新概念英语第一册101-110课自学笔记(很全、很好)

1、lesson 101write wrote writte n1. read jimmy ' s card to me , penny.read后面接了两个宾语，一个是 jimmy' scardr个是me,所以，这句话还可以这样来说：read me jimmy ' s card please.2直接引语和间接引语“i have just arrived in scotia nd and i' m stayi ng at a youth" hostel这是一个直接引语 的例子。直接引语是英文中用书面语的形式来表示口语的方式，实际的话要放在引 号之间，句尾的

2、标点符号也要放在引号之内。下面三句都属于间接引语：he says he ' s just arrived in scotlandhe says he ' s staying at a youth hostel.he says he ' ii write a letter soon.3. the 丫. h a 二the youth hostels association青年招待所协会。简称 “青招协”。the youth hostel是一种为参加野外探险度假活动的青年人提供廉价 住宿的招待所。这种青年招待所实行会员制，首先要加入“青招协”才有资格享受这种待遇。在组织机构的

3、前而，我们通常要加上定冠词the,例如：the united nationsthe international olympic committee联合国国际奥委会4 .speak up,大声地说。还可以这样说：louder, please.5hear 和 listentohear听见，听到强调的是结果i ' m afraid i can ' t hear you.listen to 听强调的是动作listen to me, please6下列从句中，都省略了thatohe says he' s just arrived in scotia nd he says he&#

4、39; s staying at a youth hostel. he says he, ii write a letter soon.you know he' s a member of the y.h.a.i ' m afraildcan ' t hear yo.ui hope you are all well .he hopes we are all well 7 dove, jimmy 爱你的吉米。yours , jimmy 你的，吉米。这是朋友间通信时常用的结束语。8. he doesn ' t say very much,does h 遴是一个反意疑

5、问句它的回答如下：no, he doesn '翩勺t.,他没有写多少。yes, he does.不，他写了很多。she went to paris last month,didn' t she?yes, she did.是的，他去巴黎了。no , she didn '不t，他没有去。这是英文中的反意疑问句，它是由两部分组成的，前面是一个陈述句，逗号之后是一个简略问句。反 意疑问句可以用来确认自己的判断，获取真实的信息，还可以用来表示惊讶、愤怒等感情。如果前一部第1页共23页分陈述句是肯定形式，简略问句就要用否定形式；如果前一部分是否定形式，后一部分则用肯定形式。9. h

6、e can ' t write very much on a cardi write to my family regularly.write to 给某人写信the teacher wrote the answers on the blackboard .10. 本课基本句型：（都省略that）i ' m afraid he says he hopes i ' m afraidl can ' t hear yo.uhe says he' ii write a letter soon.he hopes we are all well "反意疑问

7、句肯定式，+ 否定式？否定式，+肯定式？be 动谁sthe pen is yours, isn itpit is.no, it isn't.yes, ithat was a wonderful night, wasn'tit?yes, it was.no, it wasn ' t.you aren 为teacher ,are you? am .no, i ' m not.一般动槪slucy likes english ,doesn 曲e?、it does.no, it doesn' t.yes, tom is skating, isn hte?yes,

8、he is.no, he isn 't.su don'sttudy chinese, do you? ve do.no, we don ' t.情态 动诞syour brother can swim, can 'hte?he can.no, he can ' t.yes, fthe workers had to take the first bus, didn thtey?yes, they did.no, they didn' t.your brother can 'h/vim, can he? e can.no, he can 

9、9; t.现在 完成 时tom has lived here for many years, hasn te?iyes, he hasno, he has ' t.ie hasn teen to the great wall, has he? yes, he has.no, he has 't.12 直接引语和间接引语当我们引用别人的话吋，我们可以用别人的原话，也可以用自己的话把别人的意思转述出来。当直接引用的句子为不同类型时，间接引用的句式变化很当我们引用别人说话时，若引用的是原话，被引用的部分做直接引语。当我们要引用别人的话语时，可以用自己的话把别人的意思转述出来，被引用的

10、部分做间接引语。直接引语间接引语she said,u i like english very muchshe said she liked english very muchmike asked," when will our plane land ?'(1) 只须将原话放在引号之中，不做任何动(2) 没有时态呼的问题(:(3) 引用原话前可以用，匚也可以用：代(3(4) 原话的末尾，按其类别放一个句号或号mik6 asketj vvitsn tnerr pisnwoutu ianu .1) 不要逗号、冒号、引号。2) 要考虑到称的变化。)要考虑到态的变化。(4)要考虑副间状

