自编时态语态讲与练(2011-15北京真题)

1、时态语态一、 动词的时态英语谓语动词十六种主动语态的名称、形式一览表1、一般现在时dodoesam, is, are®2、一般过去时didwaswere3、现在进行时am is doingare®4、过去进行时wasdoingwere5、现在完成时has donehave6、过去完成时had done7、现在完成进行时has beenhave doing8、过去完成进行时had been doing9、一般将来时shall dowill10、过去将来时should dowould11、将来进行时shall bewill doing12、过去将来进行时should bewou

2、ld doing13、将来完成时shall havewill done14、过去将来完成时should havewould done15、将来完成进行时shall have beenwill doing16、过去将来完成进行时should have beenwould doing 1一般现在时表示现在的经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，常与表示频度的时间状语如every.，sometimes，at.等连用。I leave home for school at 7 every morning.2一般现在时表示客观真理、客观存在、科学事实或格言警句，若出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一

3、般现在时。Columbus proved that the earth is round.(客观真理)3一般现在时表将来下列动词：come，go，arrive，leave，start，begin，return的一般现在时表将来。主要用于时间表上或议事日程确定好的事情。The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.4在时间或条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来，主句用将来时。（主将从现）I won't go there，if it rains tomorrow.1The notice _ “No smoking”.  A. is to

4、ld     B. reads          C. tells       D. is read2-What _ he usually _ after school?- Sorry, I dont know.  A. do, do   B. do, does    C. does, does    D.

5、does, do3. We will go to the Great Wall if it _ next Sunday. A. doesnt rain   B. wont rain   C. didnt rain  D. havent rain4. Im afraid it will be two months _.A. when I come back   B. when Ill come back  C. before I come back  D. before Ill come

6、 back5. It _ long before we _ the result of the experiment. A. will not be, will knowB. is, will know C. will not be, knowD. is, know6. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _ from the university next year. A. will graduateB. will have graduated C. graduatesD. is to graduate7.

7、Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026_ off at 18:20.A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken8. My parents _ in Hong Kong. They were born there and have never lived anywhere else.Alive BlivedCwere living Dwill live一般过去时1.表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 When I was a child, I often played football

8、in the street.2. 在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982,just now等。I saw Tom in the street the other day.1. The old Olympic Games  _  around the year 776 BC in Greece.    A. begin   B. began   C. has begun

9、60;  D. had begun2.In 1492，Columbus _ on one of the Bahama islands，but he mistook it for an island off India.Alands Blanded Chas landed Dhad landed3.When I got on the bus，I _ I had left my wallet at home.Awas realizing BrealizedChave realized Dwould realize4.-Oh, its you! I  _  you. -

10、Ive just had my hair cut and Im wearing new glasses.A. didnt recognize       B. hadnt recognizedC. havent recognized    D. dont recognize 5. He put a finger in his mouth, tasted it and _, looking rather pleased.     A. smiles 

11、0; B. smiled   C. smiling   D. had smiled 一般将来时1. willshall +动词原形（shall用于第一人称，也可用will代替）a. 表示从现在来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态He will attend a meeting tomorrow.- Could I speak to Sara?- Sorry, she is not here right now. She  _  back in an hour.    A. comes  &

12、#160; B. came   C. will come   D. would comeb.表示一种倾向或习惯性动作（事物的固有属性或必然趋势） Fish will die without water. The door wont open.c.未事先考虑过，说话时临时做出的决定即时的行为 -Youve left the light on.-Oh, so I have .And I will go to turn it off.Ann is in hospital.Oh，really？I _ know.I _ go and visit her.Adidn

13、't；am going to Bdon't；wouldCdon't；will Ddidn't；willd. 用于条件状语从句中，表示意愿 If he will help you, you can finish the work in time.e.祈使句+and/or/otherwise+含有将来时态的句子 Study hard or youll fall behind.Close the door of fear behind you，and you _ the door of faith open before you.Asaw Bhave seen Cwi

