八年级英语下册知识点归纳(牛津英语)

1、 8b unit 1 past and present past n. 意为 “ 过去 ” in the past 过去（过去时）in the past few years 在过去的几年中present n. 现在，目前at present 目前n.礼物in the future 未来；将来comic strip welcome to the unit 1、 it was in the bowl an hour ago 一个小时之前在碗里的an hour ago 一小时前in the bowl 在碗里2. ive just eaten it. 我刚才把它吃了。(eat-ate-eaten) j

2、ust adv. 意为 “ 刚才 ” 常与完成时连用。他们刚刚到达。they have just arrived. 注意： just now 意为 “ 刚才 ” ，相当于 “a moment ago ” 通常与一般过去时连用。我刚才去了图书馆。i went to the library just now. 3. you used to share food with me! 你过去常与我分享食物！used to do sth. 意为 “ 过去常常做某事” ，表示 过去 的习惯。本身已是过去时态，没有人称和数的变化，暗含现在已不再如此。1) 他的父母过去住在乡下。his pare2nts use

3、d to live in the countryside. 2) tom 过去常常早起，不是吗？tom used to get up early, didnt he?/ usednt he? be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事my father is used to reading newspapers after dinner.be used to do 被用来做 a pen is used to write with. 笔是用来写的。share sth. with sb.和. 分享 4. you used to be so kind to me. 你过去对我那么好。b

4、e kind to sb. 对友好5. go to school by bike = ride a bike to school 骑自行车去学校6. it took a long time to wait for the next one.等下一辆公共汽车要花费很长时间。wait for the next one 等下一辆车7. go to school by bus= take a bus to school= go to school on the bus 乘公交车去学校reading8. know sunshine town very well 对阳光镇很了解know very well

5、 非常了解 9. since i was born 自我出生以来be born 出生since 引导原因状语从句，不可与so 连用。10. move house 搬家11. live in the northern part of town住在城镇的北部south 南方 southern 南部的east东部 eastern东部的west western north northernto the north of 在 北面（范围之外） in the north of 在 北部（范围之内）on the north of 在 北边（接壤）our school is to the north of t

6、he times supermarket . 我们学校在时代超市北面。beijing is in the north of china. 北京在中国北部。shandong is on the north of jiangsu.山东位于江苏北面。12. when i got married in 1965, my wife and i moved two blocks away and we ve lived in this area since then.get married 结婚get married to sb.= marry sb.= be married to sb. 和某人结婚ma

7、rry sb. to sb.把某人嫁给某人move two blocks away 搬到两个街区以外since then 从那以后13. change a lot 改变许多14. over the years 在这些年期间(现在完成时 ) 15. in the town centre= in the centre of the town在镇中心16. turn into 把变成 heat turns water into vapor .热使水变成蒸气。turn this sentence into english.turn on 打开turn off 关turn up 调高turn down

8、调低turn around 转身by turns 轮流地in turn 依次turn in 上交it s one s turn to do sth.17.a steel factory 一家钢铁厂water pollution 水污染air pollution 空气污染noise pollution 噪音污染18. put the waste into the river 把废料扔进河put away 收好put on 穿上put off 推迟 /延期19. realize the problem 意识到问题19. take action to improve the situation采取行

9、动改善情况20. much cleaner 干净得多21. in some ways 在某种程度上in this way 以这种方式on the way (to ) 在 的路上by the way 顺便说下no way 没门in any way 无论如何22. have a beautiful modern town 拥有一个美丽现代化的城镇23. most of my old friends 我的大多数老朋友24.move away 搬走25. it has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before. it i

10、s necessary for us to study english hard.it is kind of you to help us. dow corning zhangjiagang co ltd confidential - proprietary 若形容词是描述行为者的性格、品质的，如kind，good，nice，clever，careless，polite ，foolish 等，用 of sb.。若形容词仅仅是描述事物,用 for sb.，difficult ，easy，hard，important，dangerous， （im）possible 等。see each other