11、语、地点状语和拒伺的变化。等。he said,t ' m sleep.yhs said that he was sleepy.she said,“your younger brother broke it”she said that my younger brother had broken it”he said/' i have lived in beijing since 1950he said that he had lived in beijing since 195013 宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中做主句的宾语。连接宾语从句的有从属连词连接衢瑚卿罢词这第2m 23页三

12、类词在句中的功能各异，请看耒注率 宾语从句中的语序词类在句中的功能举例中文軽例乍i从属连词that在句中不担任成分，可省that一般不relieve th<at this house is for sale.略。whether , if在句中也 不担任成whether是否we don'tknow if / whether our teaches will连接代词分，但都不能省略。除了在句中起连接作用外，还 从句中担任成分，做主语、宾 语、定语。if是否attend the-class meeting.wrto® i know wro ulu u io yuou ueec

13、l|_jwhom谁（宾格）whose谁的（所有格）连接副词除了在句中起连接作用外，b 从句中担任成分，做状语。what什么，所.的you must takewhat vou said.which哪个he asked iriawhich shirt i liked best.when什么时imant to know when the planeuwill take off.where什么地方he asked me where he would arrivehow 怎样，如何 please tell me how i can get therewhy为什么， 的原 our teacher aske

14、d me why i was late.因，之所以saysxs wesson 10 鬻爲knowsheneeds .hopeswants is afraidcan is sorrymust is surewill . 1 .tiredwhat does he say?he says he feels tired2. thirstywhat do they say?they say they are thirsty.3. a headachewhafs the matter with her?she says she *s got a headache.4. an earachewhafs th

15、e matter with her?she says she has an earache5. a lice neewhat does she need?she says she n eeds a lice nee.6. some moneywhat do they want?they say they want some money.7. catchwhat must he do ?he says he must catch the bus.8. repairwhat can he do?he says he can repair this bus9. sellwhat will he do

16、?he says he will sell the houselesson 1031 .how was the exam,richard?这句话还可以这槐how did the exam go?rpriti2. not too bad. 不算太坏pretty good还不锚etty3think i passed in english and mathematics我想我的英语和数学及格了。如果说通过某一个考试,用动pass；如果说通过某一科目，则用 pass in。fail不及格pass / fail the english paper / test / exam4. paper这个词当“试卷

17、”讲时，是可数名词。the english and maths papers ,英文和数学卷子。paper当“抵”讲时，是不可数名词。a piece of paper.paper 还可以当“论文”讲。have you finished your paper ?5 .how about？ 怎么样相当于我们前面学过的what about. . . ?用于征求他人意见或询问滝what about you?how about going to france for our next holiday?6 .easy enough for me,是指对我来说不难，我可以完成和通过。 而too diffic

18、ult for me是指对我来说太难了，无法完成和通过。“for”对于某人来说。the house isnfor us.形容词+enough to do sth. 十分（足够）she's olednough to make her own decisionshe is rich eno ugh to buy a plane enough如果修饰形容词或副词，它必须放在形容词或副词的后面，例如而例。enough还可以做形容词来修饰名词，则放在名词的前面、后面郁以。i have money e no ugh to buy a dictio nary.i haven7. but i coul

19、dn' t answer the rest.the rest of the queations.8. they were too difficult for metoo 过于too+for sb / sth +to do 对于某人（某物）来说，太 以至不能 this pair of shoes are too small for me the question is too difficult us to answer .too +形容词/副词+ to do 太，（以至于）不能（做）he is too young to go to school .9. french tests are

20、 awful,aren' t they?awful可以形容人或物，表示“很可怕：'很糟糕：'很讨厌hate在口语中常用来表示非常强烈的语骯i hate them.i hate traffic jams.我很讨壤i hate telling lies.我讨扌10'm surb ive god low mark. a high mark i ' m surel ve donebadly / well.11.cheer up,振作起来。可以用来鼓励你的同学、朋友或同事等。12perhaps we didntoo badly那么糟糕。13.the guy nex

