【精品】cet应对策略

1、听力应对1.对话根据对话内容进行推测是四级听力考试非常重要的纟r成部分，也是难度较人的一类题型。其 特点是说话人表达思想的方式比较含蓄,往往不能为选择答案提供直接的信息。这就要求考 生在听懂对话的基础上，根据对话中的关键诃、上下文、说话人的语气等，利用逻辑推理去 推测说话人的真实意图、对话发牛的地点和时间、事件发牛的原因等。常见的提问形式有： what does the man mean (suggest / indicate / imply) ?what can be inferred from the conversation?what do wc learn from the conve

2、rsation?what can be concluded from the conversation?a 1.从间接回答中推测隐含意义间接回答这样的题目经常在推测题型屮岀现，其特点是，第二个说话人对第一个说话人的提 问不直接回答，而是间接回答，往往给人以答非所问的感觉。例如：m： isn" t that a new brand of typewriter you arc working at?w： oh, bill. that isn' t the first time you' ve asked me about it.q： what does the woman

3、 imply?a. the man is a forgetful person.b the typewriter is not new.c- the man can have the typc-writcr later.d the man misunderstood her对话屮的this isn' tthe first time you' ve asked me about it.意为：你已经不h-次问我这个 问题了。言外z意是“我已经说过多少次了，你怎么这么健忘。”故答案为a。2. 推测原因或结果因果题型是比较容易的一种题型。考生只要按听力题的常规方法，即浏览选项，预测考点

4、， 细听原文，对照预测，做出推测去做就可以了。要注意的是，出于礼貌，有时说话人不直接 讲出不能做某事的原因，而是先以肯定的形式表示赞同，然后再利用转折词直接说出原因。 例如：w： why didn, t you make an appointment to see the doctor last week when you first twist your ankle?m： the injury didn，t seem serious them i decided to go today because my foot still hurt when i put my weight on it

5、.q： why didn' t the man see the doctor earlier?a. his injury kept him at home-b he thought it unnecessary-c. he was too weak to see the doctor.d. he failed to make an appointment从四个选项可以推测对话涉到男上没去医牛的原因。女丄问为何没有看医牛，男士回答说当 时以为自己伤得并不严重，由此可以推断b为答案。3. 推测人物职业身份耍求考生根据对话提供的信息，推测说话人的职业、身份、对话双方的关系等。关键在于熟 悉对

6、话中常见的表示职业、身份的特征词。w: mr. smith, i' d like to talk to you about my term paper. when will it be convenient?m: what about 4 o' clock tomorrow afternoon ?q： what is the man?a. student. b dentist. c teacher. d. librarian.根据对话中与身份密切相关的关键词termpaper （学期论文）可判断答案为c。4. 从重复词句中推测真实含义听力测试中冇时会出现第二说话人重复第一说话人

7、所讲的部分词句的情况。这种情况一般冇 两种含义:一是speaker 2否定speaker 1的意见；二是speaker 2赞成speaker 1的意见（这 种情况很少）。要判断是哪种含义，首先要注意重复部分朗读时的语调：升调表示否定；降 调表示肯定。然后再结合重复词后的附加说明所表示的态度做出结论。例如：w: would you like acup of coffee to help you wake up?m： a cup of coffee? i need three or four.q： what does the man mean?a. he doesn，t like coffee a

8、t all.b he needs more cups of coffee-c. he willneed coffee in three or four minutes.d. he prefers coffee to tea.对话中重复词语用的是升调，说明speaker 2持否定态度。不过从附加说明看，speaker 2否 定的不是“咖i啡”，而是“一”，故选b。5. 利用对英语国家文化背景的了解进行推断例如：w： do you have ;janc eyre? i want a copy for my sister" s birthday.m： this book has been

9、out of stock for along time i wonder why it has become popular again q： what does the man want to know?a. when the woman' s birthday is.b who jane eyreis-c. why the book has become popular again d. what is out of stock.如果考生了解jane eyre是一本英国文学名箸并理解out of stock的意义，很容易就可推断出 答案是c。当然男士的回答“this book”也给

10、了了提示。b. 听力测试的最常考项目一）数与计算题“数字与计算”是早年大学英语四级统考中的听力测试的最常考项冃之一，常见的计算 题包括时间、价格、年龄、距离、速度等。岀题形式可分为计算型、辨认型和替换型。以加 减计算题为主。相关司匸j表达： more, less, late, early, fast, slow, ahead of schedule, delay, postpone, decrease, bring forward, times, twice, double, a quarter, a half, the day before yesterday, by noon, half