11、 as often as before和过去一样频繁的见到彼此26. play cards and chinese chess 打牌，下中国象棋27. feel a bit lonely from time to time 有时感到有点孤feel a bit lonely 感到有点孤单from time to time=at times=sometimes 有时a bit 和 a little “稍微 ” 、“ 有点 ” , 修饰形容词、副词。在肯定句中可以互换. a little 直接修饰不可数名词;而 a bit 修饰名词时 ,其后须加上of,构成 “a bit of+n. ”结构。例如

12、: he knows a bit of french. a bit 和 a little 的否定式意义正好相反。not a bit=not at all, 意为 “ 毫不 ”;而 not a little=very much, 意为 “ 非常 ”, “很” 。例如 : he is not a bit tired. 他一点不累。he is not a little tired. 他很累。a few/few 用在复数可数名词之前，little/a little 用在不可数名词之前。he took a few biscuits. ( 肯定) he took few biscuits( 否定 ) he

13、 took a little butter. ( 肯定 ) he took little butter. ( 否定 ) 28. the amazing changes 令人惊奇的改变29. because of being alone 因为独自一人. lonely, alone 的区别：lonely 作表语，表示心灵内部的孤独寂寞,lonely 修饰地点时，意：“ 荒凉的，偏僻的” 。alone 指单独、独自的意思，作表语。例如： he is alone, but he never feels lonely.30. a group of buildings with streets on al

14、l sides街道两边全是高楼31. all one s life 一生grammar32. repair over ten bicycles 修十多辆自行车33.the changes in beijing 北京的变化34. over the past century 上个世纪期间35.learn more about 更多了解关于 36 hear about/of 听说hear from sb. 收到某人来信37. plan to do sth.计划做某事integrated skills38. clean and fresh air 干净新鲜空气39.living condition居住

15、环境40. railway station 火车站41. travel to and from the town by bus乘公交进出城镇42. another big change 另一个大变化43. move into new flats 搬进新的公寓move out of搬出 44. return from the usa 从美国回来return sth. to sb. 把某物归还给某人45. go abroad 出国，去国外at home or abroad 在国内外46. at primary school 在小学47.keep in touch with each other 互

16、相保持联络municate by email 通过电子邮件交流49.make communication much easier 使沟通更容易communicate with sb. 和某人保持联系study skills50. be/get used to (doing) sth 习惯于（干）某事get used to the changes of life 习惯了生活的变化51. take place 发生（有目的有计划的）、举行happen发生 (偶然发生 ) 52. green hills all around 到处都是绿山53. a river runs through the ce

17、ntre of town 一条小河穿过镇中心54. on one s own = by oneself = alone独自task 55、throw rubbish 扔垃圾56、in some large open spaces在一些大的开阔的地方57、in their free time 在他们业余时间58、travel around the town 在镇里转转59、have their own cars= have cars of their own 有他们自己的汽车60.narrow and dirty roads 又窄又脏的公路61.wide and clean streets宽阔而

18、干净的街道62.green trees on both sides两边绿树63.enjoy a comfortable life 享受舒服的生活unit 2 travelling comic strip & welcome to the unit词组：1. go to sp for a/one s holiday去某地度假go to south hill for my holiday be on holiday 在度假2. have been to sp去过某地（已经回来）have you ever been to beijing? 你曾经去过北京吗？have gone to sp去了

19、某地（还没回来）he has gone to shanghai 已经去了上海3. join sb in doing sth 加入某人去做某事join us/you 4.get ready for sth. 为 做好准备get ready to do sth. dow corning zhangjiagang co ltd confidential - proprietary 5. i am getting all my things. 我正在收拾东西。6. take the bag 拿上包take sth. with sb.随身携带7. i don t thinkit ll be a holi

20、day for me. i don t thinkit s a good idea. 8. the capital of 的首都9. what s special about this book? 这本书有什么特别的？10. come from a story by sb来自某人写的一个故事11.place of interest 名胜can you tell me some places of interest in nanjing? be interested in 对 感兴趣i am interested in chinese. reading词组：1. see each other 互

