2019高考英语一轮达标Unit3Computers练题(含解析)新人教版必修2

1、Un it 3 Computers李仕才一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。（2018 福州市高三毕业班适应性练习）No human has set foot on the Moon since 1972.Now， after more than four decadesof in activity， in terest i n putt ing huma ns back on the Moon is fin ally heat ing upaga in .But who will get there first?CHINAOn 14 Dece

2、mber 2013， China successfullyIanded its Jade Rabbit rover（探测车）onthe Moon.lt is now working on its next exploration mission.Named Change 4， themissi on is scheduled to touch dow n in the Aitke n Bas in n ear the end of 2018 .If successful ， it willbe the first landing on the Moons far side.RUSSIARuss

3、ia plans a manned Moonlanding in 2030.It is currentlyworking on a projectwhose idea is that the Ianders will explore the south pole of the Moon，exploringfor resources such as mi nerals and water ice to be used to provide for a huma n outpost（前哨站）.INDIAFollowing the success of its Chandrayaan-1 in 20

4、08, India announced a follow-on missi on. Chandrayaa n-2 was meant to cooperate withRussia.But whe n the Russia nsfailed to deliver the promised Iander in 2013, India decided to go italon e.Cha ndrayaa n-2 is about to be sent up in 2018.USAIn December 2018, NASAplans to send up the ExplorationMissio

5、n 1, an uncrewedtest of their Orion astronaut capsule in which the craft will circle around the Moon before returning toEarth.All being well , a crewed capsule will follow in 2023.Should the mission prove a success , theastronauts will be the first humans to see the far side of the Moon with their o

6、wn eyes since Apollo 17 in1972.1 What will China do in its next space mission?A Improve its Jade Rabbit rover.B Work with other countries.C Land Change 4 on the Moon.D Explore the south pole of the Moon.2 Why did India try to carry out its follow-on mission alone?A It couldnt find a partner.B It did

7、nt get the lander as planned.C The Russians refused to work with India.D It planned to launch Chandrayaan-2 in advance.3 Which country is interested in resources on the Moon?A Russia.B China.C India.D USA.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国、俄罗斯、印度和美国的登月计划。【难句分析】 It is currently working an a project whose idea is

8、 that the landers will explore thesouth pole of the Moon， exploring for resources such as mineralsand water ice to be used to provide for a human outpost（前哨站 ） 分析：该句为主从复合句。句中whose idea is that the landers will explore thesouth pole of the Moon， exploring for resources such as minerals and water ice

9、tobe used to provide for a human outpost（前哨站 ） 为 whose 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a project ；该定语从句中含有 that 引导的表语从句。译文：当前（俄罗斯 ）正启动一项工程， 其思路是登陆器将探索月球的南极， 寻找矿物质 和水冰等资源以供人类前哨站使用。1C 考查细节理解。 根据第二段第三句“ Named Change 4, the mission is scheduled to touchdown in the Aitken Basin near the end of 2018”可知，嫦娥四号将在 2018年底降落在月球 Ai

10、tken Basin 地区。据此可知，中国的下一步空间计划是嫦娥四号登月， 故 C 项正确。根据第三段第二句“ It is currently working on a project whose idea is that the landers will explore thesouth pole of the Moon”可知，探索月球南极是俄罗斯的计划，而不是中国的计划，故D 项错误；A、B 项文中没有提及。2B 考查细节理解。根据第四段第三句“ But when the Russians failed to deliver the promisedlander in 2013, Indi

11、adecided to go it alone”可知，由于俄罗斯没能给印度提供着陆器，故印度决定自己实施登月计划，故 B 项正确。根据第四段第二句 “ Chandrayaan-2was meant to cooperate with Russia”可知，印度 Chandrayaan-2 任务 计划和俄罗斯合作完成，故 A 项错误；根据第四段第三句可知，俄罗斯没能给印度提供着陆知，此处需用动词的过去分词构成被动语态，故填simplified器，而不是拒绝合作，故 C 项错误；D 项文中没有提及。3A 考查细节理解。 根据第三段第二句“ It is currently working on a p

12、roject whose idea is thatthe landers will explore the south pole of the Moon ， exploring for resources such as minerals and waterice to be used to provide for a humanoutpost( 前 哨站) ”可知，当前俄罗斯正启动一项工程，其思路是登陆器将探索月球的南极，寻找矿物 质和水冰等资源以供人类前哨站使用。故 A 项正确。二、单句语法填空1 Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzh

