2022年2022年定语从句功能及位置

1、精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载定语从句功能及位置功能：定语从句相当于形容词,修饰名词或代词,在句中作定语；位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后；例： those who are willing to attend the party 、 sign your names here please.定语从句定语从句为由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用为作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般跟在它所修饰的先行词后面；在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词叫做定语从句； 定语从句的概念: 在复合句 中、 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句 . 被修饰的名词

2、或代词叫做先行词、 定语从句一般放在先行词的后 面.关系词引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词 , 关系词有关系代词和关系副词 ；关系代词 有 that、 which、 who、 whom、 whose、 as等,确定没有 what ；关系副词 有 where、 when、 why、how 等；关系词常有 3 个作用：连接作用,引导定语从句；代替主句中的先行词,甚至可能为主句中的一部分或者整个主句；在定语从句中充当一句子成分；注：关系代词有主语.宾语之分；一般whom作为宾语；关系代词在从句中作主语,宾语,表语,定语等,关系副词在从句中作地点状语,时间状语,缘由状语等；定语定语用来限定.修饰名词或代

3、词的,为对名词或代词起修饰.限定作用的词.短语（动词不定式短语.动名词短语和分词短语）或句子,汉语中常用 的 表示；主要由形容词担任,此外,名词 , 代词 , 数词 ,分词 , 副词 ,不定式以及介词短语 也可以来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任；单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语；短语和从句作定语时就放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语；先行词被定语从句修饰的名词.代词称为先行词 ；如 the man the book精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载编辑本段 关系代词引导的定语从句举例关系代词所代替的先行词为人或物的名词或代词,并在从句中充当主语.宾语.定语

4、等成分；关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一样；1、who、 whom、 that这些词代替的先行词为人的名词或代词,who 作主语指人,whom作宾语指人, that既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略）,可以指人也可以指物；在从句中所起作用如下：(1) is he the man who/that wants to see you.他为那个男人想见你？（ who/that在从句中作主语）(2) he is the man whom/ that i saw yesterday.他就为我昨天见的那个人；（whom/that在从句中作宾语）（ 3） the man

5、 who you spoke to just now is our english teacher你刚刚说话的那个男人为我们的英语老师2、whose用来指人或物 只用作定语、如指物,它仍可以同of which互换,指人的时候也可以用 of whom代替）(1) they rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙；(2) please pass me the book whose of which color is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书；（ 3） the man whose son is

6、a doctor is professor.3、which、 that它们所代替的先行词为事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语.宾语等,作宾语时可以省略,例如：(1) a prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村显现了前所未有的富强；（ which / that 在从句中作主语）(2) the package which / that you are carrying is about to comeunwrapped.你拿那个包裹快要散开了；which / that在从句中作

7、宾语）4、asas可以做主语,也可以作宾语,作宾语时一般不省略,指人或者物；常与 such as、the same as等短语连用；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载5, as 与 which的区分as 可以放在句首,而which不行as 表示主观,which表示客观事实as 引导非限制性定语从句编辑本段 限制性定语从句关系代词关系代词：在句中作主语.宾语或定语1. that既可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语常常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语也可以省略；eg ： this is the book（ w

8、hich ） you want.2. 假如 which 在从句中作“不及物动词 +介词”的介词的宾语,留意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总为放在关系代词 which 的前边,但有的就放在它原先的位置3. 代表物时多用which ,但在以下情形中用that而不用 which ：a) 先行词为anything、 everything、 nothing 、 none等不定代词 时；b) 先行词由every、 any、 all、 some、 no、 little、 few、 much等修饰时,这时的that常被省略；c) 先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时；d) 先行词中既有人又有物时；e) 整个句中前面