21、相见面2.miss sb. very much 非常想念某人miss v. 1)思念；想念when i studied in usa ，i miss my parents very much. 2) 错过，没赶上hurry up, or you will miss the bus. n. 小姐，后接姓氏时，常常大写this is my english teacher, miss li. 3. i have been in hong kong for two months. 我来香港已经两个月了。4. have a fantastic/good/nice/wonderful time=have

22、fun=enjoy oneself玩得愉快5. spend the whole day at disneyland 在迪斯尼度过一整天all the people 所有的人spend v 1） 度过i spent my winter holiday in hainan. 2) 花费spend + 时间 /金钱on + 东西spend + 时间 /金钱（ in) doing something i spent an hour on my homework yesterday. i spent an hour in doing my homework yesterday. 6. we got to

23、 the park by underground. get to sp.=reach sp.=arrive at/in sp. 到达某地 (没有目的地只用arrive ) 7. on space mountain 在太空山an indoor roller coaster 一个室内过山车8. it moved at high speed and was really exciting. move at high speed 高速运行(speed 过去时 speeded/ sped- 过去分词speeded/ sped ) speed n. 速度短语：at the speed of 以 的速度it

24、 moves at the speed of fifty kilometers an hour. 它以每小时五十公里的速度移动。please drive at a safe speed. 请以安全的速度行驶。9. scream and laugh through the ride 全程都在尖叫大笑through the ride 在行程中10.hurry to a restaurant to have a quick meal (动词 )hurry to sp/ go to sp in a hurry( 名词 ) in a hurry 在匆忙之中hurry to do sth=be in a

25、hurry to do sth.=do sth. in a hurry=do sth. hurriedly匆忙做某事11. on the way 在路上on the way to + 地点在去 的路上on one s way to + 地点在某人去 的路上注意：遇到home/here/there 等地点副词时省略to i met an old friend on my way home. 在回家的路上我遇到了一个老朋友。12. such as/for example 例如for example, twice two is equal to four. 例如，二加二等于四。sally likes

26、 fruits very much, such as apples, oranges and strawberries. 13.a parade of disney characters 迪士尼人物的游行later in the afternoon=in the late afternoon下午迟些时候14.the best part of the day 这天最好部分15.run after sb.追赶某人can t stop doing =can t help doing 禁不住做某事when he listened to the story, jim couldn t help laug

27、hing. 听这个故事时，吉姆忍不住笑了。stop to do something停下来去做另一件事stop doing something停止正在做的please stop to listen to the teacher. 请停下来听老师讲。the students stopped talking and laughing when they saw the teacher. take photos拍照cant stop taking photos 不停地拍照片16. be like magic 像魔法一样magic n. 魔术do you like liu qian s magic? 你

28、喜欢刘谦的魔术吗？magical adj 魔法的；有魔力的；迷人的the world is full of magical things. 17. we could even smell the apple pie and feel the wind. 我们甚至能闻到苹果派的香味，感觉风在吹。感官动词smell/feel/sound/taste/look + 形容词the flowers smell wonderful. the food tastes good. 18.go shopping=do some shopping 买东 西19. buy sb. sth./ buy sth. fo

29、r sb. 为某人 买couple n.两人， 两件事物，几 个人；几件事物a couple of = a pair of 一双；一 对a couple of key rings 一对钥 匙环dow corning zhangjiagang co ltd confidential - proprietary the couple arrived at the party very early. we met in moscow a couple of weeks ago. 20.near/at the end of 将近 /在结束的 时候in the end=finally 最后by the

30、end of 到.为止21.watch the fireworks in front of 在 前面观看焰火22. during your stay there ( 名词 ) 在你待在那期间stay at home (动词 ) 待在家let me have a look at sth.让我看一下某物here s one for you. 这个是送给你的。grammar 词组：1. 去某地开会go to sp to attend a meeting 2. 参加会议attend a meeting3. 在沙滩上玩play on the sand4. 顺便说一下by the way 5. 邀请某人去

