仁爱英语八年级上册语言点、语法归纳

1、八年级上知识点总结Unit One 语法：一般将来时结构：be (am/ is /are)going to do sth. 表示计划、打算或安排e.g. Our Chinese teacher is going to give (give)a speech this Friday.Topic 11.see sb. do sth. “看到某人做了某事（强调过程，经常发生）” see sb. doing sth.“看到某人在做某事（强调瞬间，偶尔发生）”类似用法的动词还有：find; watch; hear; noticee.g. We just found Tom reading a book

2、in his study. Mr. Green often hears the little girl play the piano.2.during(介词) the summer holidaysp.s. 介词后跟动词，动词应加ing。常见介词有：in,for,of,at,by,on,about3.play against“与对抗（比赛）” fight against “为反对而斗争”4.this term/week/month/year/summer holiday/Sunday/Monday/. 将来时 next term/week/month/year/summer holiday/S

3、unday/Monday/. 将来时 last term/week/month/year/summer holiday/Sunday/Monday/. 过去时5.cheer sb. on “为某人加油” cheer sb. up “使某人振作起来”6.prefer doing sth. to doing sth. “喜欢做某事胜过做某事” prefer sth. to sth. “喜欢某物胜过某物” prefer to do sth. than do sth. “喜欢做某事胜过做某事”7.go swimming/shopping/fishing/mountain climbing/skatin

4、g/skiiing/rowing/.8.sb./sth. + be + 数词 + 量词 + 形容词e.g. The river is 300 kilometers long. => How long is the river?9.play for “为（球队）效力”10.sb. be going to be + 职业when sb. grow up sb. want to be + 职业when sb. grow up 11.ne of + 形容词最高级+名词复数+谓语单数e.g. One of the greatest wonders ,the Great Wall, lies in

5、the north of China.12.break the Olympic record “打破奥运会记录”13.win the gold medal “获得金牌”14.give up doing sth. “放弃做某事”15.What a shame ! What a pity !16.“参加” join “加入某组织、政党、团体、俱乐部等等并成为其中一员”take part in“参加某活动” join in“参加某活动或加入某一群人中”17.“花费” sb. spend some money/time on sth. sb. spend some money/time (in) do

6、ing sth. sb. pay some money for sth. sth. cost sb. some money It takes/took/will take sb. some time to do sth.18.be good at = do well in “擅长于” be weak in = do badly in19.There is/are going to be . = There will be .20.the long jump“跳远” the high jump“跳高”21.make sb./sth. + 形容词 keep sb./sth. +形容词 make s

7、b./sth. + 名词 keep sb./sth. + doing sth. make sb./sht. + do sth. 类似用法的动词有：let; help22.all over the world “全世界”23.be good for “对有益”24.“到达”arrive in +大地点arrive at + 小地点get to reach“到那儿”arrive there/ get there25.China's national team “中国国家队”26.形容词以ed结尾和人搭配： excited;interested;moved;bored形容词以ing结尾修饰(

8、事)物：exciting;interesting;moving;boring27.stay for long “待很久”28.leave for “动身前往”leave for“离开前往”Topic 2语法：表示建议的句型：Would you mind (not) doing sth. ? “做某事你(不)介意吗？” Would you mind if I .? “如果我做某事你不介意吗” 表示允许的回答：Of course not./Certainly not./.表示不允许的回答：You'd better not./Sorry.1.Could you please do me a

9、favor ?=Could you help me ?=Could you give me a hand ?2.fall ill; be ill; get ill3.pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. “把某物递给某人”give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.4.right away “立刻；马上”= at once = right now5.somewhere else6.throw . around = throw . about =throw . here and th

10、ere7.manage sth. oneself “自我管理”8.What do you mean by(介词) doing sth. ? “你那么做是什么意思”9.shout at sb. “对某人大吼” be angry at sth. “对某事生气” be angry with sb.“对某人生气”10.“也”either否定句、疑问句句末 also动词前be或助动词后too肯定句句末，逗号隔开 as well肯定句句末，不用逗号11.do one's best to do sth. “尽某人最大努力做某事”12.say sorry/hello/good-bye to sb.“向

