初中英语必背单词、词组和语法总结

1、学习必备欢迎下载中学最常用必需会拼写的单词777词1. 衣物 37clothes, skirt, t-shirt, shirt, shoes, boot, running shoes, leather shoes, tie, slipper, cap,hat, pant（s 裤子）, trousers长裤 , shorts（短裤）, dress, jacket, coat, blouse, scarf, jeans, overcoat,sportswear（运动装） , sneakers（运动鞋） , socks, glove, uniform,suit （一套衣服）,plainclothes

2、朴素的衣服 , uniform, raincoat, sweater, handbag, stocking （长袜）2.称呼 26 family, grandparents, grandfather, grandpa, grandmother, grandma, granny, grandson, granddaughter, parents, father, dad, mother, mom, mum, husband, wife, son, daughter, uncle, aunt, cousin（堂兄弟，堂姐妹；表兄弟，表姐妹）, nephew（侄子，外甥） ，niece （侄女，甥女

3、） brother, sister.3. 颜色 16 red, white, brown, black, yellow, pink, blue, gray/grey, green, orange, purple, gold,light, dark, colored, colourful4. 职 业 68 captain, chairman, chairwoman, fisherman, postman, actor, doctor, educator, sailor, director, hunter, leader, teacher, worker, driver, farmer, clea

4、ner, player, dancer, runner, singer, engineer, interpreter, speaker, reporter, explorer, server, gatekeeper, officer, headmaster, soldier, firefighter, manager, programmer 节目制作者） , programmer （程序设计员） , carver, gardener,painter, waiter, barber理发师 , photographer（摄影师） , pilot, police, model, nurse, ser

5、vant, athlete, official, boss, artist, dentist, journalist, scientist, host, coach, astronaut, clerk, secretary, volunteer, musician, cook, pupil, student, principal, president, peasant, assistant, customer5. 公共场所 35 school , zoo,park, bedroom, living room, sitting room, classroom, waitingroom, lab,

6、 school, home, library, kitchen, doorbell，playground, hill, mountain, desert, forest, plain, bookshop/bookstore, building, bus stop, railway/train station, cinema, hospital, market, museum, office, park, garden, post office, shop/store, toilet6. 动词 37 连续性动词live,run,stay,clean,play,hold,watch,teach,r

7、ead,study,teach,eat,drink,write,dance, sing,smoke 等； 瞬时性动词begin, arrive, borrow, buy, break, close, come, fall, finish, go, leave, lend, marry, reach, receive, open, sell, start, stop, take off 等7. 动物 40 sheep, bear, ant, wolf, lamb, horse, worm 蠕虫 , cat, chicken, dog, elephant, lion, monkey, mouse,

8、 panda, pig, tiger, butterfly, cow, duck, fox, goose, snake, camel, fly, giraffe, hare, rabbit, tortoise, bird, hen, frog, bee, rabbit, dragon, fish, phoenix, turkey, insect, whale.8. 科目 14 chinese, math, english, politics,geography, history, biology,physics, chemistry,science, art, computer, p.e. m

9、usic.9. 天气 20rain, rainy;snow, snowy;wind, windy;sun, sunny; ice, icy;fog, foggy;cloud, cloudy; hot; cold; warm; dry; wet, cool10.疾病 9cold, cough, headache, backache, toothache, fever, flu, sore throat, cancer, near-sighted11.身体部位 31 hair, head, eye, ear, nose, mouth, tooth, neck, throat, face, shou

10、lder, hand, arm, elbow, leg, foot, chest, finger, fingernail, stomach, back, knee, lap, heart, lung, blood, bone, skin, toe, thumb, tongue.12.交通工具 12bus， train ， boat， ship， jeep, motorbike, plane, car, train, truck, bicycle, bike13.生活用品 27bag, basket, bed, brush, chair, candle, clock,cup, desk, fir

11、eplace, fridge,glass, handbag, knife, ladder, key, light, line, mirror, pan, phone, plate, pot, table, teapot, bowl, tv14.心情情感 9 happy, sad, excited, tired, bored, unhappy, angry, worried, pleased15.信息 22 computer, email, network, password,message,online,enter, member,news, information, article, wri

