自考英语《英语国家概况》冲刺练习

1、.His job is important.What he does is important.This is his job.This is what he does every day. . I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day.I dont know about the man, Mr. White.I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher. .that (宾语从句或表语从句中that有时可以省略) whether,if （表示“是否”表明内容的不确定性) as

2、if ,as though （表示“好像”，“似乎”） what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however .1 That he will succeed is certain.2 Whether he will go there is not known.3 What he said is not true.4 Where he hid the money is to be found out .5 Wh

3、oever comes is welcome.6 How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting. 7 When theyll start the project has not been decided yet.为避免主语冗长为避免主语冗长, ,句子头重脚轻句子头重脚轻, ,经常经常用用it作形式主语作形式主语, ,主语从句放在后面作主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。真正的主语。1. It is certain that he will succeed.2. It is not known whether he will go

4、 there.3. It has not been decided yet when theyll start the project.“It” is used as empty subject.形式主语形式主语.宾语宾语从句从句在句中充当宾语成分在句中充当宾语成分( (可以作谓语动词、可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语) )They know that the habit will kill them.It all depends on whether they will support us.He asked how much I paid for

5、 the violin.He made it clear to the public that he did an important and necessary job. I find it necessary that we should do the homework.Tell the function of the following clauses.that, whether, if (that常可省略常可省略)who, what, which, whoever, whatever, when where why how. 当当whether后紧跟后紧跟or/or not时时,不用不

6、用if.I dont know whether I will stay or not. 介词介词后面的宾语从句不能用后面的宾语从句不能用if. I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 1. whether和和if都可以引导宾语从句都可以引导宾语从句. 在在主主+谓谓+it (形式宾语形式宾语) +宾补宾补+that从从句句(真正宾语真正宾语)的句型中的句型中不省略不省略We must make it clear that we mean what we say. 由连词由连词and连接的两个由连接的两个由that引导引导的宾语从句中的宾语从句中,第

7、二个第二个that不省略不省略。He told me (that) he would come and that he would come on time.The question is whether we can rely on him. Thats because we were in need of money at that time.He looked as if he was going to cry.Thats why I was late.表语从句表语从句: :在句中充当表语成分，一般放在句中充当表语成分，一般放在系动词之后。在系动词之后。 作用作用: :对主语进行解释说明

8、。对主语进行解释说明。bekeep, rest, remain, stay, lie, standseem, appear, look feel, smell, sound, taste, look become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run .when / where / why / how / because that / whether / as if / as though (if不不引导表语从句引导表语从句)who / whom / whose / which / what.同位语从句同位语从句在句中充当同位语成分，其一般跟在一些在句中充

9、当同位语成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名词抽象名词( (idea; belief; fact; truth; problem; news等等) )后面，对名词作进一步解释说明。后面，对名词作进一步解释说明。同位语从句常用同位语从句常用that引导或用连接副词引导或用连接副词when / where / why / how / whether The news that we won the game is exciting.Tom made his teacher a promise that he would never be late again. The thought came to him

10、 that Mary had probably fallen ill. .1.1.同位语从句的格式：同位语从句的格式：2.2.能接同位语从句的名词有：能接同位语从句的名词有：3.3.连接词通常是连接词通常是that, ,也可根据含义选用也可根据含义选用n. + 连接词连接词 + 从句从句fact, idea, news, order, belief, suggestion, advice, information等等whether, what, when, where等来引导等来引导同位语从句。同位语从句。.1. Two thirds of all girls in Britain are o

11、n a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.2. The Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China./ We heard the news last night._The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot._We heard the news last night that the Queen of England

12、was on a three-day visit in China.4. Time travel is possible./ There is no scientific proof for the idea.5. Chinese students should be given more free time./ The suggestion is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.3. Teenagers should not spend too much time online./ Many British parents

13、 hold the view._Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online._There is no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is possible._The suggestion that Chinese students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school. 定语

14、从句是先行词的修饰语定语从句是先行词的修饰语, 它不涉及它不涉及 先行词的具体内容。定语从句中先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不不但起连接作用但起连接作用, 而且在定语从句中而且在定语从句中充当一充当一个句子成分个句子成分, 充当从句的宾语成分时可省充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。略。2. 同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的 解释和说明解释和说明, 表明中心词的具体内容。表明中心词的具体内容。 引导同位语从句的引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中在同位语从句中 不做任何成分不做任何成分, 只起连接作用只起连接作用, 无具体含无具体含 义义, 且不可省略。且不