11、an hour【例一】a）$1.40 b） $4.30 c） $6.40 d） s8.60w: here is a tcn-dollar bill. give me two tickets for tonight' s show, pleasem: sure. two tickets and here' s a dollar forty cents changeq: how much does one ticket cost?【例二】a) 5:10. b) 5:00. c) 4:30. d) 5:15.m: i wonder 讦 sue will be here by five

12、 o' clock.w: her husband said she left home at half past fou匚 she should be here at ten after five and a quarter past five at the latest.q: what time did sue leave home? (2001.6/7)二丿职业.身份和相互关系,这种类型的题h相对比较简单。首先，四个选择往往是4种不同职业或者是表示两个对 话者之间关系的词。如 husband and wife, boss and secretary, librarian and s

13、tudent 或 customer and repairman等。选择项的特点决定了提问的内容。了解这一点后，在听音过程屮，就可以 把注意力集中到一些关键词或词组上，以便作出准判断。其次，提问的方式比较单一固定。1、常见的提问方式是:what，s the man/ woman?what does the man/ woman do?what' s the man' s /woman' s job/ profession/ occupation?what，s the probable relationship between the man and woman?what&

14、#39; s the probable relationship between the two speakers?在听音过程中，只需集中注意力听清对话，根据对话提供的有效信息，便可以比较快地 作出确选择。2、相关词汇和表达：1、营业员与顾客(shop assistant and customer)what can i do for you? / on sale/ can i help you? / out of style/ ready-made/ receipt/ check-out stand/ size/ color/ fit/ look round2 饭店服务员与顾客(waiter/

15、 waitress and customer)menu/ seasoning/ order/ treat/ go dutch/ steak/ ham/ bill/ dutch treat/reserve/ make a reservation3>图书管理员与学生(librarian and student)borrow/ renew/ library card/ library catalogue/ loan desk/ due/ overdue/ fine/ finish reading4、医牛与病人(doctor and patient)what" s wrong?/ wh

16、at seems to be the symptom ?/ what' s the matter?/ indigestion/ stomache/ be operated on/ give an injection/ chest pain/ feel worn out5> 教师与学生(teacher and student)tuition/ registration/ required course/ compulsory course/ optional course/ elective course/ drop out/ quit school/ credits/ atten

17、dance/pass course6、空姐与乘客(airhostess nnd passenger)take off/ board/ fasten seatbelt/ land/ depart/ departure time /extinguish cigarettes7、老板与秘书(boss and secretary)copy/ make arrangement/ break down/ inform【例一】a) husband and wife. b) father and daughterc) doctor and patient. d) teacher and student.w:

18、have you found anything wrong with my stomach?m: not yet. i? m still examining. i， 11 let you know the result next week.q: what，s the probable relationship between the man and the woman?【例二】a) a railway porte匚 b) a taxi driver.c) a bus conductor. d) a postal clerk.w: excuse me, sir, v m going to sen

19、d this parcel to london. what，s the postage for it?m: let me see. it，s one pound and fifty.q: who is the woman most probably speaking to?【例三】a) colleagues. c) employer and employee.b) husband and wife. d) mother and son.w: john, what are you doing on your computer? don' t you remember your promi

20、se?m: this is not a game it，s only a cross word puzzle that helps increase my vocabulary.q: what is the probable relationship between the speakers? (2003.1) 三丿因果关系题提高这类测试题的应试能力，考生必须学会分析选择项。根据选择项特征确定测试的具 体类型。即该题是就原因提问述是就结果进行提高；同时根据选择项中的主语、人称代词的 性质明确听音的重点，即是集中注意力听男声部分还是女士的谈话。就原因提问的测试题, 其选择项特点较为明显，通常都由

21、because引导。但也不不少含蓄型的题冃。这类测试题的 选择项没有because,不过，只要认真分析一下选择项的谓语部分也能加以确定。【例一】a) he must meet his teacher. b) he must attend a classc) he must go out with his girlfriend. d) he must stay at school to finish his homeworkw: john, do you want to go swimming with me today?m: sure, but i can" t leave now.