21、t to me wrote his name at the top of the paper. guy 口语中常用，相当于person。the person beside meat the top of 在顶端、在上方at the bottom of 在末端、在底端14文中的yes?相当于and then? 意思是：然后呢？然后怎么了？15.then he sat there and looked at it for three hours for three hours 连续三个力、时。16 本课基本句型i could answer the questionsthey were very e

22、asy.i couldn ' answer the questions.they were too difficult.the question were easy eno ugh for me to an swer.the question were too difficult for me to answer. 17 名词例词(1) 名词的种类分类专有指人、地方、团体、机表示人名名词构等特有的名称。它的 第一个字母必须大写。专有名词前一般不加冠词cli bai李白lu xun 鲁迅mr. dick迪克先/chairman hu 胡主席普通名词指一类人或东西或一个 抽象的名称。的专有

23、可数 名词名词个休名词china 中 国 chang an street k：安街1 london 伦敦 zhong shan park 中山公园 the united states of america 美国颐和园student teacher集合名词the summer palace表示某类人或事物中的个体表示若干个体组成的carfamilyteampandapolice armycrowdgroup不可 数名 词抽象名词表不动作、状态、品 质、感情等抽象的la 念犬示无法分为个体的 物质或实物peoplemusic cold lovepower （威力）restrain wood(2)

24、单数可数名词如果我们要表示一本书，一只鸟，一棵树等概念时，要用名词的单数形式。表示名词的单数，要在名 词前加不定冠词a或an。例如i： a bird an eggthis is a desk.there is an orange on the table.a和an £彳吏用区别以辅咅开头的名词前a bookpennew oranqean以元音开头的名词前an applean old desk an orange(3) 复数可数名词h则变化1在一般情况下，词尾后加 -s在清辅音后读sbookbookscupcups在浊辅音和元音后读zbedbeds其它boys horses pages

25、2以s、x、ch、sh结尾的词， 加-es,读作izbus buses box boxesdish dishes watch watches 3以f或fe结尾的词，先将f 或fe变成v,再加-es,读作vzhalf halves wife wives4以o结尾的词，词尾加 es或s,都读zhero heroespotato potatoestomato tomatoeszoo zoospiano pianos photo photos 5以辅音字母加y结尾的词， 先将y改为i再加es,读izcity cities family families!6以元音字母加y结尾的词， 直接加s,读zday

26、 daysboy boys7以th结尾的词，在词尾加 s也读,加上$读 th读,加上$读mouth mouths path pathsmonth month不规则变化不规则变化例词1元音发生变化man me nwoma nwome nfoot feet tooth teeth mouse micegoose geese 2词尾发生变化child children3单、复数形式不变fish sheep deer chin ese japa nese4有些名词只有复数形式clothes 衣服trousers 裤子 glasses 眼睛等 your trousers are over there合成

27、名词变为复数时变化例词1把第一个或最后一个词变 成复数highway highways girl friend son-in-law sons-in-law 女婿girl friends2把构成合成名词的两个词 都要变为复数man doctor men doctorswoman teacher women teachers(4)名词的用法名词在句中可以担任除谓语外的任何成分，即主语、表语、宾语、状语、宾补、定语等例句说明1china is a great country.名词作主语2i ' m a student.名词作表语3all of us love peace.名词作动词宾语4t

28、hey are listening to music.名词作介词宾语5you should study english step by step名词作状语6the party lasted two hours名词作状语7our school named our class lei feng class.名词作宾补8this is our teachers' office.名词所有格作定语9ten minutes ' walk isn ' t long.名词所有格作定语lesson 104i could answer the questions.they were ver

29、y easy.i couldn't answer the questions.they were too difficult.the questions were easy enough for me to answer. the questions were too difficult for me to answer1. cleveranswer all the questions could he answer all the questions?yes, he couldhe was clever eno ugh to an swer them.2. stupid answer

30、 all the questionscould he answer all the questions?no, he couldn' t.he was too stupid to answer them.3. cheapbuy the carwhy could he buy the car?because it was very cheap.4. expensive buy the carwhy couldn ' he buy the car?because it was too expensive5oud hear the stereowhy could they hear

31、the stereo?because it was very loud6owhear the stereowhy couldn j thtey hear the stereo?because it was too low.7. sweeteat the orangecould she eat the orange?yes,she couldit was sweet enough for her to eat.8. sour eat the orangecould she eat the orange?no, she couldn' t.it was too sour for her t