13、en for the money-making jobs they (promise)before.答案： have been promised 由主句谓语动词的时态及从句的时间副词 before 可知， 本从句的谓语动词应用现在完成时， 且 they 和 promise 之间存在被动关系， 故填 have been promised 。2 _ (person), I think he is a very good man, but you may not agree.答案：Personally 副词 personally就我个人而言”，相当于 personally speaking。3 It

14、 wont be long _ we know the result of the experiment.答案：before It wo nt be long before .不久之后就.，是固定句式。4 He was _ (total) uninterested in sports.答案： totally 应用副词修饰形容词 uninterested ，故填 totally 。5 An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the _(solve) clearly in mind.答案： solution 由空前 the 可知此处应用名词 solution

15、“解决方法”。6 A man stood up and crossed his arms over his head, _ (signal) thathe was strongly opposed.答案： signalling 句中已有谓语动词 stood 和 crossed ，由空前逗号知应用非谓语动 词形式，且signal 与逻辑主语 A man 之间是主动关系，且 signal 和句子谓语 stood up 及 crossed 所表示的动作同时发生，因此填 signalling 。7 Several problems like those _ (arise) at the power p

16、lant so far.答案： have arisen 由“ so far ”可知应用现在完成时。8 The students are looking forward to having an opportunity _ (explore)society for real-life experience.答案： to explore have an opportunity to do sth.“有机会做某事”。9 The law needs to be _(simple) 答案： simplified need to do sth. “需要做某事”，由设空前的 be 动词及句意可10. We

17、received 400(apply) for the job.5.最佳选项。答案：applications由修饰限定词400 可知，此处应填名词，且用其复数形式。三、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的I lived in Dallas ，Texas nearly allmylife with mydad，momand younger brother.Wewere raised to _1_ others , value education , and get all that we could out of life.Myparent

18、s always say，“Work _2_ and the world is yours. ” They are _3_ withouta helpful word of_4_ or a bit of en courageme nt whe n life gets_5_.My pare nts always _6_me to go to college.However, whe n I_7_ at 16 yearsold that rd rather get married to a man _8_ go to college，they never stoppedtelli ng me th

19、ey loved me and I could do anything I wan ted to.Tha nkfully，theypersuaded me.I graduated from high school and curre ntly _9_ the Un iversity ofOklahoma studying medicine.l want to make the world a_10_ place to live in.Every time I call home to tell them about a grade received in the chemistry labor

20、_11_ class it is that rm work ing hardest on for the mome nt，they tell me how_12_ of me they are.I know there are college kids out there that have no one to13_ home to when they get an “A on a project and I feel incredibly_14_ to havemy pare nts.They never_15_ oving me or believi ng in me.Pare nts a

21、re the best gift that God gives me._16_ their consta nt love anden courageme nt , I would nt believe I can _17_ the world.My pare nts _18_ me toalways fight for what I _19_ in .So rmworki ng toward somethi ng really great andcan only hope I_20 to make them proud.A.i nspireB. respectC. guideD.followA

22、.hardB.solidlyC. attentivelyD.in tellige nA.sometimesB.any timeC. everD.neverA.methodB.adviceC. educationD.in troducti onA.toughB.smoothC. brightD.happy.10. We received 400(apply) for the job.5.6 A.remindedB supposedCdesignedD expected7 A.decidedB hesitatedCjudgedD remembered8 A.butBandCthanD

23、 while9 A.joinedB attendedCservedD admitted10A.comfortableB suitableC peacefulD better11 A.wheneverB whicheverC whereverD however12 A.ashamedB nervousC proudD modest13 A.goBrunC returnDcall14 A.blessedB annoyedC praisedD relaxed15 A.stoppedB helpedC blamedD prevented16A.WithB WithoutC UnderD Beneath

24、17 A.changeB destroyC conquerD challenge18 A.forcedB orderedC allowedD taught19 A.enjoyB workC believeD live20 A.wantBwishC haveD continue【解题导语】爸爸、妈妈、弟弟和“我”住在达拉斯，父母教育我们要尊重别人，重视 教育，他们的爱和鼓励对“我”意义重大。1B 根据全文内容可知， 父母教育我们要尊重别人， 重视教育。 respect 意为“尊敬， 尊重”，符合语境。2 A 父母总是教育我们：“努力工作，世界就是你们的。”故选A。3 D 当生活变得艰难时，父母总