22、 i have an appointment with my professor at three o' clock.q: why can' t john go swimming now?【例二】a) he docsn' t enjoy business trips as much as he used to.b) he doesn' t think he is capable of doing the jobc) he thinks the pay is too low to support his familyd) he wants to spend mor

23、e time with his family.w: if i were you, i would have accepted the job.m: i turned down the offer because it would mean frequent business trips away from my family.q: why didn' t the man accept the job? (2000.6/8)四)地点与场所题地点与场所类的题目主要要求考生判断对话发牛的地点，或判断对话中某一方要去的地 方，以判断第三者所在的位置等。这类测试通常比较简单，提问的方式比较单一，

24、选择项特 点明显，一般四个选择项都是表示地点状语的介词短语。1、常见的提问方式是：where does the conversation most probably take place?where are the two speakers now?where do you think this conversation most probably take place?where is the man/ woman going?where is mary now?2、相关词汇和表达：hotel: room service, double room; reservation, front de

25、sk, bathroom reception, single roomrestaurant: menu, steak, order, salad, soft drink, dessert, soup, go dutch, beef, mutton, reservationlibrary: borrow, over-due, lend, fine, renew, catalogue, due, shelf, volumnpost office: mail, parcel, airmail, registered letter, post, postagestore: size, fashion,

26、 color, cash, department, counter, check out, on sale, of the same price, bargainbank: open an account, draw on one' s account, cash a check, current account, fixed deposithospital: fever, pills, cough, tablet, headache, take medicine, stomachache, temperature, prescribeschool: bachelor" s

27、degree, masters degree, doctor，s degree, dormitory, semester, required course, elective/ optional course, credit, examplane: flight, seat belt, take off, land, extinguish cigarettes, boarding.【例一】a) at home b) at the riverside.c) at the health center. d) at his officem: hello, this is john hopkins a

28、t the riverside health center. 1 d like to speak to mr. jones w: t m sorry, m匚 hopkins, my husband isn' t at home but i can give you his office phone number. he won' t be back until 6 o' clock.q: where does mrs. jones think her husband is now?【例二】a) in a bank. b) in a school.c) in a clot

29、hing store d) in a barbershop.w: you seem very confident about the job interview, don' t you?m: yes, i feel ready for it. i bought a good suit in the clothing store i had my hair cut. i have studied almost everything about finance and economicsq: where is the man probably going to work? (2002.1)

30、【例三】a) at a booking office b) in a hong kong hotel.c) on a busy street. d) at an airport.w: can i help you, sir?m: yes. can you show me the way to gate 9 for flight 901 to hong kong? i，m quite confused hereq: where does the conversation most probably take place? (2001.1) 五)态度与反应题涉及的主要是对话中男女双方对某人某事的法

31、。主要测试考生分析判断能力。四个选择 项都有比较明显的特点,即选择项中往往出现表示人的悄感或态度的动词或形容词等。如:be afraid, think, believe, feel, like等。另外，在选择项中常会出现表明人的喜、怒、哀、乐等情 感的形容词，如：excited, bored等。有时也会出现描述事物性质的词，如：big, small, cheap 等。常见的提问方式冇：what does the man/ woman think of-?what' s their opinion of*?how did the man /woman feel about*?how di

32、d the man / woman feel?值得提醒的是，听力测试中还有一种特殊现象。対话中的另一方（第二个说话的人）并 不直接说出口己的看法，1佃是用also, too, neither, either, so, the same来表明口己的态度。在 这种情况下，就必须听清第一个人的讲话并准确理解其态度，只有这样才能作出正确选择。【例一】a）on the whole, she liked the film.b）she didn' t see the film.c）the film was very exciting.d）the film wasn' t as good as

33、 she" d expectedm: did you like the film?w: not particularly. i was rather disappointedr d expected it to be much more excitingq: what can we learn from this conversation?【例二】a）he wishes to have more courses like i匸b）he finds it hard to follow the teacher.c）he wishes the teacher would talk more

34、.d）he doesn' t like the teacher" s accent.w: you took an optional course this semester, didn' t you? how is it going?m: terrible! it seems like the more the professor talks, the less i understand.q: how did the man feel about the course? （2002.6）【例三】a）the man went to the concert ,but th

35、e woman didn't b）the woman went to the concert .but the man didn't c）the speakers did not go to the concert.d）both speakers went to the concertm: you didn? t go to the concert last night either, did you?w: no, i had a slight headache.q: what can we learn from this conversation? （1991.6/4）tw肯

36、定与否定题听力测试题有很多对话常通过某种否定形式來表示肯定含义，或是利用肯定形式表示否 定意义。其冃的是考查学生的快速反应能力和基础知识掌握的程度。1、常见的以否定形式表示肯定意义的结构有：cannot wait+不定武或can hardly wait+不定式（急于，迫切希望）；cannot与much （或too, enough, sufficiently, over,构成的合成词）连用（无论怎么也不为过）;cannot help doing （禁不住）；cannot but do （不得不，必然）；cannot help but do （不得不）；have no choice/ altern

