第七单元--英语摩擦辅音Microsoft Word 文档

1、第七单元 英语摩擦辅音第十八课 英语摩擦辅音 (1)/f/ /v/ 发音部位: /f/v/为唇齿摩擦音。 发音方法: 下唇轻触上齿，气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过，摩擦成音。/f/发音时送气强，但声带不振动;/v/发音时声带振动，但气流较弱。注意由于汉语中没有/v/的发音，要多加练习，不要用清辅音/f/来代替这个浊辅音; 也不要和后面要讲的半元音/w/混淆。/v/是唇齿摩擦音，而/w/为舌后双唇音。音素体验1 /f/ flower first wife knife laugh音素体验2: /v/ vegetables visit vow five drive对话演练 (dialogues)1) A:

2、 What can I do for you? 有什么可以帮你？B: I'm looking for a pair of earrings我在找一对耳环。.A: Well, here they are. The latest style好的，给你。最新款式B: How beautiful! Ive never seen anything like them. 多么美丽！我从来没有见过像他们。A: Well, you can have them for eleven pounds. 嗯，你可以给他们十一英镑。B: I think five is enough我认为五是足够的A: What

3、? Five pounds? 干嘛？五磅？B: Well, seven pounds, then. 好的，七磅，然后。2) A: What are you doing, Victor. 你是做什么的，胜利。B: I'm planning to buy some food and drinks. 我想买一些食物和饮料。A: What for? 为什么呀？B: For the party, of course. 为党，当然。A: A Valentine's Day Party? 情人节晚会吗？B: Yes. Weve invited all our friends from the

4、 sophomore class.是的。我们邀请了从二年级的所有朋友。脱口而出(Speak out)朗读下列语句，注意发好摩擦音/f/和/v/。1) We serve soft-drink at five. 我们提供软饮料在五。2) Vicki is a football fan. 维姬是个足球迷。3) The vote was positive, not negative.投票的结果是积极的，不是消极的。4) The detective found various photos in the file. 侦探在文件里发现了各种各样的照片。5) If I were you, Id give u

5、p smoking. 如果我是你，我会放弃吸烟语音知识小站: 辅音的音长辅音的长度一般都比元音短。在以下情况，同一辅音还可以有不同长度的变化:1. 辅音在短元音之后念得稍长，而在长元音之后则念得稍短。例如: 稍长 live /liv/ bit /bit/稍短 leave /li:v/ beat /bi:t/2.在/m/n/l/中后的浊辅音比清辅音念得稍长些。例如: 稍长 wand /wnd/ build /bild/ 稍短 want /wnt/ built /bilt/3. 同一个辅音在词末要比其在后面带有一个非重读音节时念得稍长些。例如: 稍长 soul /sul/ sum /sm/稍短 s

6、oldier /suld/ summer /sm/第十九课 英语摩擦辅音 (2) / /ð/发音部位: /ð/为舌尖齿背摩擦音 发音方法 舌尖轻触上齿下边缘，气流从舌齿间的细小缝隙逸出，摩擦成音。 /是清辅音，声带不振动，送气强; /ð/是浊辅音，声带振动，送气弱。注意由于汉语里只有唇齿音/f/和舌尖音/s/，而没有舌齿音，发这两个音会比较困难。发舌齿音的关键在于要“吐舌”且放在上下齿之间，但不要咬住，就能发出这两个舌齿摩擦音。音素体验1: / a thread a thumb birth death音素体验2: /ð/ this cat that do

7、g mother weather 对话演练 (dialogues)1) A: So much noise!B: Oh, a dog and a cat. They are fighting each other.A: Why do they do that?B: Maybe they don't see eye to eye. 2) A: Could you pass me that book, Catherine?B: Oh，you mean this one, father?A: No, not that one, the other one. Yes, thats it.B: T

8、here you are, father. Is that all?A: Yes, thats all for the moment. Thank you, Catherine.脱口而出(Speak out)朗读下列语句，注意发好摩擦音/和/ð/。1) Together they went through thick and thin. 他们曾一起共过患难。2) Everyone would wish him health and wealth.3) It's hard to breathe in such hot weather4) My brother would rat

