初中英语6大时态

1、1、一般现在时：用法:1现阶段常常性，习惯性的动作；例如： i get up at six every morning.he plays tennis once a week.2现在的状态；例如：my mother is a teacher. she teaches english in a school. 3）客观真理；例如：the earth goes around the sun. 4）常用于一般现在时态的时间状语：often ，usually ， sometimes ，always ，every day ，never ，in the morning等连用时；构成： 主语是 i, we,

2、 you, they 和名词复数时作谓语的行为动词用原形；主语是he, she , it 和名词单数时，动词第三人称单数的变法如下：一般情形s以 s, x, ch, sh,o 结尾 es以辅音 y 结尾变 y 为 i es主语为第三人称和名词单数时：确定式 :s+v/ 动词的第三人称单数否定式 :s+ don't/doesn't +v+其他疑问式 :do/does+s+v+其他简略回答 :肯yes,s+do/does否no,s+do/does not留意： have 的第三人称单数为 has主语肯 定 式否 定 式疑 问 式第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及i am a stude

3、nt.we/you/theyare students.he/ she is a student.i am not a student. we/you/theyarenot students.he/ she is not a student.are you a student.are you/ theystudents. is he/ she a student.名词复数i / we/ you/ they/ dondt olikyeou/ they like music.i/we/ you/ they/like music.many people like music.music.manypeo

4、pledon t like music.domanypeoplelike music.当主语是第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数时：确定式 :s + be +·否定式 :s+ be +not + ··1疑问式 :am /is /are + s+简略回答 : 肯 yes,s + be.否 no,s + be.·.·练习题：1. - may i help you, sir.- yes, i bought the tv the day before yesterday, but it .a. didn t work b. doesn t work

5、c. won t workd. can t work 2 the bus until it .a. get off, stopsb. get off, will stopc. don t get off, stopsd. don t get off, will stop 3the 70-year-old man exercises in the morning.a. takesb. are takingc. tookd. will take2. 现在进行时用法：1）说话时正在进行或发生的动作（动作是在说话时正在进行）；例如：she is having a bath now.2）现阶段正在进行或

6、发生的动作（但是动作并不是必需在说话时正在进行）；例如：you are working hard today.kate wants to work in italy, so she is learning italian. the population of the world is growing very fast.3）频度副词 always, forever 等词连用时，表示某种剧烈的感情；如：he is always trying out new ideas. 表示观赏，夸奖 4）表示按方案即将发生的动作（仅限于go, come, arrive, leave, start, fly,

7、begin, stay等动词）；如：the party is beginning at 8:00 oclock.5 常用于现在进行时态的时间状语：now ,look,listen 等；构成：be+ v-ingv-ing 现在分词的构成：一般情形cook-cooking以不发音字母 e 结尾的单词；去 e,加 ingmake-making, taste-tasting以重读闭音节结尾的单词， 末尾只有一个辅音字母时.run-running, stop-stopping,2确定句、否定句、疑问句形式：确定句： s+be +v-ing否定句： s+be+not + v-ing一般疑问句： isare

8、+s+v-ing？特别疑问： wh_+ be + s + v-ing.e.g.主语肯 定 式否 定 式疑 问 式2第一、二人称和 第 三 人 称复 数 以 及 名词复数i am driving. he/she/it is working.we/you/theyaredoing something.i am not driving. he/she/it is not working. we/you/theyarenot doing anything.are you driving.is he/she/it working.areyou/theydoing something.练习题：1i don

9、 t think that it s true. she s lies.a. tellb. tellsc. tellingd. told2. how you with the new job.a. do, dob. do, get alongc. are, doingd. are, getting on 3- are these socks yours.- no. mine outside on the clothes line.a. are hangingb. have hungc. hangd. hung3一般将来时用法：1将要发生的动作；例如：i will leave for beiji