14、ll see Dare seeing2. be going to do sth 表示主语计划、打算要做sth或有迹象要发生的事They are going to meet outside the school gate.Look at the dark clouds; it is going to rain. The sky is clouding over；we can see there _ a rainstorm.Ais going to be Bis going to haveCwill be Dwill have3. be +to do stha.表将来，按计划或正式安排注定将发生的

15、事。 We are to discuss the report next Saturdayb.第二人称表示指示 命令=should/ought to do You are to finish your homework by noon.c.用于if从句中表示打算=intend/want to doIf you are to succeed, you must work hard.The Students _ an Examination next week. Do you remember that?     A. have had  B. h

16、ad   C. are to have  D. had hadIn such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they _. A. have survivedB. are to survive C. would surviveD. will survive4. be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。常与when连用He is about to leave for Beijing.He was about to go out when the telephone rang.5. be

17、 doing（现在进行时表将来）a.=be going to do计划打算做某事 Im going abroad next year.b.马上要做某事 Because the shop is closing down, all the T-shirts are sold at half price.It's really time I went home but I'm enjoying myself, so I _ here a bit longer.Aam staying Bhave stayedCstayed Dstay- _ they _ in New York ton

18、ight?- I hope so.     A. Did, arrive   B. Are , arriving  C. Have , arrived  D. Had ,arrived6. 一般现在时表将来，时间表上或议事日程已确定好的事情The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. My plane _ at seven this morning, so I think we will take a taxi.     A.

19、leaves  B. left   C. have left   D. would leave过去将来时：表示从过去的某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。它是一个相对的时态，即立足于过去某时，从过去的某一时间看即将发生的事情就要用这一时态。 He said his mother would buy a bike for him My brother told me he wouldnt believe Jack any more.过去将来时的一些其它表达形式：1was/weregoing to动词原形 He said he was going

20、 to try2was/wereto动词原形 They said the railway was to be opened to traffic on May Day3was/were about to动词原形 We were about to go out when it began to rain4过去进行时也可用于表示将来。 I didn't know when they were coming again用法注意点： 1在时间和条件状语从句中，常用一般过去时来表示过去将来时。例如： He said he would come to see you when he had tim

21、e2“would动词原形”可表示过去习惯性的动作。此时，不管什么人称，都可用would。 When he was a child he would get up early1We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _ office soon Aleaves Bwould leave Cleft Dhad left 2 Alice, why didn't you come yesterday？    I _ ，but I had an unexpected visitor Ahad Bwould Cwas

22、 going to Ddid3. My brother called me this morning and told me that he _ in touch with me.      A. will keep   B. would keep  C. is going to keep  D. has kept4. I _ into the river when someone shouted at me “Dangerous”.     

23、A. jumped   B. was about to jump  C. have jumped  D. had jumped5.Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 _off at 18:20. A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken6.Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _. A. takes off B. is taking off C. has take

24、n off D. took off 7.Li Ming said he _ happy if Brian _ to China the next month. A. was, comes B. was, would come C. would be, came D. will be, came现在进行时1. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在进行的动作。例如： We are waiting for you.2. 现阶段正在进行的动作,但说话时动作未必正在进行。例如： Mr. Green is writing another novel. (说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)3. 与alway

25、s, constantly, forever, repeatedly等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩(表示喜好或厌恶的感情)。 You are always changing your mind. Hes constantly asking me for money.4. 现在进行时表将来a.=be going to do计划打算做某事 Im going abroad next year.b.马上要做某事 Because the shop is closing down, all the T-shirts are sold at half price.5.

26、 表示变化 动词有 increase, improve, get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。 The population of China is increasing quickly. It's getting warmer and warmer.注意，下列动词不能用于进行时：感觉类：look, smell, feel, sound, taste, see, hear等；情感类：like, love, prefer, admire, hate, fear等；思想类：wish, hope, expect, want, need, beli

27、eve, think, understand，agree, know等；其他类：have, contain, win, hold, belong to等。1. Look, the man who _ over there is our new headmaster.     A. talks   B. would talk   C. is talking    D. taught 2.  Your body  _ 100 calories an hour. A. b