9、her wander on the street than go home.第二十课 英语摩擦辅音 (1) /s/z/发音部位: /s/z/为舌尖齿龈摩擦音发音方法: 舌前端靠近上齿龈，但不接触，上下齿靠拢，但不咬住，气流由舌端与上齿齿龈逸出，摩擦成音。/s/是清辅音，发音时送气，但声带不振动; /z/是浊辅音，发音时声带振动，但不送气。音素体验1: /s/ a seat a stand a house mice juice音素体验2: /z/ a zoo a zebra doze has对话演练 (dialogues)1) A: Ill sing you a song. 我为你唱一首歌。B:

10、 Sing a song. But dont sing a sad song. 唱一首歌。但不要唱了一首悲伤的歌。A: What kind of song do you like best? 你最喜欢什么样的歌吗？B: Er Well, please sing what you like. 呃嗯，请唱你喜欢。 A: OK, Ill sing Super Star, then. 好的，我会唱的超级明星，然后。2) A: He has lots of hobbies. 他有很多爱好。B: And he said he's always busy with his paintings and

11、 photographs.他说他总是忙于他的绘画和照片。A: He's won a dozen prizes for his paintings and photographs.他赢得了十几个奖，他的绘画和照片。B: But as for his restaurant in the town但对于他在城里的餐馆A: He lets his cousin look after his restaurant他让他的表妹照顾他的餐厅B: He sounds more like an artist than a businessman. 他听起来更像一个艺术家而不是一个商人。脱口而出(Spea

12、k out)朗读下列语句，注意发好摩擦音/s/和/z/。1) Sally saw a snake in the grass. 萨利在草丛里看见一条蛇。2) Susan can sing some Swiss songs. 苏珊会唱一些瑞士的歌。3) Susan is always so busy. 苏珊总是很忙。4) The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳从东方升起，在西方落下.5) This is a non-smoking zone. 这是一个非吸烟区。6) Those boys made a lot of noise, the

13、ir cries could be heard for miles.那些男孩子发出很大的噪音，它们的叫声，几英里外都能听见语音知识小站: 辅音连缀在一个音节中，两个或三个以上相邻的辅音连在一起发音的情况，叫辅音连缀。辅音连缀中间不能停顿，它们在拼读时不能分开。连缀中的第一个辅音读得轻而短促，一带而过，之间不能加元音/。辅音连缀可以出现在词首、词中和词尾，也出现在短语中间(其实不完全爆破等也是一种辅音连缀)。掌握好辅音连缀是通向地道口语大门的重点之一。下面我们重点来介绍词首和词尾辅音连缀。1.首辅音连缀(1) 摩擦音/s/后加爆破音/p/t/k/中的任何一个所构成的辅音连缀，即/sp/st/sk

14、/中的/p/t/k/不送气，连缀之间不加任何元音。/s/发音时轻而短促; /p/t/k/发音时长而响亮。a) /s/+/p/: /s/发音时轻而短促，/P/发音时长而响亮。例如: speak; speciall) Will you speak up? I can't hear you? 你会说话吗？我听不到你说什么？2) My mother is a special person in my life. 我的母亲是我生命中一个特别的人2）b) /s/+/t/: /s/发音时轻而短促，/t/发音时长而响亮。例如: stop; story1) Stop talking and listen

15、 to me!2 ) It's a long story.说来话长/一言难尽。c) /s/+/k/: /s/发音时轻而短促，/k/发音时长而响亮。例如: skate; ski; sky1) A: Lets go skating. 让我们去滑冰吧。B: I can't skate at all，我一点也不会滑冰，2) A: Mike, can you ski? 迈克，你会滑雪吗？B: Yes, I can. But not very well. 是的，我可以。但不是很好。3) The sky is getting very cloudy. 天空的云越来越多了。 (2) 在摩擦音/

16、s/后加鼻辅音/m/n/、舌侧音/l/、半元音/w/j/时，/m/n/l/w/j/要失去部分浊音。/s/发音时轻而短促，/m/n/l/w/j/发音时长而响亮。a) /s/+/m/: /s/发音时轻而短促，/m/发音时长而响亮。例如: smart; smalll) He's a smart businessman他是一个精明的商人2) It's a small world. ）这是一个小世界。b) /s/+/n/: /s/发音时轻而短促，/n/发音时长而响亮。例如: snow; snap; snake1) His shirt is as white as snow他的衣服洁白如雪