32、o eat.less on 105spell spelt spelt want her.i want to see / speak to her.2.do you want to speak to her?在这句话中，to speak是动词want的宾语，而这结构一动词原形前在英文中被称劾词不定式。本课用动词不定式作宾语的例句还有：1 want her to come to my office ；tell her to come at once；did you want to see me；1 want you to type it again 等。3.want的三种用法:want sb. /

33、 sth.i want her.want to do sth.do you want to speak to her?want sb. to do sth.i want her to come to my office.4.tell her to come at once.tell sb. to do sth.它的否定式是：tell sb. （not） to do sth.5. can you tell me?完整意思是： can you tell me how to spell 'intelligent '?6. full of 充前了 othis letter full o

34、fe mistakes.the room is full of smoke.her eyes were full of tears.7'm sorry about that. be sorry about sth.sorry后而还可以跟从句。例如:rrmiyi mmde so many mistakes.8 .and here's a little present for you 。这轴d表示承上启下，使上下文紧密联系，彗是因此”讲。既可以修饰数名词，也 可以修饰可数名词。主 要用于肯定句中。lot ofts ofplenty ofch 可数名词之前 ”孑否定句或疑问句申man

35、y不可数名词之前丿9.many,much,a few, few, a little,little 發辛析:many （多数）只能和复数可数名词垠at the party 1 didnhntakmyo/deople.much （多量）只能和不可数名词題how much money do you have?a few （肯定） few（否定）用于可数名词but we have a few small differences,too.（有区别）we have few differences（没区别）alittle （肯定）little （否定）用于不可数名词they were all very bi

36、g and strong , and we felt a little afraid of them. although they were all very big and strong ,we felt little afraid of them.例如i： we have n't gotmuch tea or coffte.we haven ' t gntany tomatoeswe have got a lot of potatoes10.1 hope it tl help you.如果指出有所帮助的具体方面，我们可以用“with”这个词。i hope itii hei/

37、vyiothu your spelling.i often help my mum with the cleaning."动词不定式基本句型 基本句型 基本句型 基本句型1: i want to go.2： he wants to go.3： i wanted to go.4： they were asked to go.（他们被要求去）基本1是动词不定式的典型用法，它有两个表示动作的词语：一个是want,另外一个是togoowant是这个句子的主要动词，它会随着主语的人称、数和时态而变化。to go不管主语的数、人称和时态如何变化，它抵+动词原”的形式，to go就是不定 式。在基

38、本2、3、4中，主语、时态、语态有变化，但定式to go不受影响，呈:无变化。动词不定式的基本形式是 “to+动词原”，有时可以不搭。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能做谓语；国以裡除谓语外的任何 主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语綿动词不定式可以在句中扭 名词、形容词、副 的作用。动词不定式仍保留动词的特点，即它可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式和它的宾语或状语磁不定式短语。例如:l_wantto readthebook.（我想读这本书）主语谓语不定式read的宾语hewantsto speakat the meeting.（他想在会议上发言）主语谓语不定式speak的状语不定式前的

39、to与做介词to的区别：不定式前而的to （也称作小品词）和做介词的to是有差别的。介词to之后要跟 名词、代词的宾格或相当于名词的词短语 做它的宾语。而不定式to之后要跟 动词原owant to read（不定式的小品词）to read the book.（不定式的小品词）listen to me. （介词 to）12 本课基本句型动词不定式i want you / him / her / them to tell him / her/them to i want her to come to my office tell her to come to my office.i don/t w

40、ant you / him / her / them to tell him / her/them not to i don ' t want hteortype this letter again.tell her not to type this letter again.less on 106 i want you / him / her / them totell him / her / them tocarry itwhat do you want me to do?i want you to carry it.2.correct itwhat do you want me

41、to do?i want you to correct it.3.listen to itwhy is the boy putting a record on?because hewants them to listen to it.4. move itthe policeman is talking to the man and the woman.he5 s tellingthem to move it.5. try itthe woman is taking a cake to the man.she is telling him to try it.6. keep itwhat doe

42、s the man tell the woman?he tells her to keep it.7. hurt yourselfwhat did she tell him?she told him not to hurt himself.8. fallwhat did she tell him?she told him not to fall.9. break itwhat did she tell him?she told him not to break it.10. cut yourselfwhat did she tell him?she told him not to cut yo

