2018管理类联考：历年英语试题

1、2018考研管理类联考：历年英语试题（8）2018考研，真题是最有价值的参考复习资料，对于 2018工商管理硕士考研的同学来说，大家一定要把真题多做几遍，这样才能够更好地理解出题的方向和模式，从而 有助于自己合理的规划和安排自己的复习计划。下面是小编和考生分享的关于考研管理类联考的英语试题，供考生们参考！Directions:Read the followi ng text.Choose the best word(s) for each nu mbered bla nkand markA,B,C,D on an swer sheet1(10po in ts)The outbreak of s

2、wi ne flu that was first detected in Mexico was declared aglobal epidemic on June 11,2009. It is the first worldwide epidemic1bythe Word Health Organization in 41 years.The heighte ned alert2an emerge ncy meeti ng with flu experts inGen eva that assembled after a sharp rise in cases in Australia, an

3、d rising3in Britai n, Japa n, Chile and elsewhere.But the epidemic is ”4” in severity, accord ing to Margaret Chan,the organization' s director general,5the overwhelming majority ofpatients experiencing only mild symptoms and a full recovery, often in the6of any medical treatme nt.The outbreak c

4、ame to global7in late April 2009, whe n Mexica nauthorities no ted an unu sually large nu mber of hospitalizati ons and deaths8healthy adults. As much of Mexico City shut dow n at the height of apanic, cases bega n to9in New York City, the southwester n Un itedStates and around the world.In the Un i

5、ted States, new cases seemed to fade10warmer weatherarrived. But in late September 2009,officials reported there was11_ fluactivity in almost every state and that virtually all the12tested are thenew swine flu, also known as(A)H1N1, not seas onal flu. In the U.S, it has13more tha n one milli on peop

6、le,a nd caused more tha n 600 deathsand more tha n 6,000 hospitalizatio ns.Federal health officials14Tamiflu for childre n from the n ati onalstockpile and bega n15orders from the states for the new swi ne fluvacci ne. The new vacci ne, which is differe nt from the annual flu vacc in e, is 16ahead o

7、f expectati ons. More tha n three milli on doses were to be made available in early October 2009, though most of those17_ dose wereof the FluMist n asal spray type, which is not18for preg nant wome n,people over 50 or those with breath ing difficulties, heart disease or several other19_. But it was

8、still possible to vacc in ate people in other high-riskgroup , health care workers, people20infants and healthy young people.1. Acriticized Bappoi nted Ccomme nted Ddesig nated2. Aproceeded Bactivated Cfollowed Dprompted3. Adigits Bn umbers Camou nts Dsums4. Amoderate Bno rmal C unu sual Dextreme5.

9、Awith Bi n Cfrom Dby6. Aprogress Babse nee Cprese nee Dfavor7. Areality Bphe nomenon Cc on eept D no tiee8. Aover Bfor Camo ng Dto9. Astay up Berop up Cfill up Deover up10. Aas Bif Cu nless Du ntil11. Aexeessive Be no rmous Csig nifica nt Dmag nifice nt12. Aeategories Bexamples Cpatterns Dsamples13.

10、 Aimparted Bimmersed Cinjeeted Di nfected14. Areleased 回 relayed Crelieved Dremai ned15. Aplaei ng Bdeliveri ng Ctaki ng Dgivi ng16. Afeasible Bavailable Creliable Dapplieable17. Aprevale nt Bpri ncipal Ci nno vative Di nitial18. Aprese nted Brestrieted Creeomme nded Di ntroduced19. Aproblems Bissue

11、s Cago nies Dsufferi ngs20. Ai nvo Ived in Beari ng for Ce oncerned with Dwardi ng offSeetion n Reading eomprehensionPart ADirections:Read the follow ing four passages. An swer the questi ons below each passage by choos ing A, B, C and D. Mark your an swers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 poi nts)Text1The Ion

12、 gest bull run in a cen tury of art-market history en ded on a dramatic n ote with a sale of 56 works by Damie n Hirst,“ Beautiful In side My HeadForever ”, at Sotheby ' s in London on September 15th 2008 (see picture). All but two pieces sold, fetchi ng more tha n帝0m, a record for a sale by a s

