度。第46页/共64页在具体写作中要注意下列几点：1. 话题的提出要开门见山，不要拖泥带水；2. 正反对比论据要正确，条理要清楚，语言应准确、精炼；3. 作者的观点必须鲜明，不能模棱两可；4. 议论文的主体时态多用一般现在时；5. 尽量避免同一单词、句型的重复使用，多采用同义词、相似结构，使表达多样化。第47页/共64页【常用表达】开头：We have had a discussion on how to/ whet

33、her/.Different people have different opinions on.In the discussion on., people have several different opinions.People hold different opinions on whether/.People take different attitudes towards.第48页/共64页主体：Those who agree. think.People who are against. think.Some people hold the opinion that it is g

34、ood to. because.Some people think., while others argue that.On the one hand, ., on the other hand, .On the contrary, some people think.Firstly/ First/ First to all. Secondly/ Second. Lastly/ Last but not least .第49页/共64页结尾：In short, I firmly support the view that.I think / dont think.I think whether

35、. or not depends on.From my point of view/ As far as I am concerned / In my opinion, .第50页/共64页【参考范文】 Recently our class has had a discussion on whether human cloning should be allowed. Different students have different opinions. Some are for human cloning because they think it will help those who a

36、rent able to give babies achieve their dreams. Besides, human cloning helps maintain or save peoples lives as human cells can be cloned and used for medical treatments. 第51页/共64页However, those who are against it hold the view that human cloning is against human ethics and morality. Whats worse, this

37、 technology can be used by evil leaders or terrorists, which will bring great damage to the world. As far as I am concerned, as long as we use this technology to benefit humans, human cloning should be allowed.第52页/共64页第53页/共64页I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。1. Im constantly astonished by people who can speak so

38、many _ (differ) languages.2. We may ask her a few questions to make sure we know _ (exact) what she wants.3. Police arrived at the scene _ (short) after they called.4. The aircraft _ (carry) accidentally hit a little fishing boat. differentexactly shortlycarrier第54页/共64页5. Now that you have no _ (ob

39、ject), the matter is settled.6. Your argument is based on a completely false _ (assume). 7. The children are busy putting up Christmas _ (decorate).8. There are some programming errors that need _ (correct).9. Im sure there is a perfectly _ (reason) explanation for his absence. objection assumptiond

40、ecorationscorrection/ correctingreasonable第55页/共64页II. 根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。1. All her hard work _ _ (得到好结果) in the end, and she finally passed the exam.2. The mother could not bear to see her son so miserable and _ _ (沮丧).3. I talked to Susan about it, and she was _ _ _ (赞成) going there with us.paid of

41、fcast downin favor of第56页/共64页4. Youve done so much work that you _ _ _ (一定) pass the exam.5. Though I left my hometown when I was only a child, _ _ _ _ (不时地) I still think of it.6. They tried in every way they knew to bring the bird back to life, but _ _ (白费力气).7. The house really is _ _ _ (状况很糟) i

42、t would cost far too much to repair.in poor conditionarebound/sure tofrom time to timein vain第57页/共64页III. 把下列句子改写为含同位语（从句）的复 合句，并使句意基本保持不变。1. The California coastline is the longest of all the states and it is a national treasure of the USA. _ _2. The sick elephant that was in the third cage attack

43、ed its trainer. _ _The sick elephant, the one in the third cage, attacked its trainer.The California coastline, the longest of all the states, is a national treasure of the USA.第58页/共64页4. The famous British singer will come to China and the news is very exciting. _ _5. The Earth is steadily warming and we must face the fact. _ _6. Experts think that we must reduce the release of CO2 and most people agree with their opinion. _ _The news that the famous British singer will come to China is very exciting.Most people agree with the experts opinionthat we must reduce the release of CO2.We must