2015年河南专升本公共英语讲义-改错题讲解

1、2015年公共英语讲义-改错题讲解一、改错题常见考点 . 11. 词汇考点 . . 12. 语法考点 . . 2二、练习题：辨认错误并改正试题 . 11三、参考答案： . . 20改错题常见考点1. 词汇考点(1)词语搭配(介词、连词的选择)错误The element carbon is widelyAfoundB in natureC in many forms including both diamondsas well asD coal.解析：Das well as 改为 and。bothand为固定结构。(2)错误地省略介词The law I amreferringA requires

2、 that everyoneB who ownsCa car haveD accidentinsurance.解析： A 改为 referring to ：参考；涉及。注意本句中 require 后宾语从句中使用 了虚拟语气， have 前省略了 should 。(3)其他高频词汇考点one s ability to do sth., look forward to doing sth., be robbed of sth.,more than ample to do sth.（足以 ）,be far removed from （与 毫不相干），with authority over sth.

3、（有权力. ）,to extent/degree, win a greatvictory over sb., in respect （在方面） , at one s expense （由 承担） , keepdiscipline （遵守纪律）， o n the decline/increase （在下降 / 增加）2. 语法考点（1）非谓语动词1动词不定式WhenI consider how talented he isAas a painterB, I cannot help but believingC that thepublicD will appreciate his gift.解析

4、：C 删去 but , can t help doing sth.:情不自禁.或将 believing改为believe ，can t help but do sth. : 不得不.。2动名词Some bosses dislike to allowA people to shareB their responsibilities; they keep allCimportant matters tightlyD in their own hands.解析： Ato allow 改为 allowing 。 dislike 后接动名词。3现在分词、过去分词混淆He cannot tell the

5、difference between trueA praise and flatteringB statements makingConly to gainD his favor.解析：Cmaking 改为 made statements 与 make 为被动关系。(2)比较级、最高级错误点设置1比较级、最高级形式误用A great manyA educators firmlyB believe that English is one of the poorestCtaught subjects in high schools todayD.解析：C 改为 most poorly。taught

6、 为动词，要由副词 poorly 修饰，poorly 最高级 为 mostpoorly 。2比较范围重复出现Of all his outdoorA activities, Paul likes fishing best of allB, but he doesn t enjoy cleaningCfishing rods afterwardsD.解析：B 改为(the) best 或(the) most。本句中开头已有 Of all，表示整体范围， 后用最高级，故删除后面的 of all 。此外，副词最高级前 the 可以省略。3句中出现 than ，却没有相应形容词或副词的比较级形式Onth

7、e wholeA, ambitious students are muchlikelyB to succeed in their studies than arethoseCwithD little ambition.解析： Bare much likely 改为 are more likely 。此外，注意本句中被比较的成分 使用了倒装句结构。4比较对象不一致As far asA I am concerned, his politics areB rather conservative comparedC with otherpoliticiansD.解析： Dpoliticians 改为

8、politicians 。比较对象为“他的政见”与“其他政客的 政见”。此外，注意： politics 单复数同形，表示“政治学”时，谓语动词用单数； 表示“政见”时，谓语动词用复数。5比较级错用Because there are lessA memberspresent tonight thanB there wereC last night, we mustwait until the next votingD.解析：A 改为 fewer，修饰可数名词复数 members less 修饰不可数名词。（3）（并列、转折结构）平衡一致原则常考：and/but,notbut, not,asas,

9、not so/as as, than: 前后比较成分在形式、词性上均对等一致。While inA Europe, the tourists enjoyed toB their heart sC content the weather, the foodand going to the theatreD.解析：D 改为 the theatre。关键词 and 表示并列。此处 the weather, the food, the theatre 均充当 enjoy 的宾语。（4）三大从句注意：三大从句中，错误点往往设置在引导词（连接词）的选择上。1名词性从句1）主语从句To beA frank,

10、thatB is a great relief to have the task fulfilledC in so short a timeD.解析：B 改为 it。本句看似是一个主语从句，其实 it 为形式主语，后面的不定式为 真正的主语。2）宾语从句I thought the technician was to blameA for the blowingB of the fuse, but I see now howC IwasD mistaken.解析：Chow 改为 that。that 为宾语从句引导词。2定语从句1） 关系代词、关系副词的误用The new hotel has er

11、ectedA a beautiful building withB recreation areas and conferencefacilities on the top floor in whichC the finest view of the city can be obtainedD.解析： C 改为 where 或 from which 或 on which。the finest view of the city canbe obtained 为完整的句子，故应用关系副词或介词 +关系代词连接，先行词 floor 指地点。2） 成分多余They pointed outA the d

12、amagewhichB they supposed thatC had been done by last nightsD storm.解析： C 去掉 that 。本句中关系代词 which 为定语从句的主语， they supposed 为插 入语， had been done 为谓语，故 that 多余。3)缺少关系代词Accounts ofA scientific experiments are generally correct forB those write aboutC scienceare careful in checkingD the accuracy of their

13、reports.解析：C 改为 who write about 或 writing about 。those 后接 who 引导定语从句。 此外，句中 for 引导原因状语从句。3状语从句注意：常考 unless 。If onlyA the nature of the aging process isB better understood, the possibility ofdiscoveringC a medicine that can block the fundamental process of aging seemsD veryremote.解析： A 改为 unless ，表示“

