初中非限制性定语从句的讲解

1、学习必备欢迎下载非限制性 定语从句非限定性定语从句： 非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立1. which 引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情形或主句的某一部分，that不能用于引导非限制性定语从句；例如:her house,which was built a hundred years ago,stood still in theearthquake.那座房子在地震中依旧高耸，它是一百多年前建造的；3. 有时 as 也可用作关系 代词4. 在非限定性定语从句中，用who, whom代表人，用 which 代表事物

2、.5. 当先行词是专有 名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的；例如：charles sm it h, who was my former teacher, retired last year.查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师；my house, which i bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个美丽的花园；this novel, which i have read three times, is very touching.这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍；6. 非限制性定语

3、从句仍能将整个主句作为先行词,对其进行修饰 ,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数；例如：he seems not to have grasped what i meant, which greatly upsets me.他好像没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦；liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发；学习必备欢迎下载非限制性定语从句只是对主句内容，或先行词的补充、 说明或附加说明； 主句与先行词或从句之间一般用逗号分开，经常单独翻译； 没有它， 主句意思仍旧完整；引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有

4、 as，which ，who， whom，whose 等， 作定语从句的主语、宾语、表语及定语；关系 副词有 when，where 等，作定语从句的状语；关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中一般不能省；一、as 引导非限制性定语从句时，可以代主句的全部或部分内容；常表说话人关于说话的依据、态度、评论、看法等；有“正如、像”等意思；定语从句可以置主句句首、句中或句末；as 后常接 expect ， know，report，say，see 等动词的主、 被动语态 句；1 isknown to everybody ， themoontravelsround theearthonce every month

5、 ait bas c that d what2mike，as we expected ，attended the meeting像我们所期望的那样，迈克参与了会议；3he wasn't unconsicious， as could be judged from his eyes他并未失去知觉，这从他的眼神可以判定出来；二、which 引导非限制性定语从句的情形许多；（一）指代主句的全部或部分内容时，常表事实、状态、起因等，有“这就使得、这一点”等意思，常置主句末；主句与定语从句用逗号分开；1dorathy was always speaking highly of her role i

6、n the play，of course， madetheother s unhappy awho b which c this d what（二）指代先行词有多种情形；定语从句置先行词后面；1在“ npron numprep which ”，“prep which ” 定语从句里；1） they talkedabout a movie，the nameof which i'venever forgotten他们谈论过一部电影，我决不会遗忘片名；2） in sydney the chinese team got28 goldmedals，16 5 of which were won b

7、y women在悉尼奥运会，中国队夺得了28 枚金牌，其中 16 5 枚是女子夺得的； 3）china has thousands of islands， the largest of which is taiwan中国有数千个岛屿，其中最大的是台湾岛；4）chaplin went to the states in 1910，by which time he had learnt to dance and act in comedies卓别林 1910 年去了美国，那时他已学会跳舞和演喜剧了；2表唯独性，或者就是指代先行词的事物时；学习必备欢迎下载the dam， which is the b

8、iggest in the world，is 3 ，830 metres long大坝长 3，830 米，是世界上最大的坝；3先行词是独一无二的事物时；the moon，which doesn't give out light itself，is only a satellite of the earth月球本身不发光，它只是地球的一个卫星；4先行词表示类属的事物时；football， which is a very interesting game，is played all over the world 足球是一项特别好玩的运动，全世界都踢足球；5先行词是专出名词时；1） thre

9、e ofthebiggestman-madeprojects intheworldarethe great wall of china，the pyramids of egypt and the aswan high dam， which is also in egypt世界上最大的三项人造工程是中国的长城，埃及的金字塔和阿斯旺高坝， 它也在埃及；2） the nile ，whichused tofloodeveryyear ，nowruns more regularly below the dam 尼罗河年年涨洪水，现在比较正常地在大坝下面流过了；6先行词是表人的职业、品质、身份等名词，作定

