unit-3-under-the-sea基础知识

1、Unit 3Under the sea1witness vt. 当场见到；目击；见证n. 目击者；证人；证据He witnessed to having seen the man enter the room.他证明看到那个人进了房间。The police found the witness to the murder case.警察找到了那个谋杀案的目击者。The witness(目击者)who witnessed(目击)the incident gave witness(证据)to the police and promised to be a witness(证人)运用提升After t

2、he explosion, the policemen did a lot of work to find out some clues from the_.AonlookersBviewersCpeople Dwitnesses2urge vt. 催促；极力主张；驱策(3)have an urge to do sth. 迫切要求做某事Brown urged her to reconsider her decision. 布朗极力劝说她重新考虑自己的决定。I urged that he(should)do his best. 我强调他要尽自己最大的努力。It was urged that he

3、(should)be punished. 有人极力主张他应受到惩罚。翻译句子(1)他极力劝她学习物理。_(2)他们敦促我去申请工作。_(3)她渴望当一名电影明星。_3abandon vt. 放弃；遗弃；抛弃We had to abandon the car and walk the rest of the way. 我们只好弃车，步行赶剩下的路。Imogen had abandoned all the hope of ever seeing her brother again.伊莫金已经放弃了再次见到哥哥的全部希望。He abandoned himself to drinking. 他沉溺于饮

4、酒。 运用提升After the sixparty talk in Beijing, an agreement was reached_that North Korea would abandon_nuclear weapons.Astating; to develop Bstating; developingCto state; to develop Dstates; developing4reflect vi. 思考vt.映射；反射；思考Her face was reflected in the mirror. 她的脸映照在镜子中。He reflected on his past mist

5、akes. 他反省过去的错误。运用提升Usually, a child's behavior is a(n)_of his family environment, many studies suggest.Adescription BrecognitionCreflection Dexpression5help out vt.帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难vi. 援助；协助My father helped me out when I lost my job. 我失业时我父亲帮我摆脱困境。Bob used to help us out when we were short of staff.

6、我们人手不足时，鲍勃常常帮我们。运用：翻译下面句子1)在老师和同学们的帮助下，小明终于摆脱了爱打电子游戏的习惯。_2)地震中，许多家长不得不眼睁睁地看着他们的孩子被埋在废墟中。_3)她忍不住大笑起来。_4)请随便吃点鱼。_5)When I_in the kitchen, nothing made me feel better than preparing the eggs and serving them just the way the customers wanted.Ahelped out Bfigured outCworked out Dfound out6be/become awar

7、e of 对知道、明白；意识到He was well aware of the problem. 他很清楚这个问题。(1)(2)Are you aware that you are sitting on my hat? 你知道你正坐在我帽子上吗？As far as I'm aware, nobody has done anything about it. 据我所知，尚无人对此采取任何措施。运用提升Because he was_the new limit, he was stopped and wanted for speeding.Agood at Btired fromCunawar

8、e of Duninterested in句型精析1. As we drew closer, I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers.(P20)随着我们的逼近，我能看见一条鲸鱼正在被其他6只虎鲸袭击。“see a whale being attacked” 看到鲸正在被袭击，句中 “being attacked”作宾语补足语，表示动作正在被进行。在中学英语中being done 结构通常用于以下情况：主语：(1) Being exposed to too much radiation wil

9、l do great harm to your health. (2) Being bitten by a dog put him into a hospital. 宾语： (1) He narrowly missed being shot. (2) He insisted on his being called Mr. Cliff instead of Mr. Clive.宾语补足语：(1) When he came to himself, he found himself being looked after by an old lady. (2) When I was a child,

10、I used to watch bicycles being repaired. 后置定语：(1) The question being discussed now is of great importance to us all. (2) The tall house being built over there belongs to my uncle. 注意：“being done”形式作宾语补足语和后置定语时表被动，同时又表进行，然而在作主语和宾语时仅表被动。单项填空(1)Henry can't attend the party _ at Tom's house at p

11、resent because he is preparing the speech at the party _ at Marie's house tomorrow. A. held; being heldB. to be held; to be heldC. to be held; heldD. being held; to be held(2) Do you know anything about the meeting _ in Italy? Yes, and as a matter of fact I attended it. A. to be held B. heldC. b

12、eing held D. to hold(3)New ideas sometimes have to wait for years before _. A. being fully acceptedB. fully acceptingC. having fully acceptedD. fully accepted2Being badly wounded, the whale soon died.句型：beingdone 在句中作原因状语。having been done 也可以在句中作状语。翻译：1)当被问到谁偷了钱时，这个年轻人沉默了。_，the young man kept silent

13、.2)由于受到很好的照顾，这些树长得越来越壮。_，the trees are growing better and better.3)约翰被关在监狱许多年后，最近获释。_，John has recently been set free.3I'm sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the daya day of pure magic!“with宾语宾语补足语”在句中充当状语，表伴随，原因等。完成句子： 1)我睡觉时喜欢开着窗。I like to sleep_.2)妈妈讲

14、着故事，小孩很快就睡着了。_， the child fell asleep soon.3)老师走了进来，手里拿着一本厚厚的书。The teacher came in_.4)由于有很多问题亟待解决，新当选的总统急得像热锅上的蚂蚁。_， the newly­elected president felt like a cat on hot bricks.4The fish didnt seem to mind me_swimming among them. 鱼儿好像并不介意我游在它们中间。me 在句中用做 swimming 的逻辑主语，这叫做动名词的复合结构。动名词的复合结构的其中一种形式