9、已有which , who、that时；f) 当先行词为物并作表语时；g) 先行词为one 时；h) 先行词同时又被the only、the very、the same修饰时；4. who和 whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语, whom作宾语时,要留意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. whose为关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格 . 它引导的从句可以修饰人和物、当它引导的从句修饰物体时、可以与 of which调换 、 表达的意思一样；关系副词关系副词：在句中作状语 关系副词 =介词 +关系代词why=for whichwhere=in/ a

10、t/ on/ . which 介词同先行词搭配when=during/ on/ in/ . which 介词同先行词搭配精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载1. where为关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句；2. when引导定语从句表示时间 注 值得一提的为,表示时间“time" 一词的定语从句只用when 引导,有时不用任何关系代词,当然也不用that 引导；by the time when you arrived in london、 we had stayed there for two weeks.到你到达伦敦的时候,我们在那里已经待了两个星期；i

11、 still remember the first time when i met her.我仍旧记得我第一次见到她；each time when he goes to business trip、 he brings a lot of living necessities、 such as towels、 soap、 toothbrush etc； 每一次他去出差,他带来了生活必需品,如毛巾,肥皂,牙刷等其他东西；3. 当从句的规律主语为some、 any、no、somebody、anybody、nobody、 something、 anything、 everything或 nothing

12、时,常用that来引导there is somebody here who wants to speak to you.这里有人要和你说话；非限制性定语从句的作用为对所修饰的成分作进一步说明,通常为引导词和先行词之间用逗号 隔开,将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立编辑本段 非限制性定语从句1. which引导的非限定性定语从句作用为说明前面整个句子的情形或主句的某一部分2. 当先行词为专出名词.物主代词或指示代词 所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常为非限制性的,例如：charles smith、 who was my former teacher、 retired last year.查理·史密

13、斯去年退休了,他曾经为我的老师；my house、 which i bought last year、 has got a lovely garden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个美丽的花园；this novel、 which i have read three times、 is very touching.这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍；3. 非限定性定语从句可将整个主句作为先行词、对其进行修饰、这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数,例如：he seems not to have grasped what i meant、 which greatly upsets me.他好像没抓住我的意思,这

14、使我心烦；liquid water changes to vapor、 which is called evaporation.液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发；4. 有时 as 也可用作关系代词精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载5. 在非限定性定语从句中,不能用关系副词why 和关系代词that,而用 who、 whom 代表人,用which、whose代表事物,假如需要用why,可用 for which代替 . ；p.s: which引导的非限制性定语从句其后不行省略成分,as 可以编 辑 本 段 关 系 代 词 引 导 的 定 语 从 句who 指人在从句中做主语

15、(1) the boys who are playing football are from class one.在踢足球的男孩们为一班的.(2) yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way.昨天,我帮忙了一个迷路的老人.whom指人在定语从句中充当宾语,常省略；（注： who 和 whom已无太大区分, 基本可以通用；区分为 who 可以做主语而 whom不行以, whom前可以加介词如 to whom ,但为 who 不行以）(1) mr. liu is the person whom you talked with on the bus.

16、刘先生就为在公交车上和你谈天的那个人.(2) mr. ling is just the boywhomi want to see.凌先生恰巧就为我想见的那个男孩.(3) the man who/whom you met just now is my friend.你刚刚见到的那个人就为我的伴侣.留意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who 代替,可省略； 假如在从句中做宾语、 就用 whom或 who. 比如 :he istheman whom/whoi talk to.他就为那个和我谈天的男人.假如为在从句中作主语就只能用who. 比如 : he is the man who has

17、 an english book.他就为那个有英语书的男人.whose 通常指人也可指物在定语从句中做定语,表全部；(1) he has a friend whose father is a doctor.他有一个伴侣的父亲为医生 .(2) i once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.我曾经住在一座现在已经倒塌的房子中.whose 指物时通常以以下结构来代替精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载(3) the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.那

