人教版新目标英语八年级全册知识要点

1、人教版新目标英语八年级上册知识要点Unit 1 How often do you exercise?重点短语：how often 多久一次 as for 至于；关于 how many 多少（针对可数名词） how much 多少（针对不可数名词） of course = sure 当然；确信 look after = take care of = care for 照顾；照看 a lot of = lots of = plenty of 许多；大量 every day 每一天 every night 每晚 hardly ever 几乎不 be good for 对有益 be good for

2、one's health 有益健康 try to do sth. 尝试做某事 get good grades 取得好成绩 help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 kind of 有点 want sb. to do sth. 想要（某人）做某事 keep in good health 保持健康 No two men think alike. 人心各异。Unit 2 What's the matter? 重点短语： have a cold 患感冒 shouldn't = should not be stressed out 紧张的；有压力的 a few 有些

3、；几个（针对可数名词） a little bit 有些；几个（针对不可数名词） at the moment 此刻；现在 What's the matter? = What's wrong? = What's the problem? 怎么了？ lie down and rest 躺下休息 see a doctor 看病 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 listen to 听 for example 举个例子 be good for 对有益 it's + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）（加形容词） get

4、tired 感到疲倦 stay healthy 保持健康 give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 把某物给某人 need to do sth. 需要做某事2 / 21Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?重点短语：how long 多久 get back = come back 回来 take a vacation = have a vacation 去度假 a lot = very much 很；非常 be going to do sth. 将要去做某事 sound + adj. 听起来（加形容词） sound like +

5、n. 听起来像（加名词） have a good time = have fun = enjoy oneself 玩得愉快 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看 want to do sth. = would like to do sth. 想要做某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某事 spend sometime in doing sth. 花时间做某事 need to do sth. 需要做某事 ask sb. about sth. 询问某人某方面的事情 go shopping 去购物 leave for 离开去某地Unit 4 How

6、 do you get to school?重点短语：by bus = take the bus 乘公共汽车 how far 多远 depend on 依赖于 by boat = take the boat 乘船 look at 看 by train = take the train 乘火车 by bike = ride one's bike 骑车 by subway =take the subway 乘地铁 by plane = take the plane 乘飞机 on foot 走路 get up 起床 have breakfast 吃早饭 leave for somewhere

7、 离开去某地 take sb. to somewhere 带某人去某地 half an hour = thirty minutes 半小时（三十分钟） around the world = all over the world 全世界 get to school 到学校 think of 认为 on weekend 在周末Unit 5 Can you come to my party?重点短语：the day after tomorrow 后天 the day before yesterday 前天 come over 来访 study for a test 复习迎考 go to the do

8、ctor = see the doctor 看病 have to 不得不；必须（强调客观上） must 不得不；必须（强调主观上） help sb. with sth. = help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 too much + n. 太多（针对不可数名词） too many + n. 太多（针对可数名词） much too + adj. 太（加形容词） go to the movies 看电影 practice doing sth. 练习做某事 thanks for doing sth. 为（做）某事而感谢 go to the dentist 看牙医 be going

9、to do sth. 将要做某事（该事已计划好） will do sth. 将要做某事（该事尚未计划） keep quiet 保持安静Unit 6 I'm more outgoing than my sister.重点短语：more than 超出 in common 共同的 be good at = do well in 在某方面做得好 most of 大多数 in some ways 在某些方面 the same as 与一样 make sb. + adj. 让某人（感觉）（加形容词） stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停止当前做的事去做另

10、一件事 begin with 以开始 each other 互相 enjoy oneself = have fun = have a good time 玩得高兴 spend sometime in doing sth. = spend sometime on sth. 花时间做某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某事 on a farm 在农场Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake?重点短语：turn on 打开（电器）闭合开关 turn off 关闭（电器）断开开关 cut up 切碎 mix up 混合 add . to . 把加到上

11、 pour . into . 把浇到里面 put . in . 把放到里面 put . on . 把放到上面 a cup of 一杯 a teaspoon of 一勺Unit 8 How was your school trip? 重点短语：hang out 闲逛 sleep late 睡过头 take photos = take pictures 照相 have a great time = have fun = enjoy oneself 玩得高兴 at the end of 在的尽头 the class monitor 班长 a day off 一整天 go for a drive 开车

12、兜风 have fun doing sth. 做某事很愉快 a bowl of 一碗 help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事一些不规则动词的原形和过去式：hang hung buy bought sleep slept read/ri:d/ read/red/Unit 9 When was he born?重点短语：too . to . 太以致不能 take part in = join 参加 because of 因为 major in 主修；专研 start doing sth. 开始做某事（该事已计划好） start to do sth. 开始做某事（该事尚未计划） sp