13、in gle artist.It was a last hurrah. As the aucti on eer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehma n Brothers, filed for ban kruptcy.The world art market had already bee n los ing mome ntum for a while after risi ng vertig ino usly since 2003. At its peak in 2007 it w

14、as worth some $65 billio n, reck ons Clare McAn drew, foun der of Arts Econo mics, a research firm doublethe figure five years earlier. Since the n it may have come dow n to $50 billio n.But the market gen erates in terest far bey ond its size because it brings together great wealth, eno rmous egos,

15、 greed, passi on and con troversy in a way matched by few other in dustries. MBA加油站In the weeks and mon ths that followed Mr Hirst' s sale, spe nding of anysort became deeply un fashi on able, especially in New York, where the bail-out of the banks coin cided with the loss of thousa nds of jobs

16、and the finan cial demise of many art-bu ying inv estors. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of con temporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector for Chin ese con temporary artthey were dow n by n early 90% in the year to Nove

17、mber 2008. Within weeksthe world ' s two biggest auction houses, Sotheby ' s and Christie ' s, had to pay out n early $200m in guara ntees to clie nts who had placed works for sale with them.The curre nt dow ntur n in the art market is the worst since the Japa nese stopped buying Impress

18、i oni sts at the end of 1989, a move that started the most serious con tract ion in the market since the sec ond world war. This time experts reck on that prices are about 40% dow n on their peak on average, though some have bee n far more volatile. But Edward Dolma n, Christie' s chief executiv

19、e, says:“I' m pretty con fide nt we' re at the bottom. ”What makes this slump differe nt from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market, whereas in the early 1990s, whe n in terest rates were high, there was no dema nd eve n though many collectors wan ted to sell. Chris

20、tie' sreve nues in the first half of 2009 were still higher than in the first half of 2006.Almost every one who was in terviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the mome nt is not a lack of dema nd but a lack of good work to sell. The three Ds death, debt and divorce sti

21、ll deliver works of art to the market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keep ing away, wait ing for con fide nee to retur n.21.ln the first paragraph,Damie n Hirst's sale was referred to as“ a lastvictory ” because-.A. the art market hadwit nessed a successi on of victoryiesB. the auct io

22、n eer fin ally got the two pieces at the highest bidsC. Beautiful In side My Head Forever won over all masterpiecesD. it was successfully made just before the world finan cial crisis22. By say ing“ spe nding of any sort became deeply un fashi on able”(Line1-2,Para.3),the author suggests that.A . col

23、lectors were no Ion ger actively invo Ived in art-market aucti onsB .people stopped every ki nd of spe nding and stayed away from galleriesC.art collect ion as a fashi on had lost its appeal to a great exte ntD .works of art in gen eral had gone out of fashi on so they were not worthbuyi ng23. Which

24、 of the follow ing stateme nts is NOT ture?A .Sales of con temporary art fell dramatically from 2007to 2008.B. The art market surpassed many other in dustries in mome ntum.C. The market gen erally went dow nward in various ways.D. Some art dealers were await ing better cha nces to come.24. The three

25、 Ds men ti oned in the last paragraph areA. auct ion houses ' favoritesB. c on temporary trendsC. factors promot ing artwork circulati onD. styles represe nting impressio nists25. The most appropriate title for this text could beA. FIuctuatio n of Art PricesB. Up-to-date Art Auctio nsC. Art Mark

26、et in Decli neD. Shifted In terest in ArtsText2I was address ing a small gatheri ng in a suburba n Virg inia liv ing room - a wome n's group that had in vited men to join them. Throughout the eve ning one man had bee n particularly talkative freque ntly offeri ng ideas and an ecdotes while his w

27、ife sat sile ntly beside him on the couch. Toward the end of the eve ning I comme nted that wome n freque ntly compla in that their husba nds don't talk to them. This man quickly con curred. He gestured toward his wife and said "She's the talker in our family." The room burst into

28、laughter; the man looked puzzled and hurt. "It's true" he expla in ed. "Whe n I come home from work I have nothing to say. If she did n't keep the con versati on going we'd spe nd the whole eve ning in sile nee."This episode crystallizes the irony that although Americ