10、ng tomorrow.2将要存在的状态；例如：this time next year i will be in japan. where will you be.3准备要做的事；例如：are you going to watch the film on television tonight.3) 常用于一般将来时的时间状语：tomorrownext weekin 2021等；构成：1. 助动词 willshall+v2. be +goingto +v练习题：1. i for hong kong on saturday. will you go to see me off at the air

11、por？ta. am leavingb. am leftc. am going to leavingd. left2.i to see grandma and help her with some housework every week.a. cameb. am going comec. comed. will come 3.we chinese the olympic games in 2021.a. heldb. shall holdingc. are holdingd. are going to hold4一般过去时用法：1过去发生的动作；例如：the police stopped m

12、e on my way home last night.32过去存在的状态；例如：they weren't able to come because they were so busy.3. 常用于一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday， three months ago，last year， in 1979，等；构成：s+v-ed用动词的过去式；作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下：一般情形+ed以 e 字母结尾的辅音+d以辅音字母 y 结尾去 y 变 i ed重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母双写词尾字母 +ed2）一般过去时态的确定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be 和 like

13、 为例）：主语肯 定 式否 定 式疑 问 式第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数i was a student. we/you/ they were students.he/shewasa student.i/we/ you/ they/i was not a student. we/you/ they were not students.he/she was nota student.i/ we/ you/ they/didn t like music.were you a student.were you/ theystudents. was he/ she a student.did

14、you/ they like music. did many people like music.liked music.manypeopleliked music.manypeople didn t like music.练习题：1r. mott is out. but he here a few minutes ago.a. wasb. isc. will bed. would be 2-hi, tom.-hello, fancy. i you were here.a. don t knowb.won t thinkc. thinkd. didn t know 3he promised t

15、o tell me by himself when i .a. comeb. would comec. comed. had come5、过去进行时概念：1过去某一阶段或某一时刻正在进行的动作；例如：4this time last year i was living in brazil.what were you doing at 10 o'clock last night.2常用于过去进行时的时间状语：at four yesterday afternoon，then， at that time/moment 等；构成：was / were +v-ing1） daddy promise

16、d me he me a computera. was boughtb. had boughtc boughtd. would buy 2） they said they do some sports if it was fine.a. were going tob. wentc. would goingd. were going6、现在完成时概念：1表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果.常与 already, just, ever, never, before等词连用 .如:she has never read this novel.2表示 “过去的动作 ”始终连续到现在并有可能连续连续

17、下去. 常与 for后跟段时间 或 since后跟点时间 等连用 .如:i have been a member of the party for 10 years.i have been a member of the party since 10 years ago.注：在有 for 和 since 引导时间状语的句子中不能用短暂性动词，应用与之相应的表示状态的词；如：he has died for 3 years.fhe has been dead for 3 years.t注：现在完成时不能和表示明确的过去时间连用；如：in 1998, last morning 等have/has b

18、een to表示“去过”（去了又回来了） have/has gone to表示“去过”（去了没回来了）如： where has she gone.句 中所指的人不在 where has she been.句 中作指的人在 构成：have / has + v-ing 2）现在完成时态的确定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be 和 see为例）：确定句 ： s+ have（has） +v-ed否定句： s+ have（ has）+not haven , htasn+tv-ed一般疑问句： havehas+ s+v-ed+？特别疑问句： wh_+havehas+ s+v-ed+ ？主语肯 定 式否 定 式

19、疑 问 式5第一、二人称和第三人称 复数以及名 词复数i/we/you/theyhave been here before.he/shehas beenhere before.i / we/ you/ they/ manyi /we/you/ they haven been here before.he/shehasn tbeenhere before .i /we/you/they/havt eyou/theybeen herebefore.hashe/shebeenhere before.have you/ they/ many peoplepeople have seen the film.manypeoplehaven tseen the film. seen the film.练习题：1.-how long he a fever.- ever since last night.a. have, gotb. have , hadc. have, caughtd. did, have 2.my bowl is empty. who all m