13、end sometime with sb. 花时间和某人在一起 spend sometime in doing sth. = spend sometime on sth. 花时间做某事 see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事（强调全局） see sb. doing sth. 看见某人做某事（强调偶然性）Unit 10 I'm going to be a basketball player.重点短语：grow up 成长；长大 at the same time 同时 all over 遍及 all over the world = around the world 全世界 be

14、going to do sth. 将要做某事 practice doing sth. 练习做某事 study hard 努力学习 take lessons 上课 sound + adj. 听起来（加形容词） sound like + n. 听起来像（加名词） save money 存钱 buy sb. sth. = by sth. for sb. 给某人买某物 buy sth. with the money 用钱买某物 write articles 写文章 learn to do sth. 学习做某事 get good grades 取得好成绩 play sports 运动 keep fit

15、保持健康 write to sb. 给某人写信 enjoy doing sth. 享受做某事Unit 11 Could you please clean your room重点短语：do the dishes = wash the dishes 洗碗 take out 取出 make one's bed 整理床铺 work on 从事；忙于 do chores = do housework 干家务 do the laundry = wash the clothes 洗衣服 take care of = care for = look after 照看；照顾 sweep the floo

16、r 扫地 fold one's clothes 叠衣服 go to the movies 看电影 get a ride 骑车 go to a meeting 开会 hate (to do/doing) sth. 讨厌做某事 like (to do/doing) sth. 喜欢做某事 invite sb. to somewhere 邀请某人去某地 go to the store = go shopping 购物 forget to do sth. 忘记做某事（该事尚未做） forget doing sth. 忘记做某事（该事已做过） give sb. sth. = give sth. t

17、o sb. 把某物给某人 buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 买某物给某人 on vacation 度假Unit 12 What's the best radio station?重点短语：close to = near 靠近；接近 inexpensive = cheap 便宜的 clothing store 服装店 radio station 广播站 talent show 业余歌手演唱会 it is adj. for sb. to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）感觉（加形容词） cut the price 打折 not . at all = not

18、 . in the slightest 一点也不 in fact 实际上 pay for 为而付款 sth. cost sb. (money) 某人花钱买了某物 good/well better the best 形容词 good /副词 well 的原级、比较级和最高级 bad/badly worse the worst 形容词 bad /副词 badly 的原级、比较级和最高级 八年级下册重点语法和短语Unit 1 Will people have robots?重点语法：一般将来时态的应用        &#

19、160; do/does 的一般将来时态形式：(shall/will) do          do/does 的一般将来时态的被动语态：(shall/will) be done一般将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：肯定句例句：People will have robots in a few years.否定句例句：People (will not/won't) have robots in a few years.一般疑问句例句：Will people have robots in a fe

20、w years?特殊疑问句例句：What will people have in a few years?重点短语：won't = will not          they'll = they will          she'll = she will          he'll = h

21、e will          I'll = I will          fall in love with(sb./sth.) 爱上（某人/某物）          be able to do sth. 能够做某事        

22、60; come true 实现          in the future 未来          hundreds of 数以百计的          thousands of 数以千计的          look for(sb./

23、sth.) 寻找（某人/某物）          will would 情态动词 will 的原形和过去式          may might 情态动词 may 的原形和过去式Reading Strategy(阅读方法)Look at the title and picture, and predict what you will read about. (看着标题和图片，预知你要阅读那些方面的内容。)This h

24、elps you get ready to acquire new information. (这样可以帮助你获得一些新的信息。)Unit 2 What should I do?重点语法：过去将来时态（将来时态的委婉说法）          do/does 的过去将来时态形式：(should/would) do          do/does 的过去将来时态的被动语态：(should/would) be done过

25、去将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：肯定句例句：You should write a letter to him.否定句例句：You shouldn't write a letter to him.一般疑问句例句：Should I write a letter to him?特殊疑问句例句：What should I do?重点短语：keep sb. out 不让某人进入          What's wrong? = What's the matter? = What

26、9;s the problem? 怎么了？          out of style 不时髦的；过时的          call sb. up 给某人打电话          pay for sth. 为某事付款          pa

27、rt-time job 兼职工作          the same as = be same (to/with) 与同样          in style 时髦的；流行的          get on well with sb. = get along well with sb. 与某人相处（好）  &

28、#160;       didn't = did not          couldn't = could not          as . as possible 尽可能(eg/ as soon as possible 尽快)          a

29、ll kinds of 各种；许多          on the one hand 一方面          on the other hand 另一方面          ask sb. for sth. = ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事     &#