25、会给我们有益的建议或一些鼓励。 never without 为 双重否定，表示肯定的意思。4 B 参见上题解析。 a helpful word of advice表示“有用的建议”。5A 参见 3 题解析。 tough “艰难的，艰苦的”。6 D 根据该段中的“ Thankfully, they persuaded me ”可知，父母一直期望“我” 上大学并最终说服了“我”。 expect “期望，期待”。7A 根据下文父母对“我”的劝说可知， 16 岁时“我”决定 (decided) 结婚而不是上 大学。8 C 16 岁时“我”决定结婚而不是上大学。 would rather.than.为固

26、定用法，表示宁愿.而不愿.”。9 B 根据文中的“ they persuaded me.I graduated from high schooland.medicine ”可知， “我”高中毕业后上了一所大学。 attend 意为“经常去， 定期去 ( 学 校、教堂等 )”。10 D 根据文中的“ the University of Oklahoma studying medicine ”可知，“我” 主修医学，想让这个世界成为更好的 (better) 可供人们生活的地方。11 B 每次当“我”打电话告诉他们“我”在实验室里的成绩或是“我”当时正努力 学习的任何一门课程时，他们会告诉“我”他们

27、以“我”为傲。 whichever class 意为“无论哪一门课”。12. C 父母以“我”取得的成绩而自豪。be proud of 为固定用法，意为“以自豪”。13. D “我”知道有的大学生在得到一个“ A”时，因没家人所以无法打电话回家。故选 D。14. A 和那些得了“ A”却没有家人可告知的冋学相比，“我”有这样的父母是非常有福的。 blessed 意义“有福的”。15A 父母从不停止对“我”的爱，从不停止对“我”的信赖。stop doing sth. “停 止做某事”。16B 没有 (Without) 父母持续不断的爱和鼓励， “我”不可能相信“我”能改变世界。 17 A参见上题

28、解析。故选 A。18 D 父母一直教育 (taught) “我”去为“我”认为对的事而奋斗。19C 参见上题解析。 believe in sth. “认为某事好 ( 或对、可接受 ) ”，符合语境。20 D “我”会继续努力，希望父母继续为“我”感到自豪。 continue to do sth.表示“继续做某事”，为固定用法。四、单句改错1.We are sure that everything will be better with time goes by.答案： withTas 或 goesfgoingas time goes by 与 with time going by 均表示随着时

29、间的推移”。as 在此为连词，后接句子；with 为介词，可看作 with 的复合结构作状语。2.Can you give me some advice on what to deal with this problem?答案： whatThow 或 dealTdo what to do with .= how to deal with .女口何处理”。3.There is very much homework that I cant have much time to experienee nature.答案：veryTso so . that .如此.以至于. ”。4.He was lat

30、e as a result the heavy snow.答案：result 后加 of as a result of .由于. ”。5.I am always dreaming of visiting China, and now my dream has been come true.答案：去掉 been come true 是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。五、七选五By 2025 , water shortage will be a big problem for about 1.8 billi on people .Ina world where water resource is

31、 increasingly short , nations cannot afford to waste it._1After we usewater in our homes and bus in esses , it is washed away, and takes many valuable resources with it.Waste water is rich in carb on and nutrients._2 A nu mber of n ati ons and major cities havealready built waste water treatment pla

32、nts.They can effectively recover nutrients and bioenergy , andproduce new water” that can be reused.But more than 80%of all waste water still currently flows intonatural ecosystems , polluting the environment and taking valuable nutrients and other recoverablematerials with it._3_ This is still bett

33、er tha n the situati on in smaller cities .In Lati n America n countries , thoseliving in small and medium-sized cities at most treat it in theform of septic tanks （ 化粪池）that lack regular and proper maintenance.Imagi ne that outside one of these small cities lies a lovely piece of landon the surface

34、 it is pleas in gly built and provides habitats for localwildlife.Be neath the surface is a wetla nd that treats waste water and producesenergy.The energy produced saves families from having to use firewood collected in the wild.This is not a dream project._4_ A team of scie ntists have bee n look inginto the potential of constructed wetland environments.Having analyzed 800 examples of bioma