17、2) There is no snap left in him. 他一点精力都没有了。3) His behavior showed him to be a snake. 他的行为表明他是一条蛇c) /s/+/w/: /s/发音时轻而短促，/w/发音时长而响亮。例如: sweet; sweat; swearl) No sweet without sweat.没有勤劳的劳动就没有甜蜜的收获。2) I swear I'll never tell anyone. 我发誓不告诉任何人d) /s/+/l/: /s/发音时轻而短促，/i/发音时长而响亮。例如: sleep; slight; slim

18、; slow1) Did you sleep well last night? 你昨晚睡得好吗？2) I have a slight fever我轻微发烧3) He slighted my efforts. 他轻视我的努力。(3) /p/ /b/t/d/k/g/f/ /h/v/m/n/l/中的一个加/l/r/w/j/中的一个(这里的前后两类辅音并不是可以任意组合，有些辅音不可以彼此搭配)。发音时应注意/l/r/w/j/会失去部分浊音。爆破音/p/t/k/b/d/g/与/l/r/w/j/构成的辅音连缀发音时，爆破音必须十分轻而短促。当爆破音发音时，第二个辅音的发音已经做好了准备，即爆破音的爆破音

19、与第二个辅音的发音同时进行。这是掌握好这一类辅音连缀的关键。例如:/pl-/ place, please; /pr-/ prude, price; /pj-/ pure, pupil; /bl-/ blow, blue; /br-/ brown, bring; /bj-/ beautiful/tj-/ tune, Tuesday; /tw-/ twice, twelve; /tr-/ tree, train; /dr-/ dry, drive; /dw-/ dwell; /dj-/ dune, duty/kl-/ class, clear; /kr-/ cry, crazy; /kw-/ qu

20、ite, question; /kj-/ cure, curious例如:/gl-/ glass, glue; /gr-/ grass, grave/fl-/ fly, flower; /fr-/ fry, friend;/fj-/ few /vj-/ view/hj-/ huge /fr-/ shrink/r-/ through /mj-/ music/nj-/ new /lj-/ lure(4) 词首三个辅音连缀在口语中的读音技巧 /sp/st/sk/中的一个加/l/r/w/j/中的一个，发音时应注意，第一个摩擦音/s/读得短而轻，第二个摩擦音/p/t/k/不送气或少送气并与第三个辅音同事

21、进行完成发音，/l/r/w/j/失去部分浊音。三个辅音之间不能加元音/。例如：a) /spl-/: split, splashl) My trousers split when I sat down.2) Don't splash me; I dont want to get wetb) /spr-/: spring; spread1) When people say unkind thing about her husband, she springs to his defense.2) The rumor quickly spread through the village.c)

22、/str-/: strict; streaml) Our teacher is strict; we have to do what she says.2) Tears streamed down her cheeks.3) The students streamed into the stadiumd) /stj-/: stupid 1) How stupid of him to ask such a question.2) This book is so stupid. I dont want to finish ite) /skw-/: square1) The fighters squ

23、ared off against each other.2) They gave us a square deal.f) /skr-/: screech; scrub; screwl) “Leave me alone!” he screeched.2) Don't forget to scrub behind your ears.3) He screwed the facts to suit his own purposes.2. 尾辅音连缀 英语的尾辅音连缀包含两个辅音，有少数包含三个辅音 (例如:next ,against )。包含两个辅音的尾辅音连缀有如下三种情况:1) /i/加/p/t/k/b/d/ /m/n/f/v/ /s/中的第一个。例如: /-lp/ help; /-lt/ melt; /-lk/ bulk; /-lb/ bulb; /-ld/ build; belch; bulge; /-lm/ film; /-ln/ kiln; /-if/ self; /-lv/ twelve; health; /-ls/ elseb) /n/加/t/d/s/ 中的一个。 例如:/-nt/ want; /-nd/ hand; bench; change; month; /-ns/ dance3) /s/加/p/r/k/中的一个。例如:/-sp/ grasp; /