15、是“物主代词或名词所有格动名词”，在句中做主语、宾语、表语等。如果不是在句子开头，这个结构常常可以用名词的普通格(或人称代词的宾格)。His/Jack's not getting to the station on time made all of us worried.他/杰克没准时到车站使得我们大家都很担心。(做主语)Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now?我/杰克现在离开你介意吗？(做动词的宾语)Have you heard of my sister's winning the contest?我妹妹在竞赛中获胜的事你听

16、说了吗？(做动词短语的宾语)He left the city without our knowing it.他离开这个城市我们大家都不知道。(做介词的宾语)What is most important is Tom's going there at once.最重要的是汤姆立刻到那里去。(做表语)练习：（1）Do you mind _ alone at home?ATom leaving BTom having leftCTom's being left DTom to be left（2）Do you mind me_your pen?Ause BusingCto use D

17、usedThere was_time_I lived on the farm happily.Aa; that Ba; whenC/; when D/; that.完成句子1I urged that we _(立即采取措施)prevent such things happening again.2Our newspaper aims to _(反映)the views of the local community.3They failed several times，and finally _(放弃希望)finding an effective way of solving the probl

18、em.4You should set aside some time to _(反思你的成功和失败)5The whole world _(见证成功发射)Tiangong on September 29th,2019.6.Where do you plan to work?Ive made up my mind to _(去最需要我的地方).短语突破1_优于；在前面2_ 瞄准3_ 在此期间；及此同时4_ 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难5_ 对知道、明白；意识到6_ 上下翻转7_ 吓死了8_ 分类；整理9_ 即将或将要做10_ 靠近III.单项选择：1The police found a witnes

19、s _ the traffic accident and asked her to _ witness.Ato；give Bof；give aCto；give a Dof；give2After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide_for the homeless families.AoccupationBfurnitureCequipment Daccommodation3.She'll never forget her stay there_she found her son

20、who had gone missing two years before.Athat BwhichCwhere Dwhen 4.I'm not surprised that he became a writer. Even as a child he had a_imagination.Aclear Bcautious Cfunny Dvivid5Premier Wens strong love for the people is _ in what he has done and spoken.ArelievedBreflectedCresponded Drecovered6The

21、 police found a witness _ the traffic accident and asked her to _ witness.Ato；give Bof；give aCto；give a Dof；give7There is no need for you to worry.Things _ quite well.Aworked out Bhelped outCbroke out Ddropped out8Do you work in this office?No，as a clerk in this office is on vacation，Im just _ here

22、for about a week.Ahanging out Bworking outCturning out Dhelping out9Most parents are not _ the danger of their babies eating jelly，which causes most unfortunate incidents to happen.Awell aware toBvery aware ofCaware that Dwell aware of10.Today，we will begin _ we stopped yesterday so that no point wi

23、ll be left out.Awhen BwhereChow Dwhat11_ unemployment and crime are high，it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.ABefore BWhereCUnless DUntil12.The new apartment built a few months ago is large enough to_over 2,000 people.Acontain BprovideCinclude Daccommodate13. The injured bird walk

24、ed slowly，_one wing along，which made us sad.Adragging Band draggingCdragged Dto drag14. They urged that the library_open during the vacation.Awas kept Bwould be keptCis kept Dbe kept15.Usually, a child's behavior is a(n) _ of his family environment, many studies suggest.Adescription Brecognition

25、Creflection Dexpression答案：1. 答案：D考查名词辨析。句意：爆炸后，警察做了大量的工作从目击证人那里查找线索。onlookers“旁观者”；viewers“观众”；witnesses“目击证人”。2. 答案：(1)He urged her to study physics.(2)They urge me to apply for the job.(3)She has an urge to become a film star.3. 答案：B4. 答案：C句意：许多研究表明，通常一个孩子的行为会是他的家庭环境的反映。description“描述”；recognition

26、“认出”；reflection“反映”；expression “表达”。5. 答案：1) With the help of the teacher and his classmates，Xiaoming managed to help himself out of his problem with computer games.2) In the earthquake, many parents couldn't help but leave their children in the ruin.3) She can't help laughing./She can't

27、 help but laugh.4) Please help yourself to some fish5)A句意：我在厨房里帮忙的时候，没有什么比能够完全按照顾客希望的方式做好鸡蛋，给他们端上桌更让我感到高兴的了。故选A。figure out“算出；想出；理解”；work out“计算出”；find out“查明，弄清楚”。6. 答案：C句式：1. 答案：(1)D (2) B (3) A2. 1）Being asked who stole the money 2) Being taken good care of 3) Having been kept in prison for many

28、years3. 1) with the window open 2)With her mother telling stories 3)with a thick book in her hand4)With a lot of problems to solve4.（1）答案：C 解析：mind 后接动名词做宾语，且动名词的逻辑主语是 Tom，表被动意义，故选C。（2）答案B 解析mind后跟v.ing形式作宾语。5. 答案B解析there was a time when有一段的时光。课后练习：答案：1.1.take immediate action to 2.reflect 3.abandon

29、ed the hope of4.reflect on your successes and failures 5.witnessed the successful launch6.go where Im most needed.短语突破答案：1.ahead of2.aim at3.in the meantime4.help(.)out5.be/become aware of6.upside down7.(be)scared to death8.sort out9.be about to do10.get close toIII.单项选择：1解析：选A。考查witness的意义和用法。a witness to.表示“的目击者”；give witness“作证