18、个门被打破的教室不久会被修复；(4) the classroom the door of which is broken will soon berepaired.课堂门,被打破会不久被修复；(5) do you like the book whose color is yellow.你喜爱颜色为黄色的书吗 .(6) do you like the book the color of which is yellow.你喜爱的书的颜色,为黄色吗.which指物在定语从句中做主语,表语,定语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略；在非限制性定语从句中有“,”即可用which(1) football is a g

19、ame which is liked by most boys.足球为大多数男孩都喜爱的嬉戏.(2) this is the pen which he bought yesterday.这为他昨天刚买的钢笔 .that指人时相当于 who 或者 whom；指物时,相当于which ； 在定语从句中做主语、 表语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略；(5) the number ofthepeoplethat/whocome tovisitthecityeach year rises one million.数目的人民那个/ 谁来城市观光每年上升之一个百万(6) where is the man that/

20、whom i saw this morning.那个男人在哪里 / 我观察谁了今日早上.编辑本段 关系副词引导的定语从句when 指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用(1) i still remember the day when i first came to the school.(2) the time when we got together finally came.where 指地点在定语从句中做地点状语(1) shanghai is the city where i was born.(2) the house where i lived ten years ago ha

21、s been pulled down.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载why 指缘由在定语从句中做缘由状语(1) please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2) i dont know the reason why he looks unhappy today.留意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换(1) the reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear、(2) from the year when/

22、in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.编辑本段 介词和关系代词1）介词后面的关系代词不能省略； 2） that前不能有介词；3） 某些在从句中充当时间,地点或缘由状语的" 介词 +关系词 " 结构可以同关系副词when 、where和 why 互换；this is the house in which i lived two years ago. this is the house where i lived two years ago.do you r

23、emember the day on which you joined our club. do you remember the day when you joined our club.this is the reason why he came late.this is the reason for which he came late.介词 +关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时从句常由介词+关系代词引导当介词放在关系代词前面时,关系代词只能用which/whom 即“介词+which/whom" 且不能省略； 但当介词位于末尾时可用that/which/w

24、ho/whom.作介词的宾语,且可以省略；例如：(1) the school that/which he once studied in is veryfamous."that/which"可以省略= the school in which he once studied is very famous."which”不行省略(2) tomorrow iwillbringherea magazinethat/whichyou asked精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载for.= tomorrow i will bring here a magazine

25、 for which you asked.(3) we ll go to hear the famous singer whom/that/who we have精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载often talked about.= well go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载留意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用,如：lookfor、lookafter、 take care of等t this is the watch w

26、hich/that i am looking for. t=正确 f this is the watch for which i am looking. f=错误 2. 如介词放在关系代词前,关系代词指人时用whom,不行用 who 或者 that；指物时用which ,不能用that；关系代词为全部格时用whose(1) the man with whom you talked is my friend. t the man with that you talked is my friend. f(2) the plane in which we flew to canada is very

27、 comfortable.tthe plane in that we flew in to canada is very comfortable. f3. “介词 +关系代词”前可有some、 any、 none、 both、 all、 neither、most、 each、 few等代词.数词或者名词；(1) he loved his parents deeply、 both of whom are very kind tohim.(2) inthebaskettherearequitemany apples、some ofwhichhavegone bad.(3) there are fo

28、rty students in our class in all、 most of whom are from big cities.(4) the boat、 the name of which is topsail、 is famous.(5) i bought many books yesterday、 three of which are written by lu xun.关系代词关系代词（一般情形下）that可用在从句做主语,谓动词的宾语,但为不能做介词的宾语；which指物,在从句中作主语,谓语或宾语； who 在 从 句 中 作 主 语 ； whom在从句中作宾语；where

29、在从句中修饰表地点的名词,做地点状语； when 在从句中通常修饰表时间的名词,做时间状语； why 在从句中做缘由状语,先行词通常为"reason" 有时 why 也可用 for+which代替；例： a doctor is a personwho looks after people's health.主语谓语先行词定语从句修饰先行词判定介词和关系代词精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载方法一：用关系代词,仍为关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词；不及物动词后面无宾语,就必需要求用关系副词或者为介词加关系代词； 而及物动词后接宾语,就要求