11、某人说对不起/问好/道别” I'm sorry for what I said.“我为我说过的话感到抱歉”13.keep doing“继续做” practice doing sth. “练习做某事” enjoy doing “喜欢做” love doing“喜欢做” 14.serve the food“上菜” turn down/up “把(音量)调低/高” turn on/off“(电源)开/关”15.so . that. “如此以至于”引导结果状语从句 so that “以至于；以便” 引导目的状语从句16. start doing“开始做（已经在做）” start to do“开

12、始去做（还没开始做）”stop doing“停止做” stop to do“停下来去做”remember doing“记得做过” remember to do“记得去做”forget doing“忘记做过” forget to do“忘记去做”finish doing“做完”e.g. Stop talking! The workers are very tired,so they stop to have a rest. Don't forget to turn off lights before you leave. The old man forgot paying some mo

13、ney for the cakes,so he did it again.17.so + 形容词/副词+ that“如此以至于”引导结果状语从句so that“以便，为的是”引导目的状语从句e.g. The coat looks so nice that Mrs. Brown wants to take it.18.more and more popular“越来越流行” “越来越”有两种表达法：1.形容词比较级 and 形容词比较级；如：taller and stronger;better and better;2.the + 形容词比较级， the + 形容词比较级；如：the more,

14、the better19.“代替”instead of介词短语 take the place of动词短语 instead副词e.g. Tom will take the place of Jack to give a speech. =Tom will give a speech instead of Jack. Jack was ill and had to stay in bed. So Tom will give a speech instead.20.Running helps to build me up.注：动词不能放句首作主语，需加ing变为动名词，而且被看成为一个整体，谓语单

15、数！e.g. Doing moring exercises is good for our health.21.have (great) fun doing sth.“做某事有乐趣”e.g. Children have fun playing with dogs.Topic 3时态：一般将来时 结构：主语 + will do sth. =>适用于任何人称搭配词：tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,in + 一段时间，next Sunday/week/year/., this morning/afternoon/evening/year/week/month/.

16、,tonight,in the futuree.g. Her uncle will visit her in three days. => How soon will her uncle visit her?1. be ready for sth. be ready to do sth. get ready for sth. get ready to do sth.2.maybe“也许，可能”副词，可放句首 may be“也许是，可能是”作谓语动词e.g. Maybe he is a doctor. = He may be a doctor.3.make friends4.Let'

17、;s make it half past six.5.take (some) photos6.win first place7.cross the finish line8.be able to “能”只表示能力，可以用于多种时态 can“能;可以;可能”除了表示能力，还可以表示允许，猜测。除了原形，只有过去式could9.improve our environment10.a symbol of “的标志”e.g. A dragon is a symbol of the Chinese nation.11.stand for “代表；象征”e.g. The full moon stands

18、for families getting together.Unit Two语法：情态助动词：can/could; may/might; should; must; have to; had better; nded; dare; ought to; 1.can“能”能力“可以”允许“可能”猜测2.may“可能”猜测“可以”允许，征求同意3.must“必须”义务；mustn't“不得”禁止“一定；准是”猜测表示请求，客气或正式程度：might > may > could > can表示猜测，可能性：must > can > could > may &

19、gt; mightmust提问时，否定回答是：Must we ? No,you don't have to./No,you needn't.“必须” must(除了过去时might外)没有时态、人称和数的变化; 主观看法 have to有时态、人称和数的变化; 客观需要had better 的否定had better notTopic 11.have a headache/toothache/backache/stomachache/cough/cold/fever have the flu; have score eyes2.I'm sorry to hear tha

20、t. => 主语 + be + 形容词 + to do sth.e.g. As a girl she is afraid to walk in the street at midnight.3.see a doctor/dentist4.I hope you will get well soon.5.What's wrong with you? = What's the matter/trouble with you? What's up?6.drink plenty of boiled water“许多的”可以用来修饰可数或不可数名词：lots of;a lot

21、 of; plenty of; a great number of;7.lift heavy things8.stay in bed9.have a good sleep10.How long have you been like this? Two days. 完整的回答是：I have been like this for two days.11.take sb. to the hospital12.day and night13.feel like doing sth. “想要做某事”14.drink hot tea with honey 15.on the Internet16.tak