31、野餐invite sb to go for a picnic 6. 去野餐 go for a picnic /have a picnic 7. 电影已经开始20 分钟了。 the film has been on for 20 minutes. 8. 游行结束好几小时了。the parade has been over for hours. 9. kitty 来香港两天了。kitty has been in hongkong for two days. 10. 自从上周二他就离开家了。he has been away from home since last tuesday. 11. 这本书我

32、已经借了好几天了。i have kept this book with me for a few days.（不能用borrow）12. simon 自从去年就加入足球俱乐部了。simon has been in / a member of the football club since last year. 13. 他们结婚15 年了。 they have been married for 15 years. 14. 这些鱼死了有一段时间了。these fish have been dead for some time. 15. 在寒假第一天on the first day of the w

33、inter holiday integrated skills词组: 1. 旅行的地方places for traveling 2. 中国园林chinese gardens 3. 自然景观places of natural beauty 4. 海滨城市seaside cities 5. 主题公园theme parks 6. 提一些在中国旅游的建议give some advice on travelling in china7. 全年 去那儿 go there all year round(during the whole year) 8. 水上运动water sports 9. 在任何季节in

34、 any season 10.it is dangerous to climb mountains on cold and snowy days. 在寒冷的雪天爬山是危险的。11. 去那最好的时节是在春天或秋天。the best time to go there is in spring and autumn. 12. 可能会下雨。there may be some rain. / it may be rainy. / it may rain. 13.在一年的那个时刻at that time of year 14. 有一些关于五一节的计划have some plans for the may

35、day holiday 15. 去某地 出差 go to sp on business16. 乘直达航班去某地take a direct flight to sp 17. 坐飞机去成都要多久？how long does it take to fly to chengdu? 18. 跟我爸爸给你核实一下check it for you with my dad 补充知识点：1. see sb. playing on the sand 看到某人正在沙滩上玩see somebody doing sth 看到某人正在做see somebody do sth 看到某人做某事的过程或经常看到某人做某事i s

36、aw him working in the garden yesterday. jim often sees mary help others. play on the sand 在沙滩上玩2. die v 死亡his grandfather died last week. death n 死亡he cried after knowing his grandfather s death.dying 动词现在分词；形容词奄奄一息的，垂死的his grandfather is dying. 他的爷爷快过世了。dead 形容词死的his grandfather has been dead for t

37、hree years. 3. 1)except 与 besides 都可表示 “ 除外 ” ，但besides 表示一种累加关系，意指“ 除了什么之外，还有 ” ；而except 则表示一种排除关系，意指 “ 除了什么之外，不再有 ” 。如：besides his wife ，his daughter also went to see him. 除他妻子外，他女儿也去看过他(即妻子女儿都去看过他)。nobody went to see him except his wife. 除他妻子外，没有一个人看过他(即只有他妻子去看过他)。2)关于 except 与 except for：except

38、主要用来谈论同类的东西，而except for 是除了因为 ;要不是 ;除去 一点外 的意思 ,表示 对一个人或事物 ,先做一个整体评价,然后再就局部提出一点看法。 即一部分被肯定,另一部分被否定,这就是所谓的 排除否定式 。其判别标志是:除去的与保留的不是同类项。all compositions are well written except yours. 除了你的作文外，其他的作文都写得很好。dow corning zhangjiagang co ltd confidential - proprietary his composition is good except for a few

39、spelling mistakes. 他的作文写得不错，只是有几处拼写错误。4：in front of ( 在某物外部的前面）there are two trees in front of the classroom. in the front of ( 在某物内部的前面）there are a teacher s desk in the front of the classroom.task . 1. 动身去机场leave for the airport 动身去某地，前往某地leave for sp 2. 在一大早in the early morning 3. 坐飞机去香港花了我们三个半小时

40、。it took us three and a half hours to fly to hongkong.4. 爱看有趣的迪士尼人物游行love watching the interesting parade of disney characters 5. 看海豚表演watch the dolphin show 6. 看鸟表演watch the bird show 7. 给我们的亲戚们买了很多礼物buy a lot of presents for our relatives 8. 吃了一顿美食have a delicious meal 9. 我希望有一天我能再次来这儿玩i hope i ca