12、ting, text, passage, title, topic, idea, view, opinion, suggestion, question, weather report16.水果 8 apple, pear, banana, strawberry, tomato, watermelon, grape, orange学习必备欢迎下载17.学习用品 11 pencil-box,pen, pencil, eraser/rubber, schoolbag, ink, notebook, book, knife, dictionary, ruler18.体育项目 8 basketball

13、, tennis, surfing, swimming, skating, table-tennis, football, skiing19. 不定代词 29 some（something ，somebody，someone），any（ anything ，anybody，anyone）， no（nothing ，nobody，no one）， every（everything ，everybody ，everyone），all，each，both， much， many，（ a） little ，（ a） few ，other （ s）， another， none， one， either

14、， neither20. 饮食 45 honey, biscuit, flour, cheese, pie, cookie, curry, porridge, coke 可乐 ,pizza, pork, ham, butter, potato, tofu, salad, egg, honey, cocoa, sugar, salt, chips, candy, ice cream, sandwich, bread, cake, chicken, fish, hamburger, noodle, chocolate, dumpling,beef, steak, roast duck ， brea

15、kfast, lunch, supper/dinner, tea, drink, wine, water, diet21. 世纪、年、月、日25 century, year ，month, day, yesterday, the day before yesterday,today,tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,morning,afternoon,evening,night,midnight,january, february, march, april, may, june, july, august, october, november, december.22

16、.星期 7 monday, tuesday, wednesday, thursday, friday, saturday, sunday.23.四季准时刻 9 spring, summer, fall/autumn, winter， hour, quarter, minute, second,24. 方 位 33 east, south, west, north, northeast, northwest, southwest, southeast, up, down, upon, between, among, under, beside, near, above, by, behind,

17、before, right, left, close to, across from,next to, in the middle of, in the center of, in the front of, in front of, at the back of, on, at, in 25.基数词 31 1 one2 two3 three4 four5 five6 six 7 seven 8 eight9 nine10 ten11 eleven 12 twelve 13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 ei

18、ghteen 19nineteen 20 twenty30 thirty40 forty50 fifty60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety 100 a hundred 1000 a thousand 1，000，000 a million 10 ，000，000 ten million 100 ，000，000 a hundred million1，000， 000， 000 a billion26. 序数词 30 first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth ele

19、venthtwelfth thirteenth fourteenth sixteenth seventeenth eighteenth nineteenth twentieth twenty-first thirtieth fortieth fiftieth sixtieth seventieth eightieth ninetieth hundredth thousandth27. 蔬菜 6 carrottomatopotatoonioncabbageeggplant28. 国家 ,首都 32 china, america, australia, britain, canada, engla

20、nd, france, germany, india, japan, london,newyork,newzealand,paris,prc.russia,sydeny,tokyo,toronto, washington, the united states, the united nations联合国 , macao, mexico, hong kong, egypt, korea, italy, asia, africa 29.民族 /语言 18 chinese, american, australian,canadian, englishman,englishmen, english,

21、french, frenchman,frenchmen,german, indian, japanese, russian, korean, italian, asian, african 30.材料 6 wood,cotton,silk,plastic,metal,glass,31.不规章形容词或副词28 good/well好 better best ;bad/badly 坏的worse worst ;many/much多（形容不行数名词） more most ;little 少 less least ;many 多 （形容可数名词） more most ;far farther farth

22、est 远（详细）;far further furthest 深远的（抽象），比如 further education 高等训练 ;old 老，年纪较长 older/elder oldest/eldest32.没有比较和最高级的形容词12empty , wrong, perfect , unique , extreme , excellent , favourite gb/ favorite ga , true , right , correct , extremely33.最常用的形容词36 small ; big ; hungry; full; little; high; short; t

23、all; long; old老的，旧的 ; new； young; beautiful; nice; early; late; right ; wrong; busy; free; lazy; bored; heavy; light;blind ;special（特殊的） ; kind（和善的） ; happy; sad; fast; fun（好玩的） ; scary（ 吓人的）;different（不同的） ; the same（同样的） ; round（圆的） ; great（宏大的） ,cheap; expensive学习必备欢迎下载中学英语重要词组1 see、hear、notice、f