37、ative but to do （除做外无选择，非做不rl ）； nothing but （只有，只不过）；另外，还 可以通过各种比较结构来表示肯定含义，最常用的: nothing less than （和模一样，完全是）；more a than b 说是b,不如说是a或是a而不是b）； less a than b（与其说是 a,不如说是b或是b而不是a）； not so much a as b （是b而不是a）； a not soas b （a比b），表达的正好是原结构中形容词或副词的反义。2、常见的以肯定表示否定的意义的有：anything but （根木不）；used to （过去常常，

38、是对现在的情况的否定，说明现在已不这 样做）；too-to-（太以致不，这一结构的不定式表示否定意义）；prefer-to-（该短语 否定的是介词短语部分，表示“不喜欢或不会做”等)；would rather-than (宁愿而不， 这一结构否定的是than后的动词，would-*-rather than与其用法和同。)【例】a) she is going to give up biology.b) she spends half of her time on biology.c) to her, biology is difficult, but math is not.d) to her,

39、 math is even more difficult than biology.m: what do you think of biology?w: it' s given me a hard time, though it is not as difficult as math.q: what can we learn about the woman?【例二】a) she is eager to know what the present is.b) she is not anxious to know what it is.c) she doesn' t now wha

40、t she is asked to wait for.d) she really doesn' t care about the present.m: what did your parents buy you for your birthday?w: i don' t know. but i can hardly wait to see it.q: what does the woman mean?七)计划与行动题行动类题是四级听力测试中最常见的题型之一。题量较大。1、某人计划或打算做什么。选择项常以动词原形或动词不定式形式出现；也冇以句子 形式出现的选择项，这类选择项的谓语

41、部分常出现will, be going或be to。解题吋，应首先 根据选择项确定提问的对象，即男丄还是女丄计划或准备去做某事，这样听音时就可以集中 注意力去听相关部分，尤其是谓语动词。【例题】a) look for a more expensive hotel.b) go to another hotel by busc) try to find a quiet place.d) take a walk around the city.w: i don' t think we can find a better hotel around here at this time.m: le

42、t，s walk a little further to see 讦 there is another one. i just can' t bear the traffic noise here.q: what will the speakers most probably do?2、某人正在做什么。选择项通常是动词的ing形式。有时也会出现句子，但具谓语动 词都是进行时的形式。这类测试题的提问方式比较单一，一般部是what' s the man/ woman doing now?或what are they doing now?这种类型的测试往往比较简单，只要集中注意力听清

43、 对话中的谓语动词基本都能作出正确的判断。【例题】a) looking for a young lady.b) looking for her wrist watch.c) looking for a young gentleman.d) looking for a man wearing a wrist watch.w: excuse me, sir, but have you seen a young gentleman looking for his wrist watch?m: a young man, madam?q: what' s the woman doing?3、某人

44、提出去做什么。这类测试中，对话中的一方针対另一方提出的要求或建议，主 动提供帮助。试题的选择项通帘为动词原形或动词不定式。解题时，通常要集屮注意力听清 楚对话中第二个人的谈话，特别是谓语动词。【例题】a) go out to work. b) listen carefully to john.c) be calm and patient. d) do the easiest thingw: t m really angry at john. he never listens to mem: take it easy, alan. things will work out.q: what doe

45、s the man advise alan to do?a)推理判断题推理判断是英语四级听力测试屮最常见的题型之一，难度较人。因为说话人表达思想的 方法比较含蒂，不能为选择书答案提供直接的倍息，这就要求考生利用语音语调和逻辑推理 的思维过程來判断对话的内在含义，领会说话人的真实意图。听力理解不但要听懂具体的话 语，而且要能听懂隐含的意义，能判断讲话人的意图等。这类题型在近儿年的考试中题虽大，而且冇增加的趋势。【例一】a) jane is looking for a summer job. b) jane is packing for the summer vacation.c) jane is

46、 on her way home d) jane is eager to go home for the vacation.m: is jane looking forward to going home for the summer?w: she is counting the daysq: what does the woman imply? (1999.6/7)【例二】a) go on with the gameb) draw pictures on the computer.c) review his lessonsd) have a good rest.w: mark is play

47、ing computer gamem: should he do that when the final exam is drawing near?q: what does the man think mark should do? (2002.6)【例三】a) the exam was easier than the previous oneb) joe is sure that he will do better in the next exam.c) joe probably failed in the examd) the oral part of the exam was easie