41、n visit it again some day. 10. 坐飞机去某地take a plane to sp / take a flight to sp go to sp by air / plane go to sp on a plane 8b unit 3 online tours 网上旅行welcome to the unit 1、look like 看起来像（指长相，即可指人也可指物）eg: the man looks like our english teacher. eg. the strange thing looks like a plate. 区分： what do/doe

42、s sb. look like? 问长相 =how do/does sb. look? what be sb. like? 问品质what do/does sb. like? 问喜好2. agree with sb. on sth.同意某人观点agree to do sth同意做某事disagree 不同意3. here it is 它在这儿change the channel 换频道the remote control 遥控器4. 鼠标（复数）mouse mouses 老鼠（复数）mouse mice 4.chat(动词） with sb.和某人聊天have a chat（名词）with s

43、b. chat 现在分词： chatting 5.do word processing 做文字处理6.send and receive emails收发电子邮件(1) send 发送send sb. sth.=send sth. to sb .把某物寄给 /送给某人(2) receive 收到，接到receive emails 接收邮件区分： receive 与 accept receive 客观 (被动地 )收到accept 主观接受eg. i received a bunch of flower, but i didnt accept it. 7. watch videos 看录像8.wh

44、at.for?. 为何目的，为何理由？=why? what did you do that for?=why did you do that? 9. use sth to do/ use sth. for sth. 用 做1.你通常用你的电脑来干嘛？what do you use your computer for? what do you use your computer to do? 2.我用它来搜索信息use it to search for information use it for searching for information 10. be fast and easy快捷1

45、1. 你多久用电脑来做一次这个？how often do you use your computer for this? how often do you use your computer to do this? 多频繁 (对频率提问 ) how often 12. almost every day 几乎每天13. i have no idea.i ve no idea.i don t know.我不知道。14. turn on the tv turn on/off打开 /关闭 ， turn up/down 调大 /调低；都是 “ 动词副词 ” 。reading 1. around the

46、world in eight hours 八小时环游世界2. i m your tour guide. 我是你们的导游3. notice the “ tour ” icon注意到 “ tour ”这个图标notice sb do sth注意到某人做了某事notice sb doing sth注意到某人正在做某事3. at the top of the page 在本页上方at the bottom of 在 底部4. click 点击click（及物动词）sth. =click(不及物动词 ) on sth. 点击dow corning zhangjiagang co ltd confiden

47、tial - proprietary 5. in eight hours 在八小时内（后, 用将来时）6. the world-famous trade centre 举世闻名的贸易中心7. at the southern end of 在 .南端8. many big companies and international banks 很多大型的公司和国际银行9. further on 再往前10. thousands of 数以千计的hundred, thousand, million 等表示确指时（前面有具体的数字），用单数；表泛指（前面没有数字）用复数，其后加of eg. three

48、thousand hundreds of gather here on new year s eve在新年前夜聚集在这11. it s exciting to see the huge glass ball falling through the darkness. 看到大玻璃球在黑夜中落下令人很兴奋。(1) see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事eg. when i passed by the kfc, i saw many children eating hamburgers and chips in it. see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事（强调动作发生

49、的全过程）（2） through the darkness 穿过黑夜12. with several lakes, hills and a large green lawn, it s a good place to relax after a hard day s work.(1) 一个放松的好地方a good place to relaxrelax 放松，休息relax oneself 放松自己动词三单： relaxes 形容词： relaxed 修饰人relaxing 修饰物(2) 在辛苦工作一天后after a hard days work 30 小时的火车车程thirty hours

50、 train ride (3) 一大片绿草地a large green lawn 13. don t miss broadway.不要错过百老汇。14. it has been famous for its theatres since the early twentieth century (1) 因 而出名 be famous/ known for 作而出名 be famous as+职业被. 所熟知 be famous to sb he is famous to the people all over the world. 他被全世界的人所熟知. 自从 20 世纪早期 since the