24、ind、feel、listen to 、 look at 感 官 动 词 +do eg:i like watching monkeys jump2 （比较级and比较级）表示越来越怎么样3 a piece of cake =easy小菜一碟 （简单）4 agree with sb.赞成某人5 all kinds of各种各样a kind of一样6 all over the world = the whole world整个世界7 along with同一道，相伴eg : i will go along with you我将和你一起去the students planted trees alo

25、ng with their teachers同学同老师们一起种树8 as soon as一怎么样就怎么样9 as you can see你是知道的10 ask for求助向要（直接接想要的东西）11 ask sb for sth向某人什么12 ask sb to do sth询问某人某事 ask sb not to do叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of在岁时14 at the beginning of的起初；的开头15 at the end of +地点 /+ 时间最终；终点；末尾16 at this time of year在每年的这个时候17 be /feel confi

26、dent of sth /that clause +从句感觉 /对什么有信心，自信18 be + doing表： 1 现在进行时2 将来时19 be able to + v原 = can + v原）能够 21 be afraid to do of sth惧怕，可怕 22 be allowed to do被答应做什么 23 be angry with sb生某人的气24 be angry withat sb for doing sth为什么而生某人的气25 be as原级as和什么一样eg : she is as tall as me她和我一样高26 be ashamed to27 be awa

27、y from远离28 be away from从离开 29 be bad for对什么有害 30 be born诞生于31 be busy doing sth忙于做什么事be busy with sth忙于 32 be careful当心；当心33 be different from和什么不一样34 be famous for以闻名 35 be friendly to sb对某人友好 36 be from = come from来自37 be full of装满的be filled with布满 eg: the glass is full of waterthe glass is filled

28、 with water38 be glad+to+do/从句39 be going to + v原）将来时40 be good at+doing = do well in在某方面善长 , 善于 41 be good for对什么有好处42 be happy to do很兴奋做某事 43 be helpful to sb对某人有好处 44 be in good health身体健康 45 be in trouble处于困难中46 be interested in对某方面感爱好 47 be late for = come late to迟到eg: be late for class上课迟到48 b

29、e like像eg : i'm like my mother49 be mad at生某人的气50 be made from由制成 制成以后看不见原材料 51 be made of由制成 制成以后仍看得见原材料 52 be not sure表不确定53 be on a visit to参观54 be popular with sb受某人欢迎55 be quiet寂静56 be short for表* 的缩写eg:陶 is short for陶俊杰学习必备欢迎下载57 be sick in bed生病在床58 be sorry to do sthbe sorry for sb eg :

30、i am sorry for you59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb61 be strict in doingsth严于做某事62 be strict with sb对某人要求严格 63 be strict with sb in sth某方面对某人严格64 be supposed to do被要求干什么65 be sure表确定66 be sure of doing sth对做某事有信心 67 be sure of sth对做某事有信心 68 be sure that sth对做某事有信心69 be sure to do st

31、h肯定会做某事we are sure to learn english well我们肯定能学好英语70 be terrified of +名/动 doing可怕 71 be terrified to do sth可怕做某事 72 be the same as和什么一样73 be used to doing sth习惯做某事my father is used to getting up early我爸爸习惯早74 be worth doing值得做什么75 befeel afraid to do sth 可怕做某事 be afraid of sth 可怕某物 be afraid that 丛句7

32、6 because+ 句 子 because of + 短 语eg : he was late because he had a headachehe was late because of his headache77 begin to do = start to do开头做某事我非常赔礼打搅你，但是你能告知我怎么去车站82 by the end of到为止83 call sb stheg : we call him old wang 85 catch up with sb赶上某人86 chat with sb和某人闲谈take sb to +地点带某人去某地87 come in进88 co

33、me over to过来89 come up with提出eg: can you come up with a good idea你能想出一个好方法吗？90 communicate with sb和某人沟通91 consider + doing 考 虑 做 什 么 eg : why not consider going to lu zhou为什么不考虑去泸州？92 dance to随着跳舞93 decide to do sth打算做某事94 do a survey of做某方面的调查 95 do better in在方面做得更好 96 do wrong做错97 don't forget