30、用关系代词；例如：this is the mountain village where i stayed last year.i'll never forget the days when i worked together with you.判定改错 （注： 先显示题, 再显示答案, 横线；用不同的颜色表示出；）（错） this is the mountain village where i visited last year.（错） iwillneverforgetthedays when i spentinthecountryside.（对） thisisthemountainv

31、illagewhichivisitedlastyear.（对） i'll never forget the days which i spent in the countryside.习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where、when 联系在一起；此两题错在关系词的误用上；方法二：精确判定先行词在定语从句中的成分 主.谓.宾.状 ,也能正确挑选出关系代词/ 关系副词；例 1. is this museum you visited a few days ago.a. whereb. thatc. on whichd. the one例 2. is this the museum

32、the exhibition was held.a. whereb. thatc. on whichd. the one答案：例1 d ,例 2 a例 1 变为确定句：this museum is you visited a few days ago.例 2 变为确定句：thisisthemuseumtheexhibitionwas held.在句 1 中, is后应跟表语,只有theone 可以,而后面的you visited a few days ago就做 one 的定语从句；而句 2 中 、主.谓.宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词 where ,又因 in the mus

33、eum词组,可用介词in + which引导地点状语；而此题中,介词on用的不对,所以选a；关系词的挑选依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主.宾语时,挑选关系代词who、 whom、 that、 which、 whose；先行词在从句中做状语时,应挑选关系副词 where地点状语, when时间状语, why缘由状语 ；编辑本段 先行词和关系词1) whoever spits in public will be punished here.whoever可以用 anyone who代替 2) the parents will use what they have to send thei

34、r son to technical school. what可以用 all that代替 精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载但这两句句子已经不为定语从句了,为名词性从句 ；由于定语从句肯定要有先行词,而名词性从句没有；将“whoever”.“ what”分别用 “anyone who”.“ all that”代替后,才为定语从句,先行词分别为 “anyone”.“ all ”；由 as、 which引导的非限定性定语从句,as 和 which可代整个主句,相当于 and this或 and that；as 一般放在句首,which在句中；as we know、 s

35、moking is harmful to one's health.the sun heats the earth、 which is very important to us.典型例题1） alice received an invitation from her boss、 came as a surprise.a. itb. thatc. whichd. he答案 c；此为非限定性从句,不能用that修饰,而用which. , it和 he都使后句成为句子,两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接；况且选he 句意不通；2） the weather turned out to be ver

36、y good、 was more than we could expect.a. whatb. whichc. thatd. it答案 b；which可代替句子,用于非限定性定语从句,而what 不行； that不能用于非限定性定语从句,it不为 连词 ,使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法 上行不通；3） itrainedhardyesterday、preventedmefromgoingtothe park.a. thatb. whichc. asd. it答案 b；as和 which在引导非限制性定语从句时,这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思,且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语；但

37、不同之处主要 有两点：1 ） as引导的定语从句可置于句首,而which不行；2 ） as代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时,从句中的谓语必需为系动词；如为行为动词,就从句中的关系代词只能用which.；在此题中, prevent由于为行为动词,所以正确选项应为b；as 的用法例1. the sameas ；suchas 中的as为一种固定结构、和一样；i have got into the same trouble as he has.例 2. as可引导非限制性从句,常带有' 正如 ' ；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载as we know、

38、 smoking is harmful to one's health. as is known、 smoking is harmful to one's health.as 为关系代词；例1 中的 as 作 know 的宾语；例 2 中,它充当从句的主语,谓语动词know 要用被动式；一.“ as / which” 特别定语从句的先行成分1. 形容词或形容词短语作先行成分、具有形容词意义的介词短语也可以充当先行成分,如：my grandmother s house was alwaysof great importance to me、 as my own is.在肯定的语言