43、urself.lesson 107 it js too small1do you like this dress ,madam?madam,是对妇女的一种尊称，服务行业的人员常用此称呼iw，对于不知姓名的女士也可以用此来表示尊重。这个单词也可狒ma'am .2.in fashion 流行的short skirts are in fashion now.they were in fashion last year.these shoes arein fashion now.3.would you like to try it?try it ontry在本句中的意思是“试穿我们述可以用“t

44、ry on”来表不“试穿 代词放在on的前面try on the dress名词放在on的后而4. would you like 你愿意删来表示委婉的请求或提议would you like to go swimming?would you like a glass of water?（后面还可以跟一个名词性的词组5.i ' m afraid this green dress is too small for me as well, as well = tootoo small for me 对我来说太小了6 .it's smaller than the blue one.它比那

45、套蓝色的小一些。(1)i think the blue dress is prettier .构成法原级比较级最高级一般单音词缱部分fast双音词组在词尾加-er（比较级）和est 1级）快adj.& advfastcr(the：fastestgreat 巨大的asj：greaterthe greatestnear附血的adjrsradv:tall高的adinearertauerreareslthe tallest以不发音的e结尾的单音和少数以le结尾的e母卄丹円目-hrt,/ lpable 有能力的adj.ablerthe ablestinrge ahjadj.largerlarge

46、stxxrm 杲仕诃屋那 -r etc较级）和-st （最高级）"辅音字母”结尾的busylate 晚的adj& adv.later(the) latestnice 好的adj.nicerthe nicest忙的adj.busit)rthe 1:busiest在英文中，我们把一个人或物与另一个人或物进行比较时，就要用形容词的比较级。双音词，将词尾的yadj.& adv. earlier adj.easier(the) earliest the easiestearly 早 改询再加-er和est. easy容易的第13m 23页重读闭音节词，只以一个辅音字母结尾时，要

47、双写该辅音字母，再加£和duj.uiyytjrth & biggesthot热的adj.hotterthe hottestest.部分双音节和多音节词，在前面加more和thethin细、瘦adj.thinnerthe thinnestoeauiitui 淙兄h、jaaj.more beautifulthe most beautifulimportant重要的adi.more importantthe most importantmost构成比较级和最高quickly快丄日adv.more quicky(the) most quicklysiowiyadv.more slow

48、l7"(the) most slowly(2)不规则变化比较级-取髙级good 好的adj.better (the) best well好的adj. & adv.bad坏的adj.worse (the) worst ill病的adj.badly 坏adv.many 多adj. & adv.more (the) most much 多adj &adv.far远adj.& adv.farther (the) farthest further (the) furthest littleadj.& adv.less (the)least old老的ad

49、j.older the oldest elder the eldest late 迟的，晩的 adj.later the latest latter the last 7.1 don ' t like the coloeuitrher. either 用在否定句中，表示 “也”。i don ' t like the colouars well either与too的用法比较：too般用于肯定句，通常放在句末，前面有逗号，否定句中用either.you are a student. i am a student,too.you aren ' t a teacher. i

50、am not a teacher,either.his elder sister studies english.1 study it,too.he doesn ' t like swimmingdon' t like it,either.8t doesn su it tme at all.suit “适合”，at all用在否定句中，表示强调。the color doesn go' altong with / fit you. go along with / fit 意思和 suit 相同the job suits him.9. could you show me a

51、nother blue dress?could you？用在表示请求，比 can you.？更婉转客气。例：could you tell me the way to the post office?请你告诉我去邮局怎么走好吗？could you pass me that book?第14页共23页10want a dress like that one 和那件一样的衣服11.but it must be my size.the large size 大号the small size 小号12 .this is the largest dress in the shop.这是店里最大的一件衣服。

52、句中使用了形容词的最高级，它是在形容词原级后面加上-est,在最高级形容词之前要加定冠词最高级用在将一个人或物与其他一个以上的人或物作比较时。the。13 本课基本句型the blue dress is small the green dress issmaller than the blue onethe green dress isthe smallest dress in the shop. of them all.i ? ve ever seen.都限制了一定的范围less on 108 how do they compare?1. talltaller tallestsophie is tall paul is taller than sophie.hans is the tallest students in our class2. hot hotter hottestit is hot tod a y.it was hotter yesterday.the day before yester