51、 early twentieth century 15. 听说过 “ memory”这首歌hear of the song “ memory” 收到某人的来信hear from sb get/receive a letter from sb. 16. 著名的百老汇音乐剧猫the famous broadway musical cats 17. 关于纽约就讲这么多so much for new york so much for sth.关于 .就讲这么多，.到此为止so much for the new words. 生词就学到这里。18. at the bottom of the page 在

52、页面底端pick another city 选择另一个城市捡起来/ 去(机场 )接某人 pick up开始你的新旅程start your new tour 19. a play filled with many songs有很多歌的剧本be filled with / be full of充满20. fewer than / less than 少于more than / over 多于buy tickets to different places 买去不同地方的票fall from the sky 从空中落下gather there to welcome the new year 聚集到那迎

53、接新年world-famous / famous / well-known著名的the activity of buying and selling买卖的活动what is the website called? 这个网站叫什么？give people online tours 给人们提供在线旅行on manhattan island 在曼哈顿岛grammar1. the other day 前几天dream of / about doing sth 梦想做某事the boy dreams of becoming a pilot. travel around the world without

54、 a passport realize your dream by taking an online tour 通过在线旅游 实现你的梦想show me an online tour of the usa给我展示了一次在线美国旅游return from the usa 从美国回来return from sp 从某地回来return to sp 回到某地2. take part in =join in + 比赛 /活动join + 党派 /组织 /sb./trip/walk join sb. in doing sth.加入某人做某事的行列integrated skills & study

55、 skills1. 带你去世界各地不同的地方take you to different places around the world take sb to sp带某到某地2. 再往页面的底部further down at the bottom of the page 4. 在澳大利亚东北海岸on the north-east coast of australia 5. 看起来像是一艘有很多帆的船look like a ship with many sails 6. 进行一次在线旅行take an online tour 带某人进行一次网上旅游take sb on an online tour

56、 7. 在网站上on the website 8. 看到一座叫做 “ 悉尼歌剧院 ” 的神奇建筑see a wonderful building called the sydney opera house 9. 澳大利亚的季节与我们的相反。australian seasons are the opposite of ours. australian adj. 澳大利亚（人）的名词： australia 澳大利亚10. 介意做某事mind doing sth 介意某人做某事mind ones doing sth (中间用形物主代) 介意给我展示如何开始在线旅游mind showing me ho

57、w to start this online tour dow corning zhangjiagang co ltd confidential - proprietary 介意我打开窗子mind my opening the window( 中间用形物代) do you mind doing sth.? 介意： you d better not .不介意： not at all. /of course not. /certainly not. 14. 当然不 of course not. 15. 不客气，很乐意my pleasure. / it s my pleasure.（名词）my pl

58、easure 不客气，很乐意效劳，回答别人的道谢，=you re welcome.区别 ：with pleasure 很乐意效劳，回答别人的请求16. 一门在线课程an online course 17. 问路 ask the way 18. 预定票和酒店book tickets and hotels 19. 订餐 order meals 20. 在日常交流中用英语use english in daily communication 日常英语daily english 21. if/as soon as/until/when 引导条件状语从句，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。eg.

59、 if you don t hurry up, you ll miss the train.注： if 表“ 是否 ” 时，该用什么时态用什么时态。i don t know if he will come to my birthday party tomorrow.if he comes, i will call you.task 1. called 被称作 /叫作 =named，在句中作后置定语修饰前面的名词eg. i like the cat named / called mimi.一个岛国an island country 2. be made up of.由.组成our class i

60、s made up of fifty students.区别： be made of 由.制成（能看出原材料）be made from 由.制成（看不出原材料）be made in 某物是某地制造的3. 有着悠久的历史have a long history 4. 国王和女王曾是它的统治者。kings and queens were once its rulers. 5. 在这个古老的欧洲国家in this old european country ( 形容词性 ) 6. 很多宫殿和城堡many palaces and castles 7. 它已经成为国王和女王的住所很长时间了。it has been the