39、环境里,有些名词可以具有形容词的性质；这些名词主要为那些表示人的身份.职业.状态的名词；值得一提的为,在这些具有形容词性质的名词之后,引导定语从句的关系代词不能用who / whom.2. 动词短语先行成分；这种动词短语既可为限定形式也可为非限定形式；假如为动态动词短语,它们在从句中就一般有限定或非限定形式的替代动词do 和 as /which一起代替； do 可以显现,也可以不显现,但不能用其它动词代替；3. 句子作先行成分；这句子可以为整个主句也可以只为主句中的一个从句；有时为连续几个句子,有时甚至可以为一个完整的故事；二.“ as/which ”特别定语从句在句中的位置由于先行成分的构成

40、成分不同,“as/which ”特别定语从句在句中的位置有以下几种情形：1. 形容词做先行成分时：形容词或形容词短语（含具有形容词性质的名词）作先行成分,“ as / which”特别定语从句置于先行成分之后；2. 动词短语作先行成分时：动词短语作先行成分时,“as / which”特别定语从句置于先行成分之后；但为,当从句中含有表示主观意志的插入成分时,“ as”特别定语从句可以移至句子之首；3. 句子作先行成分时：“ as”特别定语从句的位置较敏捷,可以置于先行成分之前.之中或之后；但假如先行成分为直接引语,“as”特别定语从句多在先行成分之前；假如先行成分为否定句,“as”特别定语从句与

41、否定词的相对位置不同可以使它产生不同的意义；由于“as”特别定语从句具有这一特点,所以有时它的位置不能任凭移动；在非正式的文体里, “which ”特别定语从句可以显现在先行成分之中；三.“ as/which ”特别定语从句的语义功能一般说来, as 与 which 的语义功能相同,可以相互替换；但先行成分为句子时,它们的语义功能就有差异；1. 表示结果精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载表示结果的特别定语从句与其先行成分之间存在着肯定的因果关系, 从句中往往使用有结果意义的词,如动词result、 make、 enable、 cause和形容词interesting

42、、 surprising、 delightful、 disgraceful等；2. 表示评注表示评注的特别定语从句对其先行成分所述事实的正确性有确定的倾向,它通常与那些表示客观事实,普遍真理或某种习性的先行成分连用； 从句中就常用一些表示“合乎自然规律”.“众所周知”或“常常发生” 等意义的词语,如 natural、 known to all、 usual等；3. 有 无 状 语 意 义 “as”特别定语从句具有状语意义（主要为方式状语意义）,而“which ”特别定语从句就无状语意义；“ as”特别定语从句的状语意义要求它在语义上与其先行成分的语义保持一样,“ which ”特别定语从句就不

43、受这种限制；四.关系代词as 与 which的句法功能1. as / which在特别定语从句中作主语；as 作主语时,谓语动词常为连系动词（主要为 be、 seem ）,主语补语为 usual . a rule . a matter of fact等时,系动词 be 习惯常常省略；行为动词作“ as”特别定语从句的谓语时一般用于 被动语态 （其中助动词be 常略）,不及物的行为动词在“as”特别定语从句中作谓语的极少,常见的有 happen 一词；如：freddie、 as might be expected、 was attending the conference.which 作主语时,

44、谓语动词不限,主动被动皆可,只为谓语动词为被动语态时助动词be 省略；2. as和 which都可以在特别定语从句中宾语；3. as和 which在特别定语从句中作补语；如：we thought him a gentleman、 as/which he could never be.“as”特别定语从句中可以主谓倒装,“which ”从句中就不能主谓倒装；假如先行成分不为主语补语或宾语补语,关系代词用which而不用as；如：he talked like a native、 which/as he hardly was.4. which在特别从定语句中作定语；which可以在特别定语从句中作定