29、a n men tend to talk more tha n wome n in public situati ons they ofte n talk less at home. And this pattern is wreak ing havoc with marriage.The patter n was observed by political scie ntist An drew Hacker in the late '70s. Sociologist Catheri ne Kohler Riessma n reports in her new book "D

30、ivorce Talk" that most of the wome n she in terviewed - but on ly a few of the men -gave lack of com muni catio n as the reas on for their divorces. Give n the curre nt divorce rate of n early 50 perce nt that amounts to milli ons of cases in the Un ited States every year - a virtual epidemic o

31、f failed conv ersati on.In my own research compla ints from wome n about their husba nds most ofte n focused not on tan gible in equities such as hav ing give n up the cha nee for a career to accompa ny a husba nd to his or doing far more tha n their share of daily life-support work like clea ning c

32、ook ing social arran geme nts and erran ds. In stead they focused on com muni cati on: "He does n't liste n to me" "He does n't talk to me." I found as Hacker observed years before that most wives want their husba nds to be first and foremost conv ersatio nal part ners bu

33、t few husba nds share this expectati on of their wives.In short the image that best represe nts the curre nt crisis is the stereotypical carto on sce ne of a man sitt ing at the breakfast table with a n ewspaper held up in front of his face while a woma n glares at the back of it wanting to talk.26.

34、 What is most wives' main expectati on of their husba nds?A. Talki ng to them.B. Trusti ng them.C. Support ing their careers.D. Shsri ng housework.27. Judg ing from the con text ,the phrase“wreaking havoc ”(Line3,Para.2)most probably means.A gen erati ng motivati on.B. exert ing in flue neeC. ca

35、us ing damageDcreat ing pressure28. AII of the followi ng are true EXCEPTA. me n tend to talk more in public tan wome nB. n early 50perce nt of rece nt divorces are caused by failed con versati onC. wome n attach much importa nee to com muni cati on betwee n couples Da female tends to be more talkat

36、ive at home tha n her spouse29. Which of the followi ng can best summarize the mia n idea of this textA. The moral decay ing deserves more research by sociologists .B. Marriage break_up stems from sex in equalities.C. Husba nd and wofe have differe nt expectati ons from their marriage.D. Conv ersati

37、 onal patter ns betwee n man and wife are differe nt.3O.ln the followi ng part immediately after this text,the author will mostprobably focus onA. a vivid acco unt of the new book Divorce TalkB. a detailed descripti on of the stereotypical carto onC. other possible reas ons for a high divorce rate i

38、n the U.S.D a brief in troduct ion to the political scie ntist An drew HackerTxet3over the past decade, many compa nies had perfected the art of creat ing automatic behaviors habits among con sumers. These habits have helped compa nies earn billio ns of dollars whe n customers eat sn acks, apply lot

39、io ns and wipe coun ters almost without thi nking, ofte n in resp onse to a carefully desig ned set of daily cues.“ There are fun dame ntal public health problems, like hand wash ing with soap, that rema in killers only because we can ' t figure out how to cha nge people ' s habits, ” Dr. Cu

40、rtis said.“ We wan ted to lear n from private in dustryhow to create new behaviors that happe n automatically.”The compa nies that Dr. Curtis tur ned to Procter & Gamble,Colgate-Palmolive and Un ilever had in vested hun dreds of millio ns of dollars finding the subtle cues in con sumers ' li

41、ves that corporati ons could use to in troduce new routi nes.If you look hard eno ugh, you 'll find that many of the products we use every day chew ing gums, ski n moisturizers, disi nfecti ng wipes, air freshe ners, water purifiers, health sn acks, an tiperspira nts, colog nes, teeth white ners

42、, fabric softe ners, vitami ns are results of manu factured habits. A cen tury ago, fewpeople regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day. Today, because of canny advertis ing and public health campaig ns, many America ns habitually give their pearly whites a cavity-preve nti ng scrub twice a

43、 day, ofte n with Colgate, Crest or one of the other bran ds.A few decades ago, many people did n ' drink water outside of a meal. Then beverage compa nies started bottli ng the producti on of far-off spri ngs,a nd now office workers unthinkin gly sip bottled water all day long. Chew ing gum, on

