2020-2021年代词高考真题解析

1、2020-2021 年代词高考真题解析一、单项选择代词1 While e-book sales this year have declined, it is still important for us to remember that the figures are still higher than five years ago.A one B thatC those D they【答案】 C【解析】句意：尽管今年电子书的销量已经下降，但是对于我们来说记住数字仍然高于五年前的销售量仍然很重要。这里用代词 those 指代上文出现过的可数名词复数figures ，故选C。【名师点睛】代词 t

2、hat 和 those 用法：一、代词 that 的用法 ：代词 that 的指代为特指，并且我们通常归纳为 “同物异指” ，即代词 that 指代的物体与前文中的物体是同样的名称，但是有不同的内涵，另外代词 that 可以 指代前文中的不可数名词，The climate of Jilin is not so mild as that of Jiangsu. 吉林的气候不如江苏温和。代词 that 指代前文中 climate ，同样都是climate ，前文中为吉林的气候，而后文中 that 所指代的气候是江苏的气候，名称相同但内涵不一样，这就是所谓的 “同物异指” 。此处代词that 指代的

3、 climate 即为不可数名词。代tthat与one的区别：that 指代可数名词单数或者不可数名词，为特指， that 代替可数名词单数时等同于the one 。 one 指代可数名词单数，为泛指。The weather in Beijing in winter is colder than that of Shanghai. 北京的天气比上海的天气要冷。As they are retired ， Mr. and Mrs. Scot prefer a house in the country to one in a large city. 因为他们退休了，司各特先生和太太宁愿要一座农村里的

4、房子也不愿要一座大城市里的房子。二、代词 those 的用法that 可代替不可数名词，也可代替可数名词单数，代替可数名词单数时等同于the one ，表示特指意义; those 只能代替可数名词复数，等同于the ones 。The days in summer are longer than those in winter. 夏天要比冬天长一些。此句中代词those 指代前文中的复数the days 。Despite the negative image of nuclear energy, actually its public safety risks are no greater t

5、han those of fossil fuels.代词 those 指代前文中的 public safety risks ，指代前文中的复数名词用 those 符合题意，句子意思为：尽管核能的形象比较负面，但是实际上核能的公共安全危害性还不如矿物燃料的公共安全危害性大。2. The Olympic Games makes possible for people to live side by side in peace.【答案】B【解析】本题的含义是奥运会使人们能够和平的生活在一起成为可能，本题make后的真正宾语位于句尾用动词不定式，那么在英文中通常用形式宾语it来代替真正的主语，故本题选

6、Bo3. 一 You seem busy these days.Yes. I ' m writing a story. You know, it' s really not easy to write with attractive plots.A. thisB. itC. oneD. that【答案】C【解析】句意：你近些天看起来很忙。是的，我在写故事，你知道，写一个有吸引力的情节的故事不容易。.it/one /that三者均可用作代词，指代前面提到的名词.一般说来，it指代同名同物；one与that则指代同名异物.one与that虽可用来指代同名异物，但one为泛指，相当于

7、a/an十名词；that为特指，相当于the +名词.所以one所指代的名词的修饰语一般为a/an /some /any; that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the /this /that。前面提到是a story,故选择Co考点：考查it,one,that用法区别4. Jack Ma, the founder and chairman of China' s A hbaba $Gro6pbillion fortune,making him the richest person in China.A. itB. oneC. thatD. which【答案】B【解析】【详解】试题分析：考

8、查代词。句意：中国阿里巴巴集团创始人兼董事长马云拥有286亿美元的财富，这使他成为中国首富。分析句子结构可知，此处用 one代替前面的a $28.6 billionfortune ,实际上是它的同位语，后面的 making him the richest person in China.是现在分词作后置定语修饰one,注意此处不是非限定性定语从句，如果是非限定定语从句的话应该用makes而不是 making ,所以不能选 which ,故选B。考点：考查代词5. It ' s no use about it. You can' t do anything to change i