22、e care of sb.=look after sb.=care for sb.(care for除了照顾，还有关爱的意思) take good care of sb.=look after sb. well=care for sb. well17.check sth. over (again)“检查”18.take these (cold) pills; take the (Chinese) medicine19.Two pills each time,three times a day.20.worry about = be worried about21.Stay in bed and

23、 don't move your leg too much.22.Follow the doctor's advice. = Take the doctor's advice.23.have an accident “发生意外”24.ask for two weeks' leave“请假两周”25.return to school soon“尽快返校” “归还”return=give.back “返回”return=go back26.Your sincerely, “你真诚地”27.eat hot foodTopic Two1.Staying up late

24、is bad for your health.动名词作主语当作一个整体，谓语须单数 stay up late “熬夜”2.do morning exercise “做早操” keep fingernails long “留长指甲”3.wash hands before meals4.go to school without breakfast5.You must not read in the sun. give up doing sth.6.read an article in the newspaper about smoking7.Walking is a good exercise.8

25、.show sth. to sb. = show sb. sth.9.put litter into the dustbin throw litter around/about/here and there10.Breakfast gives you energy for the morning. give sb. energy for.11.enough 作形容词修饰名词放前面；作副词修饰形容词或其他副词要后置e.g. Now they have enough time to repair the machine. He doesn't think that this book is

26、 interesting enough.12.Go to bed early and get up early. It will keep you active during the day.13.Something is wrong with . = There is something wrong with . 不定代词做主语，谓语单数14.exercise for a long time on an empty stomach15.“穿过” through forest/window内部;across street/bridge/desert交叉16.keep the air fresh

27、“保持通风” keep away from “远离”17.drink sour milk have an illness brush one'e teeth twice a day18.spit in public19.As we know,good health is more important than wealth.20.We should eat more fruit and vegetables and less meat.21.have healthy eating habits22.as we know23.kinds of 24.It is + 形容词 + for s

28、b. to do sth. “做某事对某人来说” It is + 形容词 + of sb. to do sth.“做某事某人”e.g. It is difficult for Tom to solve the math problem in 3 minutes It is very kind of Tom to help the old man carry the heavy box.Topic Three1.Hurry up! hurry to do sth. = do sth. in a hurry2.go ahead 口语中意思为“继续(说吧);开始”3.The flu is sprea

29、ding quickly among people these days.4.prevent sb. (from) doing sth. “阻止某人做某事” = stop sb. (from) doing sth. “阻止某人做某事” = keep sb. from doing sth. “阻止某人做某事” keep sb. doing sth. “让某人一直做某事”5.crowded places6.change our clothes often7.Just/Wait a moment/minute/second, please. = Hold on,please.8.Could/May

30、I speak to sb. ?9.examine a patient10.ring sb. up=call/telephone/phone sb.=give sb. a call/ring “打电话给某人” call sb. back“给某人回电话”11.leave a message“留口信”;take a message“捎口信”; give sb. the message“给某人带口信”12.give a talk; Be on time. fast food 13.cause accidents stay safe first aid14.on the other hand15.av

31、oid doing sth.16.You should say no to smoking and drinking. say no to sth./doing17.sweep the floor by oneself; learn. by oneself = teach oneself; say to oneself; enjoy oneself = have a good time hurt oneself; wash oneself = take/have a bath/shower help oneself manage sth. oneself kill oneself take g

32、ood care of oneself18.in the hospital in hospital at school at the school19.It is my duty to save patients. It is + 名词 (duty/time/turn/pleasure/moment/.) + to do sth.e.g. It is your turn to clean the living room. It is the time for them to get together to have a party.20.on TV / the Internet / the c

33、omputer / the phone21.among “（三者以上）在之间” between.and.“在两者之间”22.build up one's body“增强某人体质”23.all the time“一直，始终” at the same time“同时” at times“有时，不时” at that time“在那时”24.lose one's lifeUnit 3 Our HobbiesTopic Oneused to do sth.过去常常做某事否定形式：didn't use to do sth. / usedn't to do sth.1.in

34、 one's spare/free time2.-What's your hobby? -I often go fishing. / I'm a movie fan. / My hobby is reading books.3.do some ourdoor activities4.maybe / may be5.need a change6.“喜欢做某事” like doing sth.; love doing sth.; be fond of doing sth.; be interested doing sth.; enjoy doing sth.; prefer