45、语,修饰fact、 matter、 thing等名词；这些名词代表先行成分表达的意义,有时将其略去句义仍旧完整；as 不能作定语；如：i was told to go not by train but bus、 which advice i followed.编辑本段 关系代词that的用法精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载(1) 不用 that的情形(a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时； 错the tree、thatisfourhundredyearsold、isveryfamous here.(b) 介词后不能用；we depend on the land from

46、 which we get our food.we depend on the land that/which we get our food from.(2) 只能用 that作为定语从句的关系代词的情形(a) 在 there be句型中,只用that,不用which ；(b) 在不定代词,如：anything、 nothing、 the one、 all等作先行词时,只用that,不用 which ；(c) 先行词有the only、 the very、the same、the last、just修饰时,只用 that；(d) 先行词为序数词.数词.形容词最高级时,只用that、不能用wh

47、ich ；.(e) 先行词既有人,又有物时；(f) 先行词指物,在主句中作表语时(g) 为了防止重复(h) 先行词为the way或 the reason时, that可作关系副词,也可省略(i) 主句的主语为疑问词who /which时举例：is this the book that you borrowed in the library.这为你在图书馆借的那本书吗？who that break the window should be punished谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩处all that is needed is a supply of oil.所需的只为供油问题；finally、 t

48、he thief handed everything that he had stolen to thepolice.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察；that必用1 先行词为最高级或被最高级修饰2 为序数词或被序数词修饰3 不定代词4 先行词既指人又指物5 被 only ； the every, no, one of等修饰6 主句有which ； who； whom 7there be句型中精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载8 假如有两个从句,其中一个关系代词已用了which、 另一个关系代词宜用 that9 先行词在主句中作表语,或者关系代词本身作从句的表语为宜

49、用thatthat在作宾语时可省10. 不为任何时刻关系词作主语宾语为能用that编辑本段 难点分析（一）限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情形1.当先行词为anything、 everything、 nothing something除外 、 few、all、none、 little、some 等代词时, 或者为由every、any、all、some、 no、 little、 few、 much, each 等修饰时(1) have you taken down everything that mr. li has said.(2) there seems to be nothing tha

50、t seems impossible for him in the world.(3) all that can be done has been done.(4) there is little that i can do for you.留意 1：部分时候that可以省略,如部分例句将that用括号括住；留意 2：当先行词指人时,有时也可以用who4any man that/.whohas a sense ofdutywontdo such a thing.2.当先行词被序数词修饰the first place that they visited in london was the big

51、 ben.3.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时this is the best film that i have seen.4.当形容词被the very、 the only, the same、the last 、any、little等修饰时(1) this is the very good dictionary that i want to buy、(2) after the fire in his house、 the old car is the only thing that he owned.当先行词指人时,有时也可以用who(3) wang hua is the only perso

52、n in our school who will attend the meeting？5.当先行词前面有who、 which等疑问代词时(1) who is the man that is standing there.(2) which is the t-shirt that fits me most.6.当先行词既有人,也有动物或者物体时can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned.7. 当关系代词在定语从句中做表语精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载the villagei

53、sno longertheone thatitused tobe 10 yearsago.8. 当在 there be句型中,通常情形下用that,不用 which（二）关系代词as 和 which引导的定语从句as 和 which引导非限制性定语从句,有相同之处也有不同之处；详细情形为：1.as 和 which都可以在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,代表前面整个句子；(1) he married her、 as/which was natural.(2) he was honest、 as/which we can see.2.as引导非限制性定语从句,可放在主句之前,或者主句之后,甚至可以切割一

54、个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后；另外, as 有“正如,正像”的意思(1) as is known to all、 china is a developing country.(2) he is from the south、 as we can see from his accent.(3) john、 as you know、 is a famous writer.(4) he has been to paris more than several times、 which i dont believe.留意：当主句和从句存在规律上的因果关系时,常用which ；(5) tomwas alwayslateforschool、whichmade histeacherangry. 3.当先行词受such、 the same修饰时,常用as(1) i have nev