34、 to do sth不要忘了做某事 98 don't mind +doing /从句/名词不要介意 99 each + 名（单）每一个eg : each student has many books每一个同学都有一些书100 end up +doing101 enjoy +doing喜爱102 escape from从逃跑103 expect to do sth期望做某事104 fall down摔下来fall off从哪摔下startwith=beginwith以 什么开头什来么105 fall in love with sb /sth爱上什么78 betweenand两者之间79

35、borrow sth from sb向借 lend sth to sb lend sb sth借给什么东西80 both = the sameas = not differentfrom表相同81 bother 打 扰 bother sb to do sth eg : i'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station106 far from离某地远107 find +it +adj +to do发觉做某事怎么样 108 find sb/sth +adj发觉什么怎么样eg : i find the boo

36、k interesting109 finish完成 +doing （名词）110 fit to sb = be fit for sb适合某人111 forget to do没有做而忘了forget doing做了而又忘了学习必备欢迎下载112 fromto从某某到某某eg: from me for her113 get /have sth down做完，被（别人）做eg: i have my hair cut我理了发 头发被剪了）tom got his bad tooth pulled out汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了） 114 get a part-time job= find a

37、part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well withsb与某人相处得好116 get along with sb = get on with sb与某人相处117 get ready for = be ready for为什么而预备118 get sb in to trouble给某人带来麻烦120 getfrom从某处得到某物121 give a talk做报告122 give sth to sbgive sb sth给某人某物123 go fish钓鱼go swimming游泳124 go on to do去做下一件事go

38、ondoing连续做这件事125 go out away from远离go out of从.离开126 go to school上学（用于专业的）go to the school去学校（不肯定是上学）127 good way to好方法128 hate to do厌恶没做过的事hate doing厌恶做过的事129 have a party for sb举办谁的晚会 130 have a talk听报告谈一谈 131 have been doing现在完成进行时138 have时间 off放假139 hear sb +do/doing听见某人做某事/正在做某事140 help a lot很大用

39、处141 help sb with sth one's sth帮忙某人某事（某方面）help sb to do sth帮忙某人做某事142 hope to do sth期望做某事 143 how about+doing = what about+doing144 how do you like= what do you thinkof你对什么的看法145 if :是否 whethereg: i don't know if whether i should go to the party我不知道我是否应当去参与晚会he don't know if whether we w

40、ill arrive on timetomorrow morning他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达146 if : 假如，假如（全部接一般时态）条件语态从句eg:i'll go to lu zhou if it doesn'train假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州if they change the plan theywill let me know假如他们要转变方案，他们会让我知道的i'll go to england ,if i have enough moneynext year假如我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国147 in one's opinion =

41、 sb think某人认为148 in some ways在某些方面149 in the end = finallyadv最终132 have been to地方）去过某150 in the north of什么在什么的北方过地方have gone to（地方）去了某地仍没回来133 have fun +doing玩得兴奋 134 have sth to do有什么事要做 135 have to do sth必需做某事136 have trouble problem in doing sth做什么事情有麻烦137 havetime +doing（ north北south南west西east东

42、）151 in the sun在太阳下152 increase增加eg : they've increased the price of petrol by 3%他们把石油价增加了3%153 instead of+ （名） 代 替学习必备欢迎下载eg:i'd like an apple instead of a pear我想要苹果，而不要梨子154 introduce sb to sb介绍某人给某人introduce oneself自我介绍155 invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事 156 it takes sb sometime to do sth做某人花掉

43、某人多少时间eg : it took me 5 minutes to do my homeworkit takes me half an hour to cook157 it's +adj +for sb to do sth对某人来说做某事怎么样158 it's +adj +to do做某事怎么样159 it's +adj for sb对于某人来说怎么样 it's+adjofsb对某人来说太怎么样160 it's +adjfor sb to do（对某人来说）做某事怎么样it's +adj of sb to do sth对某人来说做某事太怎么样e

44、g : it's nice of you to help me with my english161 it's a good idea for sb to do sth对来说是个好想法162 it's important to sb对某人来说很重要eg: it's important to me163 it's time to do sthit's time for sth到了该去做某事的时间eg : it's time to have class it's time for class该去上课了 164 join = take