9、t.A. worriedB. to worryC. worryingD. worry【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：担心它没用，你做什么多改变不了它。It ' s no usteing sth.做某事没用。故选Co考点：考查固定句式。6 Everyone may depend on won t happen again with these reassuring measures.A it that itB that itC thatD it【答案】 A【解析】试题分析：句意：每个人都可以相信，有了这些可靠的措施这种事不会再发生了。句中第一个 it 是形式宾语， that 引导宾语从

10、句后面是真正的宾语。故选 A.考点：考查宾语从句。7 Don t _that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.A take as grantedB take this for grantedC take that for grantedD take it for granted【答案】 D【解析】试题分析：考查固定搭配和 it 用法。动词短语 take sth for granted 认为.理所当然；排除A项。在英语中只有it 可以作为形式宾语，

11、本句中 it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的从句that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.句意：不要想当然地认为入学考试成绩好的那些人就会是最成功的。故D 正确。考点：考查固定搭配和 it 用法8 . -of us think the English examination was difficult.could pass it.But I still don t think8 None, anybodyD None, everybodynobo

12、dy ， no 通常表示全部否定；否定词和 我们中没有一个人认为这次英语测试难。D 正确。A All, everybodyC All, anybody【答案】 D【解析】试题分析：考查部分否定和全部否定。 noneall， every ， each 连用，表示部分否定。句意： 但是我仍然不是所有人都能通过这次考试。故【名师点睛】 英语中的部分否定(即不完全否定)有如下一些表示方法：一、all的否定式：not all (或：allnOt表示"并非都> "不是所有的都 例如:Not all men can be masters. (=" All" me

13、n cannot be masters.) 并非人人都能当头头。Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所有的竹子都会长得很高。二、both的否定式：not both段：bothnot)，并非两个 都'例如：I don't want both the books. 我不是两本书都要。Both (the) windows are not open. 两扇窗子并不都开着。三、every 的否定式："不是每都例如：Not every book is educative. ( 或： Every book is not educative.) 不是每本书都有教

14、育意义的。Not everyone likes this book. 并非人人都喜欢这本书。This flower is not seen everywhere. 这花并不是随处可见的。四、always的否定式："并非总是(并非一直)'例如：He is not always so sad. 他并不是一直都这样悲伤。五、entirely, altogether, completely 和quite的否定式，"不完全心"并非完全'例如:The businessman is never to be entirely trusted. 不可以完全信任商人。

15、He felt not altogether satisfied. 他并不完全满意。I don't agree completely. 我并不完全同意。What he did was not quite proper. 他做的不十分妥当。六、all the time的否定式：”并非一直 ! "未必老是 "例如： A foolish man doesn't make a mistake all the time. 笨人未必老是犯错误。七、notand的否定式，被否定的往往是 and后面的那一部分。例如： He did not speak clearly and

16、 correctly. 他讲得清楚但不正确?This film is not interesting and instructive. 这部电影有趣但无教育意义。She cannot sing and dance. 她会唱歌但不会跳舞。如果将 and 换成 or ， not 对其后面的两部分就全盘否定了。He did not speak clearly or correctly. 他讲的既不清楚也不正确。如要对上述的 all, both, every, always, 以及entirely, altogether, completely, quite 和 all the time 等词作完全否

17、定，那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词，如 no, none, neither, no one, never, not (never)等j at allAll of them can do it.- None of them can do it.Both are good.-Neither is good.Everybody likes it. -Nobody likes it.He is always late. - He is never late.We don't trust them entirely. - We never trust them at all.He was he

18、re all the time. - He was never here.考点：考查部分否定和全部否定9 To their great surprise, they found in the meeting.A they were not understandingB themselves not understoodC they had not understoodD themselves not understanding【答案】 B【解析】B 考查语态。这里oneself 和后面的动词是被动关系，所以应该用过去分词。 find oneselfdone发现自己被；故选Bo10 -Have

19、you heard about Apple iPhone 6s?-Sure It is a hit these days I am thinking about getting A oneB themC. thatD. it【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查代词用法。one是泛指，同名异物，相当于 a/an +名词；that是特指，同名异物，相当于the +名词；it同名同物。句意： 一一你听说过苹果6s吗？一一当然了，这 些日子非常流行。我正考虑买一个呢。one在这里相当于 an Apple iPhone 4,所以选A。考点：考查代词用法11. Which driver was to blam