44、ce bought primarily by adolesce nt boys, is now featured in commercials as a breath freshe ner and teeth clea nser for use after a meal. Sk in moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals,slipped in betwee n hair brush ing and putt ing on makeup.“ Our products succeed whe n they bec

45、ome part of daily or weekly patter ns, ” said Carol Berning, a con sumer psychologist who rece ntly retired from Procter & Gamble, the compa ny that sold $76 billi on of Tide, Crest and other products last year. “ Creat ing positive habits is a huge part of impro ving our consumers ' lives,

46、and it ' s essential to making new products commercially viable. ”Through experime nts and observati on, social scie ntists like Dr. Berning have lear ned that there is power in tying certa in behaviors to habitual cues through rele ntless advertis ing. As this new scie nee of habit has emerged,

47、 con troversies have erupted whe n the tactics have bee n used to sell questi on able beauty creams or un healthy foods.31. Accord ing to Dr.Curtis,habits like hand wash ing with soap.A should be further cultivatedB should be cha nged graduallyC are deepiy rooted in historyD are basically private co

48、ncerns32. Bottled water,chew ing gun and skin moisturizers are men ti oned inParagraph 5 so as toA reveal their impact on people ' habitsB show the urge nt n eed of daily n ecessitiesC indicate their effect on people' buying powerD ma ni fest the sig nifica nt role of good habits33. which of

49、 the followi ng does NOT bel ong to products that help createpeople ' s habits?A TideB CrestC ColgateD U nilver34. From the text wekonw that some of consumer' s habits are developeddue toA perfected art of productsB automatic behavior creati onC commercial promoti onsD scie ntific experime n

50、ts35. the author ' sattitude toward the in flue nee of advertiseme nt on people s habits isA i ndiffere ntB n egativeC positiveD biasedText4Many America ns regard the jury system as a con crete expressi on of crucial democratic values, in cludi ng the prin ciples that all citize ns who meet mini

51、 mal qualificati ons of age and literacy are equally compete nt to serve on juries; that jurors should be selected ran domly from a represe ntative cross secti on of the com mun ity; that no citize n should be denied the right to serve on a jury on acco unt of race, religi on, sex, or n atio nal ori

52、g in; that defe ndants are en titled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represe nt the con scie nee of the com mun ity and n ot just the letter of the law. The jury is also said to be the best surv iving example of direct rather tha n represe ntative democracy .In a direct democracy,

53、citize ns take turns gover ning themselves, rather tha n elect ing represe ntatives to gover n for them.But as rece ntly as in 1986, jury selecti on procedures con flicted with these democratic ideals. In some states, for example, jury duty was limited to pers ons of supposedly superior in tellige n

54、ee, educati on, and moral character. Although the Supreme Court of the Un ited States had prohibited inten ti onal racial discrimi natio n in jury selectio n as early as the 1880 case of strauder v. West Virgi nia,the practice of select ing so-called elite or blue-ribb on juries provided a convenien

55、t way around this and other an tidiscrim in ati on laws.The system also failed to regularly in clude wome n on juries un til the mid-20th cen tury. Although wome n first served on state juries in Utah in 1898,it was not un til the 1940s that a majority of states made wome n eligible for jury duty. E

56、ve n the n several states automatically exempted wome n from jury duty uni ess they pers on lly asked to have their n ames in cluded on the jury list. This practice was justified by the claim that wome n were n eeded at home, and it kept juries un represe ntative of wome n through the 1960s.In 1968,

57、 the Con gress of the Un ited States passed the Jury Selecti on and Service Act, usheri ng in a new era of democratic reforms for the jury.This law abolished special educati onal requireme nts for federal jurors and required them to be selected at ran dom from a cross secti on of the en tire com mun

58、 ity .In the Ian dmark 1975 decisi on Taylor v. Louisia na, the Supreme Court exte nded the requireme nt that juries be represe ntative of all parts of the com mun ity to the state level. The Taylor decisi on also declared sex discrimi natio n in jury selecti on to be uncon stituti onal and ordered states to use the same procedures for selecti ng male and female jurors.36. From the prin ciples of the