初中被动语态语法及练习

1、被动语态（强化辅导）2021.10一、英语有两种语态：主动语态和补动语态主动语态表示是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承担者catseatfish.（主动语态）猫吃鱼；fishis eatenby cats.被动语态 鱼被猫吃；被动语态的构成由“助动词 be 及物动词的过去分词”构成助动词 be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规章与be 作为连系动词时完全一样；1.一般现在时的被动语态：they speak english. english is spoken by people2.一般过去时的被动语态：he watered the flowers just now . the flowe

2、rs were watered him just now .3.一般将来时的被动语态：we will clean the classroom. the classroom will be cleaned by us .4.现在进行时的被动语态：tom is picking apples . apples are being picking by tom5.现在完成时的被动语态：the workers have built a house. a house has been built by the workers .6.情态动词的被动语态：you should look after him w

3、ell .he should be looked after well .二含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时有两种情形：1、通常把间接宾语的变为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留在原位置；tom gave me a bike last year . i was given a bike by tom last year .my father bought me a shirt yesterday . i was bought a shirt by my father yesterday .2、把直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时， 就要在间接宾语前加上介词to make 制造，buy变为被动

4、经常用for ；tom gave me a bike lastyear . a bike was given to mbye tom last year .my father bought me a shirt yesterday . a shirtfworasmbeoyuegshtterday .三、动词短语变为被动语态时不能漏掉其中的介词或副词；you must listen to the teacher carefullly in class . the teachertomcuasrtebfuelllyisitnened class.四、主动语态中有些动词，如： make ，have，

5、let，see，watch，hear 等后面常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但变为被动语态时要加to ；we often hear the boy sing in the next room . the boy is often heard to sing in the next roo四留意事项：1.不及物动词是没有被动语态：happen ,take place ,appear , hold容 纳2.系动词是没有被动语态：look, feel ,sound ,smell ,taste如： the d.ish tastes good .3.有些词组没有被动语态：sell well , w

6、rite well ,ride well如： this kind of skirt sells well.4.need表示需要时，后面常接doing 形式表示被动意义，相当于to be done .all the computers need repairing .=all the computers need to be repaired .练习：将以下各句改为被动语态1.he read the letter to all his friends.2.i don tgive him my books.3. he handed me the magazine.4. she bought her

7、 brother a dictionary.5. we must choose some books for your brother.6. they named him“ hero ”7. they found the place was a wonderful village.8the teacher is keeping the pupils at school for a revision.9. you must finish the article before friday.10. they will paint the house again next year.11. they

8、 gave mary a new doll for her birthday.12. i have told the children many times not to play here .13. we had to repair our tv set.14they showed me the room where they lived. 15they make machines in that factory16 everybody likes this song17 . people don't grow rice in the west of japan 18he often

9、 helps tom when tom is in trouble19. people speak english in many countries.english in many countries.20. we built this bridge last year.this bridge last year.21. the tiger in the zoo frightened the little girl.the girl by the tiger in the zoo.22. xiao liu has invited you to a lunch party.you to a l

10、unch party.23. you must not take these magazines out of the reading-room.these magazines the reading-room.24. we will discuss the problem at tomorrow's meeting.the problem by us at tomorrow.改正以下句子1. this house built 100 years ago. 2. football plays in most countries of the world. 3. where are yo

11、u born. 把以下句子变成主动语态1.spanish is spoken by people in south america.3. all the words must be looked up by us in a dictionary.单项挑选1.-do you often clean your classroom.-yes.our classroom every day.a. cleanb.cleansc.is cleanedd.is cleaning2. a story. by granny yesterday.a. was told us b.was told to us c.

12、is told us d.told us3. if i wings like a bird,i be able to fly in the sky.a. have;shouldb.had;wouldc.would have;willd.had;can 4.-did you go to jack s birthday party.no,i .a. am not invitedb.wasn t invitedc.haven t invited d.didn t invite 5. mum,can i go to the zoo with jack.when your homework ,you c

13、an.a. is doneb.was done c.doesd.did 6.twenty-year-olds should not to drive in china.a.allowb.be allowc.be allowedd.allowed.7. i asked him what .a. would happenb.had happenedc.happenedd.was happened.8the book businessthe speed of thought in 1999.a. writesb.is writtenc.wroted.was written.9trees and fl

14、owers every year to make our country more beautiful.a.is planted b.was planted c.are planted d.were planted.10. the monkey was seen out of the tree.a. jump b.jumps c.jumped d.to jump 11the earth is our home.it well.a. must be protectedb.should protectc.need protectd.should protected.12in recent year

15、s,many children are made what they are not .a. to do;interested inb.to do;interestedc.do;interestedd.do;interested.13 a new library in our school last year.a. is;builtb.was;builtc.does;builtd.did;built.14an accident on this road last week.a. has been happenedb.was happenedc.is happenedd.happened.15r

16、ice in the south of china.a. is grownb.are grownc.growsd.grow.16. so far, the moon by man already.a. is visitedb.will be visitedc.has been visitedd.was visited.17. how many trees this year.a. are plantedb.will plantc.have been plantedd.planted.18. lot of things by people to save the little girl now.

17、a. are doingb.are being donec.has been done d.will be done.19. neither ofthem in chinaa. is madeb.are madec.were maded.made.20. look.a nice picture for our teacher.a.is drawingb.is being drawnc.has been drawnd.draws.21. the doctor for yet.a. isn t senbt .hasn t been senct .won t be sentd.wasn t sent

18、.22.when this kind of computer . last year.a.did;useb.was;usedc.is;usedd.are;used 23.the great wall about all over the world.a.knowsb.knewc.is knownd.was known.24. he says that mr zhang to the factory next week. a.is sentb.would sendc.was sentd.will be sent.25. who this book .a. did;writtenb.was;written byc.do;writtend.was;written词汇或短语辨析：1、be able to， can能够be able