20、e?-Why,! It was the child fault. He) suddenly came out between two parked cars.A. neitherB. eachC. eitherD. both【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查不定代词。问句问的是是哪一个司机的错”，答语中后面一句说很明显是那个孩子的错”，所以两个司机都没有责任，选 neither,表示 两者之中任何一个都没有 【知识拓展】neither两者都不；both两个都；either两者之一；none三者或三者以上没有。考点：考查不定代词12. The exam was easy, wasn't i

21、t?Yes, but I don't think could pass it.A. somebodyB. anybodyC. nobodyD. everybody【答案】D【解析】everybody同表否定意义的词连用时，表达的是部分否定的意义。下句意同考试是容易。但是我想并非每个人都能通过”。13. He is a strict but kind teacher,is always trying to make his classes and interesting.A. one ; livingB. one who; livelyC. he ; lovelyD. he who; l

22、ive【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查代词，形容词和定语从句。句意：他是严格但善良的人，一个总是让课堂生动有趣的人。A. living活着的；B. lively生动的；C. lovely可爱的；D. live现场直播的。一空填 one代替ateacher,且为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词为who。第二空填lively生动的"，符合句意。故选Bo14. -Do you know the 3G mobile phone will come into the market soon?-Really? It is said to be superior any other m

23、odel. I can t wait to buy A to ; oneB than; oneC to ; itD than; it【答案】 A【解析】短语搭配be superior to比高级；one相当于a phone。你知道吗3G手机很快会进入市场”“真的吗？据说比其他类型的手机高级我迫不及待的想买一部” 。选 A15. The foreign Minister said“ that the two sides will work towards peaceA It is no doubtB There is our hopeC There is no wonderD It is our

24、 hope【答案】 D【解析】考查 it 作形式主语。句意：外交部长说： “我们的希望是双方朝着和平的方向发展”。 通过分析句子结构，可知引号中的句子把主语从句放在句末，故前面需要it 作形式主语，构成it + 系动词 + 名词 + that 从句结构。故选 D.16. “ Made in China 2025” aims to transform China from a pr-omdaukcitng factory into aproduct-making power, driven by innovation and emphasizing quality overquantity.A

25、the one thatB one thatC oneD the one【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查代词的用法。句意：“ 2025中国制造” 的目标是把中国从一个产品制造工厂变成一个产品制造大国，一个以创新为导向、强调质量而不是数量的大国。 one 表示泛指，相当于“a(an)+词”，代替的是同类事物中的个"；that表示特指，相当于 “the名词”；代词one=a/ an +n ，此处 one=a product-making power ；而 driven by innovation andemphasizes quality over quantity 中 driven b

26、y 只是个斗£谓语短语 ( be driven by 被马区使) 作定语，因此不需要连词引导。所以排除A、Bo one表示泛指，相当于“the+i词”可以排除Do故选Co17. Is there anything else I can do for you, Jeff? No. Thanks. I really appreciate when you lent all your notes to me before the exam.A oneB itC thatD this【答案】 B【解析】还有什么我可以帮你的吗，杰夫？不，谢谢了。你在考试考查 it 的用法。句意：前将所有的笔记

27、借给我让我真的很感激。appreciate, like, dislike, hate, enjoy后不能直接跟从句，如果其后有从句时，需用 it作形式宾语，然后再接真正的宾语从句。18. I prefer a flat in Inverness to in Perth, because I want to live near my Mom' s.A. oneB. thatC. itD. this【答案】A【解析】one作为代词时，经常替代有修饰成分的名词单数或前面有不定冠词的名词；that替代有后置定语且有定冠词的名词单数；it指代同一事物；this指代较近的事物。故本题选择 A项。1

28、9. Although we produce carbon when we breathe, the carbon we produce is much less than produced by a car.A. it B. the one C. what D. that【答案】D【解析】 考查代词辨析。句意：尽管我们呼吸时产生二氧化碳，但我们产生的二氧化碳比 汽车产生的少得多。that指代此前面的不可数名词carbon。指代前面的不可数名词，要用that,而it是指同类同物，the one,其中的one指代可数名词的单数， what是什么"，不能 指代前面的不可数名词，因此选 D