48、r than the written part.w: listen to me, joe the exam is already a thing of the past. just forget about it.m: that" s easier said than doneq: what can we infer from the conversation? (2003.1)【例四】a) the man is usually the last to hand in his test paper.b) the man has made a mess of his midterm e

49、xam.c) the man has bad study habits.d) the man is a diligent student.m: t m exhausted i stayed up the whole night studying for my midterm math examw: but why do you always wait until the last minute?q: what does the woman imply? (2004.1)c.常见难句一、形肯定意否定的句型：1 i'd like to / i'd love to, but. 表否定

50、,重点放在 but 后。如：the students' english club is having a party on saturday night. can you come?i would like to, but 1 work at a restaurant on weekends. （1990 年 1 月）乂如：一shall we eat in the school dining-room tonight?一i'd like to, but the western food doesn't agree with me. let's go to a c

51、hineserestaurant for a change.2、使用虚拟语气的句子。在很多四级听力考试试题当屮，经常采用虚拟语气，这些句子形 式上是肯定的，但往往表达一种“本应该，本可以（却没有），希望”的情绪，放在一定的 语言环境中表否定。而这一点也是考生常忽略的，要特别注意。如：一if the traffic wasn't so bad, i could have been home by 6： 00.what a pity! john was here to see you. （1990年1月）（意思是如果早到家的话，就可以见 到约翰了，但是事实是因为交通堵塞，没能及时回家）乂如

52、：一do you like physics?well, i wish it were interesting.（意思、是事实上物理一点也没冇趣）i need a bike today, but mine has a flat tyre.i'm sorry to hear that. i would have lent you 讦 bill hadn't taken it away.（意思是不能借 给你）3、i'm sorry,. o这种彳u型是委婉的否定，其后一般接原因。如：一hello, may i speak to john smith, please?i'

53、m sorry, nobody by that name works here. （1990 年 1 月）（意思是说没有叫约翰史密斯 的人）4、由形容词last构成的特殊句型。这种结构的面意思是“是最后一个”，但真正的意思 是“是最不可能的”。如：would you like to go mountain climbing with us?that's the last thing in the world i want to do.（字面意思是爬ill是这i比界上我最后想的事,反过来讲就是根木不想去爬山）i heard tom was the man who robbed mr. s

54、mith's house.一but i think he is the last one to do such a thing.（意思是根本不可能做这件事）5、anything but旬型。此句型在四级考试中语法与结构部分考过，如果出现在听力理解部分, 应该來说比较难，但是如果我们掌握了的基本意思邛余以外的任何事物”或“根本不”, 并在听的过程中多加小心的话，还是可以做对的。如：everyone is helping out with dinner. could you make the soup?一anything but that.（意思是我不吋能做汤）6、由一些特殊短语构成的句型

55、。这种短语很多，因此就需要学生平时不断地积累，这里笔 者举两个短语为例：you're not much of a rock and roll fan, are you?it's far from being my favorite kind of music, that's for sure.（这里的 be far from 短语意思是“远非”，可理解为“这根本不是我所喜欢的音乐”）can you possibly lend me $ lountil pay-day?it's out of the question.（这里整个对话的理解就取决丁对out of t

56、he question这个短语的理 解，而通过以往的知识我们知道它的意思是“不可能的”，因此这里应理解为“我不可能借 给你”。）二、形否定意肯定的句型：1> why don't you / why not. ?这种句型相对来说比较简单，意思是"为什么不？ ”，但 我们还是应该注意它真正表达的是一个肯定概念，即“建议做某事”。如：一john, i don't know what to get for your father he has just about everything, doesn't he?do you have any suggestion

57、s?why don't you get him a pocket calculator? （1990 年 6 月）2 do you mind. ?问句的回答用no, of course not.或者not at all. o虽然字面上是否 定的，而且也理解为“不介意”，但考虑到具体的语境，通常都应理解为肯定的，意思是对 方可以做其想做的。如：一do you mind if i borrow your note?no, of course not. they are on my desk. （1994 年 1 月）（从侧面讲可以使用）3、not. until.句型。此句型一般都应理解为“

58、直到才”,因此是肯定的。如：一when can the doctor see me ?一he won't be free until tomorrow. （1995年1月）（意思是直到明天才能见你）4a not. more / better构成的特殊句型。此句型意思是不可能有比这样更好的悄况发生了，反过来讲就是指这样很好，说者对此表示 赞许，所以此句型仍然表示的是肯定意思。如：i think it's high time we turned our attention to the danger of drunk driving now.一i can't agree with you more. you see countless innocent people are killed by drunk drivers e