15、可省略。. We expressed the hope that they had expressed.2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.1. The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.2. The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value.ATAPAPAT. _ t

16、he baby could speak made his parents very happy. A. That B. What C. Why D. If2. I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home. A. that B. if C. whether D. what主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句.3. This is _ he was often late for school. A. what B. that C. why D. whether4. We all know the truth _ the earth _ around

17、the sun. A. if; moved B. that; moves C. why; move D. whether; move表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句.At lunch time, the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.What surprised me most was that the old man co

18、uldnt see anything. The fact that Polly didnt ask for the mans name is a pity. Find clauses from the following sentences and tell the functions of them.Appositive Clause (同位语从句同位语从句)Subject Clause (主语从句主语从句)Object Clause (宾语从句宾语从句)Predicative Clause (表语从句表语从句).一、名词性从句的语序一、名词性从句的语序(1) 名词性从句构成有两种名词性从句

19、构成有两种a. That + 陈述句陈述句That light travels in straight lines is known to all. This is what we are looking for.b. 疑问词疑问词+句子的剩余成分句子的剩余成分.Could you tell me where he lives? ( )Could you tell me where does he live? ( )(2) 疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述 句语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。句语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。How was he successful

20、 is still a puzzle. ( )How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( )你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？FTTF他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。.二、名词性从句连接词的选用二、名词性从句连接词的选用(1) that 和和what 的选用的选用that 和和 what 都可引导所有的名词性都可引导所有的名词性从句。但是，从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可作从还在名词性从句中充当成分，可作从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而句的主语、宾语、或表语。而tha

21、t在在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。连接作用。.that / what1. _ he wants is a book.2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.3. The result is _ we won the game.4. This is _ we want to know.5. Is _ he told us true?6. We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7. I have no doubt _ he will come.8. I h

22、ave no idea _ he did that afternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat.a. 主语从句主语从句b. 表语从句表语从句c. 同位语从句同位语从句d. 介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句e. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用做动词宾语不能用if to do.f. 与与 or not 连在一起引导宾语从句连在一起引导宾语从句 时不用时不用if.不能使用不能使用if 的情况的情况:.1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2. _ we will hold a party in the open air

23、 tomorrow depends on the weather.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.6. The question is _ he should do it.7. The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8. I havent decided _ to go there.if / whetherWh

24、etherwhetherwhether / ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether. They expressed the hope _ they would come over to China. A. which B. that C. whom D. when2. The fact _ he didnt see Tom yesterday is true. A. that B. which C. when D. what3. I have no idea _ he will come back. A. where B. when C. what D. if.4. On

25、e of the men held the view _ the book said was right. A. what that B. that which C. that what D. which that5. Word has come _ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week. A. what B. whether C. that D. which.6. The question is _ the film is worth seeing. A. if B. what C. wheth

26、er D. how 7. They received orders _ the work be done at once. A. which B. when C. / D. that 8. The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed. A. why; why B. why; because C. why; that D. that; because .9. _ I cant understand is _ she wants to change her mind. A. What; why B. Which; how C. Th

27、at; why D. What; because10. _ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain. A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if.11. It is known to us _ where there is pollution, there is harm. A. which B. where C. what D. that12. I have the information _. A. of what hell come soon B. that hell come soo

28、n C. of that hell come soon D. his coming soon.13. - I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball. - _ it made me nearly mad. A. That he broke B. What he broke C. He broke D. His break14. It remains a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time. A. how B. that C. when D. what

29、.15. - Can I help you? - Yes, do you know _? A. when comes the bus B. when will come the bus C. when does the bus come D. when the bus comes16. He made a promise _ anyone set him free he would make him very rich. A. that B. if C. what D. that if.17. They lost their way in the forest and _ made matte

30、rs worse was _ night began to fall. A. what; that B. it; that C. what; when D. which; what.18. It now appears _ they are in need of help. A. that B. which C. what D. how19. It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days. A. which B. what C. that D. how20. It _ Joe drives badly. A. thought that B.

31、thinks that C. was thought that D. is thought that.21. You must do well _ the teacher asks you to do. A. which B. what C. that D. where22. This is _ she was born. A. where B. which C. that D. what23. The question is _ we cant go there today. A. that B. what C. which D. when.24. The question is _ it is worth doing. A. if B. whether C. which D. what25. The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time. A. because B. why C. that D. what26. My suggestion is _ we should turn the land