30、160;    ask sb. not to do sth. 请求某人不要做某事          spend (money) on sth. = spend (money) in doing sth. 花钱做某事          sth. cost sb. (money) 某人花钱为了某事        

31、  take sb. sometime to do sth. 花某人时间做某事          find out 查明          find sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事          be angry with sb. 生某人的气     

32、     be angry at sth. 生某事的气          the same age as = as old as 与某人年龄一样          have fight with sb. 与某人打架          learn to do sth. 学会做某事 

33、         not . until . 直到才          compare sth.(A) with sth.(B) 把某事(A)与某事(B)作比较          it's time for sth. = it's time to do sth. 到该做某事的时间了   

34、60;      maybe adv. 或许          may be （情态动词 + 动词原形）可能是          shall should 情态动词 shall 的原形和过去式          pay paid paid 动词 pay 的原形、过去式和过去分词R

35、eading Strategy(阅读方法)You will learn to use new words better if you use a learner's dictionary. (时刻学着应用新单词来学习比时刻使用字典这种途径方法更好。)A bilingual dictionary sometimes gives the wrong meaning for the situation you want. (在某些你需要的场合下，一本双语字典有时会给你错误的解释。)Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?重点语法：过去进

36、行时态          do/does 的过去进行时态形式：(was/were) doing          do/does 的过去进行时态的被动语态：(was/were) being done过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：肯定句例句：I was walking down the street when a UFO landed.否定句例句：I wasn't walking down the

37、street when a UFO landed.一般疑问句例句：Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed?特殊疑问句例句：What were you doing when a UFO landed?动词 when 和 while 的选择：when 后加瞬间动词，while 后加延续性动词。例句：The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.     =While the boy was walking down the stre

38、et, the UFO landed.感叹句结构：(1) How + adj. + the + 主语 + 谓语动词     =(2) What + (a/an) + adj. + n. + 主语 + 谓语动词例句：What a beautiful flower it is!     =How beautiful the flower is!      What beautiful flowers they are!     =

39、How beautiful the flowers are!重点短语：get out 出去；离开          take off 起飞          run away 逃跑；跑掉          come in 进来        

40、0; hear about = hear of 听说          take place 发生          as . as 像一样(eg/ as old as him 像他一样老)          anywhere = everywhere = here and there 任何地方   

41、;       think about 考虑          think of 认为          get up = get out of the bed 起床          at the doctor's 在诊所   &

42、#160;      every day 每一天          everyday adj. 日常的          most adj. 大部分          the most 最多的       &#

43、160;  in space 在太空中          national hero 民族英雄          all over the world = in the world 全世界Reading Strategy(阅读方法)The title can be helpful for you to understand a text. (一篇文章的标题可以帮助你理解整篇文章。)It's also

44、 a good idea to read the first sentence of each paragraph before you read. (在阅读整篇文章之前，阅读每段的第一句话也是一个很有效的方法。)Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.重点语法：宾语从句结构：主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语从句(主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语/表语)例句：-I'm good at English. He says. (改为加宾语从句的复合句)      -He says I'm good at Engli

45、sh.注意：主句是一般现在时态，宾语从句的时态不受其影响。        例句：He says I'm good at English now.              He says I was good at mathematics when I was young.      主句是过去时态，宾语从句也要用过去时态。 &#

46、160;      例句：He said I was good at mathematics when I was young yesterday.              He said I was good at English now yesterday.      宾语从句是客观真理时永远用一般现在时态。    

47、60;   例句：Our teacher says 24 hours make a day.             Our teacher said the sun gives us so many energy yesterday.      动词原形不能作主语，必须用其 -ing 形式。        例句：She said hel

48、ping others changed her life.重点短语：direct speech 直接引语          reported speech = indirect speech 间接引语          first of all = at first 首先          pass on 传递 

49、60;        be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事          be good at = do well in 在某方面做得好          in good health 身体健康          get over 克服

50、          open up 打开          care for = take care of = look after 照料；照顾          not any more = not any longer = no longer 不再      

51、60;   have a cold 感冒          end-of-year exam 年终考试          get nervous 变得紧张          forget to do sth. 忘记做某事（该事未做）      

52、60;   forget doing sth. 忘记做某事（该事已做）          it's + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 做某事对某人来说（加形容词）          context 上下文Reading Strategy(阅读方法)First read for meaning, not for detail. (首先理解文段的大致意思，不在于文段的

53、细节部分。)You can understand the meaning of a word you don't know from the context. (至于不懂的单词，你可以通过上下文来寻找它的正确释义。)Unit 5 If you go to the party, you'll have a great time!重点语法：if 引导的条件状语从句结构：主句 + if + 条件状语从句      if + 条件状语从句 + (comma) + 主句注意：在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，主句应用将来时态，状语从句用一般