45、part in参与 165 just now刚才166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语让什么保持什么样？167 keep out不让进入168 keep sb adj让保持keep healthy保持健康169 key to +名词表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案170 key t oans werto key可以是答题或钥匙 171 laugh at取笑 172 learn by oneself自学173 learn from sb 向某人学习174 learn to do sth学做某事 175 let sb do sth 让某人做某事176 let sb down让某人扫兴

46、eg： we shouldn't let our parents down我们不应当让我们的父母扫兴177 live from :离某地远178 live in +大地方/at + 小地方居住在某地179 look after = take care of照料照看180 lose one's way谁 迷 路181 make a decision to do sth打算做某事182 make friends with sb和谁成为伴侣eg :i want to make friends with you 183 make it early把时间定的早一点184 make on

47、exhibition of oneself让某人出洋相185 make sb /n +n使什么成为什么eg: i made her my step motheri made you my wife186 make sb /sth +adj使某人（某物）怎么样eg :you must made your bed clean187 make sb /sth adj使某人 /某物怎么样188 make sb do sth让某人做某事189 make upbe made up of 被动语态）由组成190 makedifferenceto 191 mind sb to domind one's

48、 doing介意做什么192 most + 名most of + 代193 much too +形容词 194 must be肯定 195 need + 名词196 need sb do sth需要某人做某事 197 need to do 实义动词）need do 情态动词）198 no /neither of hate to dono/neither of hate doing 199 no + 名词学习必备欢迎下载200 not anymore = no more再也不eg: he didn't cry anymore201 not形 、副）at alleg: he's n

49、ot tall at allshe doesn't jump far at all202 notat all 一点都不203 noteither表否定，也不eg : idon't japanese eitheri don't have sister, either我也没有姐姐204 notuntil直到才 205 offer / provide sb with sth给某人供应206 offer sb sth offer sth to sb供应什么东西给某人eg : i offer you water ioffer water to you我给你供应水207 on on

50、e's way to在谁去那的路上 208 on the one hand一方面on the other hand另一方面209 on the phone = over the phone用电话交谈210 on time准时in time准时 211 one day some day someday一天，有一天212 one of +可数名词的复数形式213 one to another一个到另一个214 over and over again一遍又一遍的eg : he cleaned the floor over and over agin 215 part-time job兼职工作

51、fall-time job全职工作216 pay for付钱pay the bill开钱，付钱217 please +do218 please help yourself 219 pleased with sb220 pool into = pour into221 practice +doing练习做某事 222 prefer sth to sth相对更喜 欢eg : i prefer physics to chemistry在物理和化学中，我更喜爱物理prefer sb not to do sth更情愿eg: i prefer her not to come我不喜爱她不来 223 pret

52、end to do sth装着去做什么 pretend that从句eg : the two cheats pretended to be working very hard这两个骗子装着努力工作224 ratherthan宁可也不 eg : i would rather be a doctor than a teacher我愿肯当医生，也不当老师 225 regardas把当作i regard you as my friend我把你当作我的伴侣226 remind sb about sth提示某人什么事 remind sb to do sth 提示某人做某事eg : he reminds m

53、e about cooking he reminds me to cook他提示我做饭 227 remind sb of sth使某人想起什么the words that which the teacher talk to remind me of my mother228 return sth to sb仍什么东西给某人229 say to oneself对自己说230 say to sb对某人说231 sb spend some money on sth花了多少钱在某事上232 sb spend some time with sb花了多少时间陪谁233 sb spend some time

54、in doing sth花了多少时间做某事234 sb with sb +issb and sb +are 235 see sb do观察某人做过某事 see sb doing观察某人正在做某事 236 seem to do/be +adj显得怎么样eg :you seem to be tiredyou seem to be happy237 send +sb sth送给某人某物238 sendto把什么寄到哪里去？239 shock使震动eg : oh , it's only you . you give me a shock啊，是你呀！吓我一跳240 show sb sth向某人展现某物241 show sb sth = show sth to sb拿什么东西给某