28、urned  B. is burning  C. has burnt  D. will burn3.  I'm not finished with my dinner yet.But our friends _ for us.Awill wait BwaitChave waited Dare waiting4. Joan，what _ in your hand?Look！It's a birthday gift for my grandma.Ahad you held Bare you holdingCdo you hold Dwill

29、you hold 5. I'll go to the library as soon as I finish what I _.Awas doing Bam doingChave done Dhad been doing6. “The moment _ soon”，he thought to himself，waiting nervously.Acame Bhas comeCwas coming Dis coming7.It _ late .  Let s do home now.     A. gets  

30、0; B. is getting   C. has got   D. would get 8.-What are you going to do this afternoon? -Im going to the cinema with some friends. The film _quite early, so we _ to the bookstore after that.A. finished, are going B. finished, go C. finishes, are going D. finishes, go 9. To find

31、the street where I lived in my childhood is no easy task because the city _ so rapidly all these years.A. is changing         B. has changed       C. will have changed        D. will change1

32、0. Teenagers _ their health because they play computer games too much.A. have damaged B. are damaging C. damaged D. will damage过去进行时1. 表示过去某时正在进行的动作。 He was doing his homework at 6pm yesterday.2. 表示过去一段时间内的持续动作。I was planning to go on a trip to Greece the week before last.3. 过去进行时描述一件事发生的背景：一个长动作发生的

33、时候，另一个短动作发生My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.4. 在口语中，有时用过去进行时表示现在的想法，语气显得委婉。I was wondering if you could do me a favour.1.I didnt hear the ring. At that time I _ the evening news.    A. talks     B. would talk    C. is

34、talking   D. was talking2. Shirley _ a book about China last year, but I dont know whether she has finished it.      A. has written     B. wrote  C. had written     D. was writing3.  The reporter said that the UFO _

35、 east to west when he saw it.Awas travelling     B.  travelled  C. had been travelling   D. was to travel4.Hi, Susan, where were you at lunch time？I _ a seat for you in the coffee shop.Oh, sorry to miss you. My political science class ran longer than usual.Aam

36、 saving Bwas savingChad saved Dhave saved5.Mum, you should have taken me to the park this morning.I had planned to, but I couldn't afford the time. I _ a lecture.Ahad given BgaveCwas giving Dwould give6. As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read; was fallingB. was reading; fellC. was read

37、ing; was fallingD. read; fell7.I _along the street looking for a place to park when the accident _. A. went; was occurring B. went; occurredC. was going; occurred D. was going; had occurred将来进行时：表示在将来某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作, 常与一些标志性的时间状语连用：at this time tomorrow/the day after tomorrow，from 1：30pm to 4：30pm

38、tomorrow/the day after tomorrow。 1.At this time tomorrow _ over the Atlantic.AWere going to fly B. well be flying c. well flying D. were to fly2.Guess what，we've got our visas for a shortterm visit to the UK this summer.How nice！You _ a different culture then.Awill be experiencing Bhave experien

39、cedChave been experiencing Dwill have experienced3.Daniel's family _ their holiday in Huangshan this time next week.Aare enjoying Bare to enjoyCwill enjoy Dwill be enjoying4. If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring，you _ fresh watermelon in the fall. Aeat Bwould eatChave eaten Dwill be eatin

40、g现在完成时1. 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状语连用。 如：in/over/during/for the past/last few days/years, recently/lately,和since， so far, up to now, for等。Many changes have taken place in the past three years .They have lived here since 1990.注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如come, go, die, marry, b

41、uy等的完成时不能与for, since等表示一段时间的短语连用。 Betty married John three years ago. Betty have been married to John for three years. 2. 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。通用的状语already, just刚刚， before, yet, never, ever等。I have never heard of that before.Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have done that already.3. 用在时间和条

42、件状语从句中,表示将来某时完成的动作，例如：Ill go to your home when I have finished my homework.4. 与since连用的句子常用现在完成时，主句主语+have/has done since+主语+V过去时句型 It has been/is一段时间since+主语+V过去时I've lived in this house since I moved here.It has been 3 years since he came to Beijing. It is 3 years since he lived here.5. This/T

