乐府诗英文翻译及讲解

1、Lecture 5 Yuefu SongSujie LiSchool of English, BISU2017-10-13Poems you might know 江南 Gathering Lotus陌上桑 By the Roadside Mulberry孔雀东南飞 The Bride of Jiao Zhongqing长歌行 A Song in Slow Time江南汉乐府江南汉乐府江南可采莲，莲叶何田田，鱼戏莲叶间。鱼戏莲叶东，鱼戏莲叶西，鱼戏莲叶南，鱼戏莲叶北。A General IntroductionHow did the name come into being?The yuefu

2、 was the music bureau set up in the second century BC to standardize court music. Apart from ceremonial pieces composed by scholars, it compiled a corpus of folk-songs drawn from all parts of the country for less stately occasions, and it is this popular element which became known as the “yuefu” sty

3、le, whose freshness and vitality exercised a great influence on the development of formal poetry. The development of Chinese poetry from WSP to HanBook of Songs: four-syllable linesVerse of the State of Chu: more varieties Han fu 汉赋 “不歌而咏谓之赋”；“赋者铺也，铺采擒文，体物写志也”（诗体赋，骚体赋，散体赋）多为文人所作乐府诗：以杂言和五言为主要形式的民间诗歌这

4、些乐府民歌，内容上继承诗经“饥者歌其食，劳者歌其事”的写实传统，“感于哀乐，缘事而发”，广泛地反映了劳动群众的生活与情绪。形式上突破四言体与骚体，形成了在我国诗坛占有重要地位的杂言诗与五言诗。在表现手法上，叙事成分增加，出现了很多著名的叙事诗。它是我国诗歌迈入了一个新的时期。这些民歌由当时的乐府机关收集，故名乐府民歌，在我国诗歌史上是继诗经、楚辞之后一个新的发展阶段。Two love poems 【上邪】上邪！我欲与君相知，长命无绝衰。山无陵，江水为竭，冬雷震震，夏雨雪 ，天地合 ，乃敢与君绝！ 上邪(y)：上天啊。上：指天。邪：语气助词，表示感叹。 相知：结为知己；相爱。 命：古与“令”字通

5、，使。衰(cui)【也可读作shuai】：衰减、断绝。这两句是说，我愿与你相爱，让我们的爱情永不衰绝。 陵(lng)：山峰、山头。 震震：形容雷声。 雨(y)雪：降雪。雨，名词活用作动词。 天地合：天与地合二为一。 乃敢：才敢,“敢”字是委婉的用语。A Pledge (杨宪益 戴乃迭）By heaven,I shall love you To the end of time!Till mountains crumble,Streams run dry,Thunder rumbles in winter,Snow falls in summer,And the earth mingles wit

6、h the sky Not till then will I cease to love you!For ComparisonA Red, Red Rose 一一朵红红的玫瑰朵红红的玫瑰by Robert Burns 王佐良译王佐良译O, my luves like a red, red rose, 啊，我的爱人象朵红红的玫瑰啊，Thats newly sprung in June; 六月里迎风初开，O, my luves like the melodie , 啊，我的爱人象支甜甜的曲子，Thats sweetly played in tune. 奏得合拍又和谐。As fair art tho

7、u, my bonnie lass, 我的好姑娘，多么美丽的人儿！So deep in luve am I; 请看我，多么深挚的爱情！And I will luve thee still, my dear,亲爱的，我永远爱你，Till a the seas gang dry. 纵使大海干涸水流尽。Till athe seas gang dry, my dear, 亲爱的，纵使大海干涸水流尽，And the rocks melt wi the sun; 太阳将岩石烧作灰尘，I will luve thee still, my dear, 亲爱的，我永远爱你，While the sands o l

8、ife shall run. 只要我一息犹存。And fare thee still, my only luve! 珍重吧，我唯一的爱人，And fare thee weel awhile! 珍重吧，让我们暂时别离，And I will come again, my luve, 但我定要回来，Though it were ten thousand mile.哪怕千里万里！有所思有所思，乃在大海南。何用问遗君，双珠玳瑁簪。用玉绍缭之。闻君有他心，拉杂摧烧之。摧烧之，当风扬其灰！从今以往，勿复相思，相思与君绝！鸡鸣狗吠，兄嫂当知之。妃呼狶！秋风肃肃晨风飔，东方须臾高知之！有所思：指她所思念的那个人

9、。何用：何以。问遗(wi)：“问”“遗”二字同义，作“赠与”解，是汉代习用的联语。玳瑁(di mo)：即玳瑁，是一种龟类动物，其甲壳光滑而多文采，可制装饰品。簪：古人用以连接发髻和冠的首饰，簪身横穿髻上，两端露出冠外，下缀白珠。绍缭：犹“缭绕”，缠绕。拉杂：堆集。这句是说，听说情人另有所爱了，就把原拟赠送给他的替、玉、双珠堆集在一块砸碎，烧掉。相思与君绝：与君断绝相思。鸡鸣狗吠：犹言“惊动鸡狗”。古诗中常以“鸡鸣狗吠”借指男女幽会。妃(bi)呼豨(x x)：妃，训为“悲”，呼豨，训为“歔欷”。肃肃：飕飕，风声。晨风飔(s)：据闻一多乐府诗笺说：晨风，就是雄鸡，雉鸡常晨鸣求偶。飔当为“思”，是“

10、恋慕”的意思。一说，“晨风飔”，晨风凉。须臾：不一会儿。高（ho）：是“皜”、“皓”的假借字，白。“东方高”，日出东方亮。The One I Love (杨宪益 戴乃迭）The one I loveLives south of the great ocean.What shall I send to greet him?A tortoise-shell comb with two pearlsHung from pendants of jade.They tell me his is untrueAnd I shatter the gift and burn it,And scatter its ashes to the wind.From this day onNo more must I think of him,No more must I think of the time.When the crowing of a cock, the barking of a dog,Made me tremble lest my