29、项。20. I got them a grand piano because they like when I come home and play for them .A. one B. itC. this D. that【答案】B【解析】考查it的用法。我给他们买来一架大钢琴，因为他们喜欢我回家的时候为他们演 奏。此处it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面 when引导的宾语从句。故选 B。【名师点睛】英语中有些动词像like/dislike/hate/appreciate等后面的宾语从句通常用it做形式宾语，再跟 when/if 等引导的宾语从句。I hate it when talk wit

30、h their mouth full of food.本题就是考查it的这种用法。我给他们买来一架大钢琴，因为他们喜欢我回家的时候为他们演奏。此处 it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面when引导的宾语从句。故选 B。21. Clothing made of man-made fibers has certain advantages over made of naturalfibers like cotton, wool or silk.A. the onesB. oneC. thatD. what【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查彳t词：句意：-人造纤维的衣服比天然纤维象：棉花，羊毛或丝绸制作的

31、衣服有一定的好处。这里填的代词是泛指不可数名词 Clothing ，用 that 是特指可数名词单数或不可数名词，而且后面还有后置定语， one 是泛指前面的可数名词单数， the ones 特指前面的可数名词复数， what 可以引导名词性从句， 选C。考点：考查代词点评：代词首先要弄清它指代的是什么，指代的数量，指代可数名词单数还是不可数名词，泛指还是特指，结合句意和代词本身的用法，再进行辨析。22 in the regulations that you shouldn t tell other people the passw-moradilof your eaccount.A As i

32、s requiredB It is requiredC It requiresD What is required【答案】 B【解析】【详解】考查主语从句。句意：根据规定，你不应该告诉别人你电子邮件账户的密码。固定句式：It is required that- “据要求，根据规定 ”， it 在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面that 引导的主语从句。故选 B。23 I dislike when Jim said the UN was not a worthy organization, bringingeveryone closer together.A one; one B it; one

33、C one; which D it; which【答案】 B【解析】【详解】考查代词。句意：我不喜欢吉姆说联合国不是一个值得敬重的组织，一个让每个人更加亲密的组织。第一空用 it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语为 when Jim said the UN was not a worthy organization；第二空用代词 one,代指前面的名词organization。故选B。【点睛】当 hate/enjoy/like/love/prefer/appreciate/dislike 等表示情绪的动词后接when 或 if 从句时，通常要用 it 作形式宾语。24 Don t take for gr

34、antedthat he will keep his promise.A oneB itC thisD that【答案】 B【解析】【详解】take sth. for granted考查 it 作形式宾语。句意：不要想当然地认为他会信守诺言。句中的that he will为固定搭配，意为 把想当然”。本句中的take缺少宾语，分析句子可知,keep his promise 是其宾语，因此可以用 it 作形式主语，而真正的宾语是后面的 that 从句。故选 B。25 Is true that the meeting will be held next week?A thatB heC thisD

35、 it【答案】 D【解析】【详解】考查 it 用法。句意：会议将于下周举行，这是真的吗?此处it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句。故选D。26 Which of the following sentences is WRONG?A There is no point in arguing with him further.B. There is no need to worry about your son -he' s fine.C There is no doubt that we will finish all the work in two days.D Th

36、ere is a wonder that he remained alive after dropping form the tall building.【答案】 D【解析】【详解】考查主语从句。句意：下列哪句话是错的。分析句子可知， D 选项错误，正确的应该为： It is a wonder that he remained alive after dropping form the tall building 。其中 it 作形式主语， 真正的主语为 that 引导的从句。故D 选项正确。27 is known to us all that the old scientist, for l

37、ife was hard in the past, stillworks hard in his eighties.A As; whoseB It; whoC As; whomD It; whom【答案】 D【解析】【详解】考查主语从句和定语从句。句意：众所周知，这位年老的科学家，过去他的生活很艰难，在他八十多岁时仍然努力工作。 It is known to us all that 是个固定句型，意思是 “众所周知”，这里 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，如果用 as 的话， as isknown to us all 后面要用逗号与后面的句子隔开，没有that ；第二空中句子包含一个 “介词 +关系代词 ”引导的定语从句，指人，