43、hat/It is the first/second. timethat主语+have/has done 。This is the first time (that)I have come here.1.In the last few years thousands of films _ all over the world.Ahave produced Bhave been producedCare producing Dare being produced2.Mr. Smith is an Australian teacher ,  he _ us English since 3

44、 years ago.A. has taught   B. is teaching  C. teaches    D. taught3. I _  the bicycle for four year years. It works very well. A. bought   B. have bought   C. have had   D. had4.Look！Somebody _ the sofa.Well，it wasn't me. I didn

45、9;t do it. Ais cleaning Bwas cleaning Chas cleaned Dhad cleaned5. Alvin，are you coming with us?I'd love to，but something unexpected _.Ahas come up Bwas coming upChad come up Dwould come up6.-Do you know our town at all?- No, this is the first time I _ here.A. was     B. have

46、been   C. came   D. have gone 7.- I'm sorry to keep you waiting.- Oh, not at all. I _ here only a few minutes. A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be 8. By the time he realizes he _ into a trap, itll be too late for him to do anything about it.A. walks B. walked C. has wa

47、lkedD. had walked过去完成时1. 表示过去某一时刻或者某一动作之前完成的动作或状态(即过去的过去)；时间状语可用by, before等构成的短语，也可用时间状语从句或通过上下文的语境表示。 I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university.He said that he had been abroad for three years.2. 表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始，一直延续到过去的这一时间，而且还可能继续下去的动作，常用的时间状语有：by then, by the end of, by the time, un

48、til, before等。By the end of last year we had built five new houses.Until then he had known nothing about it yet.3. 表示愿望、打算的动词，如hope, want, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.4. This/That/It was the first/second. timethat主语+had d

49、one 。This was the first time they had met in thirtynine years.5. Hardly/Scarcely/Barely had主语done. when.did.；No sooner had主语done.than.did. “刚一就”。Hardly had she gone to bed when the bell rang.1. Hurry up！Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate.Oh！I thought they _ without me.Awent Bare go

50、ingChave gone Dhad gone2. John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $3,000 more than he _ for the wedding.Awill plan Bhas plannedCwould plan Dhad planned3. By the time Jack returned home from England，his son _ from college.Agraduated Bhas graduatedChad been graduating Dhad gradua

51、ted4. We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody _ into the office during the night.Abroke Bhad brokenChas broken Dwas breaking5. We _ four English songs by the end of last year .A. learned  B. have learned  C. had learned   D. would learn  6. She said th

52、at _  from him since he left Beijing.A. did not heard  B .had not heard  C. would not hear  D. was not hearing 7. I _ to take a good holiday this year, but I wasnt able to get away.   A. hope B. have hoped C. had hoped D. hoped  8. Helen _ her key in the office so

53、she had to wait until her husband _ home. A. has left; comes B. left; had come C. had left; came D. had left; would come现在完成进行时：表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在。现在这个动作可能已经终止，也可能仍然在进行着。如：I have been waiting for you for two hours.Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.I think so. He _ for it for mon

54、ths. A. is preparing B. was preparingC. had been preparingD. has been preparing I have got a headache.No wonder. You in front of that computer too long. A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked二、易混易错时态1.现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别：现在完成进行时是一兼有现在完成时和现在进行时二者基本特点的时态。由于它有现在完成时的特点，所以它可以表示某一动作对现在产生的结果或影响

55、。由于它有现在进行时的特点，所以它也可以表示某一动作的延续性、临时性、重复性、生动性乃至感情色彩。 We have been cleaning the classroom We have cleaned the classroomThe villagers _ the buried people without stop since the accident happened.A. searched for B. have searched for C. had searched for D. have been searching forI wont tell the student the

56、 answer to the math problem until he _on it for more than an hour.A. has been working B. will have workedC. will have been working D. had worked2.一般过去时与现在完成时的区别：过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。I saw this film yesterday. I have seen this film. He served in the army from 2000 to 2005. He has served in the army for 5 years.1.Im terribly sorry for being late, but I _ the wrong bus.A. catch   B. had caught   C. caught   D. catching2.Jimmy said that he would come to pick me up, but he _by now.A. h