10、语从句的表语时；主句和定语从句之间含有对比的意思；mike's brother is a policeman，which he isn't迈克的哥哥是警察，他可不是；7先行词是 形容词 作定语从句的表语时； 主句和定语从句含有对比的意思；li ling is very clever， which li long isn't李玲很聪慧，李珑可不是； 8先行词是集体名词表整体意思时；my family，which has 35people ， is a largeone我家有 35 口人，是一个大家庭；9先行词是国家名词表地域概念时；last year he went to

11、 egypt，which is in africa他去年去了埃及，埃及在非洲；三、as，which 是指代主句内容的非限制性定语从句时，表依据、评论与表事实、状态等没有多大差别，又在主句末时，有时可以通用；1he is quite pleased， as which can be seen from his face他特别兴奋，从他的表情可以看出来；2you always work hard，as which everyone knows大家都知道，你一向勤奋学习；但是，上面两句把定语从句置主句句首时，就只能用as；学习必备欢迎下载3this elephant is like a snake，

12、as anybody can see像任何人都能观察那样，这头象像条蛇；4bamboo is hollow， which makes it very light竹子是空的，这就使得它很轻；在否定意义的非限制性定语从句里，一般用 which 引导；5he came to my birthday party， which i didn't expect at all我完全没有想到，他来参与我的生日聚会了；四、who，whom， whose等引导非限制性定语从句时，指代人的一般名词、专出名词等；表示正是或专指先行词等情形；在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语等；1bob's father，

13、whoworked on the project，spent fouryears inegypt 鲍勃的父亲从事这项工程，在埃及度过了四年；2dad，this is zheng jie， who i knew in paris爸，这是郑杰，我在巴黎熟悉的；这一句是用主格 who 代替宾格 whom；3his mother ， whom he loved dearly， died in 1818他特别热爱他的母亲，她死于1818 年；4mr king ，whose legs were badly hurt ， was quicklytaken to hospital金先生的腿受了重伤，他很快就被

14、送去住院了；n pron num prep whom； prep whom；in whosen；thenof whom 等引导非限制性的定语从句；5he spoke of a pen-pal， the name of whomwhose name i've never forgotten他提到过一个笔友，他的名字我从未遗忘；6about 2 ，000people ，many of whom were europeans ，worked on the project大约两千人从事过这项工程，其中许多是欧洲人；7in his office there are nine clerks， th

15、e youngest of whom is mr liu 他办公室有 9 个职员，其中最年轻的是刘先生；8i decided to write about chaplin，one of whose films i had seen several years before我打算写有关卓别林的代章，他的一部电影我几年前就看过了；9wewent tohear thisfamous singer ， aboutwhomwe had heard many stories我们去听这个闻名的唱歌家演唱；我们已经听说了有关他的许多故事；学习必备欢迎下载10mr pattis，inwhoseofficemsk

16、ing was working ， wasvery surprised when he found out her secret金女士在帕蒂思办公室工作；他发觉她的隐秘时感到特别诧异；五、when， where 引导非限制性定语从句时，作定语从句的状语；when and then ， where and there；why不引导非限制性定语从句；1he was quicklytakento hospital， where a doctorwanted to examine mr king's legs金先生很快被送去住院，在那里一个医生要检查他的腿；2wewillputofftheou

17、tinguntilnextweek，when we won'tbe so busy我们把郊游推迟到下个星期，那时我们不会那么忙了；3he went to america in 1912，where and when he was noticed by an important film director他在 1912 年去了美国，当时他在那里引起了一个重要电影导演的留意；在 prep where when非限制性定语从句里， where there ，when then ；4his head soon appeared out of the second storeywindows，f

18、rom where he could see nothing but trees他的头很快从其次层楼的一个窗户伸出来了，从那里他只能观察树木； 5that was in 1929， since when things have been better 那是在 1929 年，从那时起情形就已经好转了；6i went to bed at ten，before when i was reading for an hour我 10 点去睡觉，在那时以前我看了1 小时的书；有时候 where when可以用 prep which 替换；7the southernstateswanted to setup a countryof theirown，where they wouldbe free to keep black slaves南方各州要建立一个属于他们自己的国家，在那里他们将自由地保留黑人奴隶；8istillremembered january 10，on whichwhen he cametosee me我仍旧记得 1 月 10 日，那一天他来看