35、 doing sth.; have great fun doing sth.7.play the guitar => play soccer8.dance to music9.walk a pet dog10.collect stamps11.plant flowers12.make model planes13.learn a lot about sb./sth. from sb./sth.14.special events15.of great value = valuable16.My interests are changing all the time.17.do sports

36、18.know little about paintings19.Do you share my interests? => share sth. with sb.20.Let's be friends.21.in front of / in the front of22.keep pets23.chat on the Net24.Hobbies can bring people happiness, friendship and knowledge.25.daily work26.get well soon27.take/have a bath = take/have a sh

37、ower28.He doesn't mind whether they are good or not. => if不能代替Topic Two感叹句：What (a/an) + (adj.) + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！ How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语！1.go to a concert; at the concert; give the concert2.take/have English lessons/classes; => give English lessons/classes3.lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. ;

38、 borrow sth. from sb. = borrow sb. sth.4.How much is it for a piano lesson?5.It's hard to say.6.Classic music is not my favorite,but I don't mind it.7.Pop music often comes and goes quickly.8.be popular with sb.9.be famouse for; be famous as; be famous to10.form a band; set up a

39、sb./sth. ; call sb./sth. 12.do a lot of traveling13.get to know14.in the 1980s15.close friendsTopic Three过去进行时：结构：was / were + doing用法：过去某个时刻正在进行的动作：at 8:00/. + 过去的时间at this/that time/moment + 过去的时间 过去某段时间内持续进行的动作：from 7 to 9 + 过去的时间 the whole morning/. + 过去的时间注：过去进行时可以运用于when、while、as引导的时间状语从句中。as从

40、句谓语动词可用短暂性或延续性动词；从句表示进展过程。 when从句谓语动词可用短暂性或延续性动词；从句表示一个时间段或时间点。 while从句谓语动词须用延续性动词；从句表示一个时间段。eg. As he grew up, he became more clever. When he arrived home, it was just nine o'clock. While he was in London,he studied music.1.Hold the line.=Wait a moment/minute/second.2.answer the phone / pick up

41、 the phone3.eat Beijing roast duck4.Wasn't the scenery beautiful?5.just so-so6.agree with sb. =>disagree7.please “使高兴”; pleased “高兴的”; pleasant “令人高兴(愉快)的”; pleasure “高兴”8.make faces9.listen to the teacher10.in the early 1800s11.all day12.too + adj. to do sth.13.make Saturday afternoon a holi

42、dayUnit 4 Our WorldTopic One 形容词的比较级、最高级：规则变化：A.单音节和少数双音节加-er或-est: great-greater-greatest以e结尾的加-r或-st: fine-finer-finest辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i加-er或-est: happy-happier-happiest重读,辅元辅结尾,尾字母有独立发音的,双写尾字母加-er或-est: big-bigger-biggestB.多音节和部分双音节在词前加more或most: popular-more popular-the most popular不规则变化：good/well-

43、better-best; bad/ill-worse-worst; many/much-more-most;little-less-least; far-farther/further-farthest/furthest注：比较级要有比较对象，而且必须同级同类比较。搭配词：than 最高级要有比较范围，形容词最高级前加the。搭配词：of / in1.think about “考虑”; think over “仔细考虑”; think of “认为，想起”2.enjoy the beauties of nature there3.give sb.l joy4.play with sb./sth

44、.5.Cats are cuter than any other animals = Cats are the cutest animals of all.6.feed on; feed sth. to sb.; feed sb. on sth.7.thousands of8.“越来越”比较级and比较级; The+比较级,the+比较级.9.They can't live at all without water.10.make up; be made up of11.save every drop of water12.in fact13.living things14.South

45、west China = in the southwest of China15.Pandas are becoming fewer and fewer in number. =The number of pandas is becoming less and less.16.in danger17.They are the oldest type of tigers living in the world.Topic Two be (not) sure + (that)宾语从句be (not) sure + if/whether宾语从句be (not) sure + when/where/which/why/how/.宾语从句1.in some situations2.“修理”mend指较简单的修复过程，一般不需要专门技术或特殊工具repair可与mend换用，但一般需要较高的职业技能和使用较复杂的工具3.save people in danger4.lift parts of trucks5.carry heavy things6.lose one's jobs7.look for work; find a job8.wo