54、现在时态。例句：You'll have a great time if you go to the party.     =If you go to the party, you'll have a great time.重点短语：take away 拿走          around the world = all over the world 在世界各地       

55、0;  make a living 谋生          all the time = always 一直          What's the problem? = What's the matter? = What's wrong? 怎么了？          in order to d

56、o sth. 为了做某事          make sb. do sth. 使得某人做某事（to 省略，该结构是一个不带 to 的不定式。）          make sb. adj. 使得某人（加形容词）          make sb. done 使得某人被做     

57、     be famous for 为而出名          be famous as 作为而出名          in class 在课堂上          spend .(time/money) on sth. = spend .(time/money) in doing st

58、h. 花（时间/钱）用于做某事          see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事（强调整个过程）          see sb. doing sth. 看见某人做某事（强调偶然性）          say said said 动词 say 的原形、过去式和过去分词    

59、;      tell told told 动词 tell 的原形、过去式和过去分词          eat ate eaten 动词 eat 的原形、过去式和过去分词          speak spoke spoken 动词 speak 的原形、过去式和过去分词Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?重点

60、语法：现在完成进行时态          do/does 的现在完成进行时态形式：have/has been doing          do/does 的现在完成进行时态的被动语态：have/has been being done现在完成进行时态所应用的场合：某事从过去发生一直持续到现在都在做过去发生的动作对现在造成影响例：我已上了三年初中。    I have been in Ju

61、nior School for 3 years.    自从那次他与我谈过心后，我天天都在进步。    I have been making progress since he talked with me that time.现在完成进行时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：肯定句例句：I have been skating for five hours.否定句例句：I haven't been skating for five hours.一般疑问句例句：Have you been skating for five hours

62、?特殊疑问句例句：How long have you been skating?注意：瞬间动词不能和一段时间连用。例句：你借这本书已经多长时间了？      How long have you been keeping this book?重点短语：run out of 用完；用尽          by the way 顺便说说          be intere

63、sted in doing sth. 对某事感兴趣          more than 比多          far away 在远处          would like to do sth. = want to do sth. = feel like doing sth. 想要做某事   

64、       send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物赠送给某人          in fact 实际上          room 房间（用于可数名词）；空间（用于不可数名词）          common more common

65、the most common 形容词 common 的原级、比较级和最高级Reading Strategy(阅读方法)Let your eyes "scan" the text quickly to find details that you're looking for. (在阅读文章之前，用眼睛“横扫”整篇文章，快速寻找你需要的文章要点。)You can find information quickly without reading the whole text. (这样你就不用细读整篇文章，就能寻找到你需要的一些信息。)Unit 7 Would you m

66、ind turning down the music?重点语法：mind one's doing sth. 介意（某人）做某事重点短语：not at all 一点也不          turn down 调节使音量变小          right away = in a minute = at once 立刻；马上       

67、0;  wait in line 排队等候          cut in line 插队等候          hasn't = has not          keep . down 压低声音；使缓和         

68、; at first = first of all 首先          take care 当心；小心          take care of = care about = look after 关心；照顾          break the rule 违规     &

69、#160;    obey the rule 遵守规定          put out 熄灭          pick sth. up 捡起某物          wait for sb. 等候某人        &

70、#160; depend on 依赖；依靠          get back = return 要回          mean meant meant 动词 mean 的原形、过去式和过去分词Reading Strategy(阅读方法)As we read, we need to find "topic sentences".(在我们阅读的时候，我们需要寻找“主题语句”，也就是和文章中心最相关

71、的语句。) These sentences usually gives us a "summary", or overall meaning of each paragraph and help us understand what the paragraph is about.(这些语句通常会给我们一些文章的“概要”，或者每个文段的全部意思，来帮助我们理解段落大意。) After the topic sentence comes more detail and explanation.(当“主题语句”出现后，该段的一些解释和细节也就会随之出现。)Unit 8 Why do

72、n't you get her a scarf?重点语法：询问别人为什么要做或者不做某事          why don't you do sth. = why not do sth.          例句：Why don't you get her a camera? = Why not get her a camera?     

73、60;    what about = how about          例句：How about some tennis balls? = What about some tennis balls?重点短语：fall asleep 入睡          give away 赠送；分发        &

74、#160; hear of = hear about 听说          take an interest in = be interested in 对感兴趣          make friends with 与交友          make progress 取得进步    

75、      keep kept kept 动词 keep 的原形、过去式和过去分词          feed fed fed 动词 feed 的原形、过去式和过去分词          fall fell fallen 动词 fall 的原形、过去式和过去分词          hear heard heard 动