14、除非”。(5)虚拟语气 if 条件句中连词被错误地省略I shouldA not have recognized theB man evenC you had toldD me his name.解析：C 改为 even if 或 even though。本句主句、从句均对过去虚拟。 宾语从句中未能正确使用虚拟语气I d rather you would goA by train, because I cant bearB the idea of yourbeingC in an airplane in suchD bad weather.解析：Awould go 改为 went。would

15、rather后宾语从句对现在、将来虚拟均用一般过去时。(6)被动语态1该使用被动，却误用主动To understand the situation completelyArequiresB more thought than has givenCthus farD.解析： C 改为 has been given 。 thought 与 give 之间为被动关系。此外，应注意本 句主语为动词不定式。2该使用主动，却误用被动If it doesn tA rain withinB the next few weeks, the cropsC will have to be watered if th

16、eyare to be survivedD.解析：Dto be survived 改为 to survive 。survive 无被动语态。 常考 last, appear, arise, breakout, occur 等，不及物动词无被动。(7)时态He also conceivedA that the solar system and the universe would comeB into existencebyC a natural process and would disappearD one day.解析：Bwould come 改为 had come。太阳系与宇宙已经形成，

17、再加上conceived 为 一般过去时，故其后从句用过去完成时。(8)动词的误用For him to be re electedA, what is essential is not that his policy worksB, but thatC thepublic believe that it isD.解析：Dis 改为 does。does 代指前面动词 works。注意句中平衡一致结构 not that, butthat 。(9)主谓不一致Although a great number of houses in that area are stillA in need of rep

18、airB, there have beenC improveme nt in the facilitiesD.解析：C 改为 has been。本题中 improvement 为抽象的名词，属于不可数名词，故 谓语动词应该用单数。注意：本句中 repair 为名词。(10)倒装结构误用Much althoughA I have traveled, I have n ever see n anyone to equalB her in thorough ness,whateverCthe jobD.解析：AMuchalthough 改为 Muchas。口诀：引导让步状语从句，although 不

19、可倒， as 必须倒，though 可倒可不倒。(11)独立主格结构Beethove n, the great musicia n, wroteA nine sympho nies in his life, most of them werewritte nB after he had lostC his heari ngD.cattle, police, poultry，deer。解析： Dwere written 改为 written 。本句中独立主格结构的主语 most of them 与write 为被动关系，故使用过去分词 written 。(12)词性误用 未能正确使用副词It s

20、 essential that people beApsychologicalB able to resist the impact brought aboutC bythe transition from plannedD economy to market economy.解析： B 改为 psychologically 。 able 为形容词，应该由副词修饰， psychological 为形容词。注意：句中 esse ntial 为虚拟语气标志词；pla nn ed eco nomy 表示“计划 经济”。 未能正确使用形容词All those left undoneA may soun

21、d greatlyB in theory, but even the truest believerC hasgreat difficulty whenD it comes to specifics.解析： B 改为 great 。 sound 为系动词，后接形容词作表语。(13)可数名词、不可数名词的误用The data receivedA from the two spacecraftsB whirling around Mars indicateCthat there is much evidence that huge thunderstorms are occurringD abou

22、t the equator ofthe planet.解析： B 改为 two spacecraft 。 spacecraft “宇宙飞船”单复数同形。类似用法：（14）代词误用（指代错误）Although Alice has bee nA to the mountains man ytimesB before, she stillC loves visit ingitD.解析：Dvisiting it 改为 visitingthem。them 代替前面的复数名词 the mountains。(15)缺少句子成分Despite the fact thatA the South Pole is

23、as snowcoveredB and stormyweatheredC as the North Pole, is colderD tha n the North Pole.解析：B 改为 it is colder。本句缺少主语 it，指代 the South Pole 。(16)句子结构错误高频考点：使用 Becauseso和 Althoughbut两个错误结构。改正的方法为： 选择because 和 so 中的任意一个，或 although 和 but 中的任意一个。Although Professor Green s lectures usually ran overA the fif

24、tyminuteBperiod, but noneC of his stude nts eve nD objected as they found his lectures both informative and in terest ing.解析：Cbut none 改为 none。(17)冠词误用“ I con sidered itAa honorB to be in vited to addressC the meet ing of worldfamousD scientists,” said Professor Leacock.解析：Aa honor 改为 an honor。元音前（且

25、可数名词单数）用冠词 an。二、练习题：辨认错误并改正试题1. I cannot hardlyA believe it whenB I saw it withC my own eyesD.2.The eruptionsA of Mt. St. Helens were enough severeB to cause numerousCdeathsD.3. Everything could destroyA if he had not calledB the firemenC when the fire broke outD.4.Of allAthe Native AmericansBinC th

26、e United States, the Navajos form largestD group.5. Having returnedA from BerlinB, he recieves no telephone callC, neitherD.6. In the early 1960 sA the Civil Rights movement madeB great efforts forregisteringC members of minorities to voteD.7. In the nineteenth centuryA the Mohave Indians livedB in

27、the Northern HemispheregrewC their crops on river bottom landsD.8. Approximately fifty percent of the packageAutilizedB in the United States are for foodsCand beveragesD.9. Anne couldn t concentrate inA what she was doingBwhileC her family wereD watchingTV.10. We were struckA by the extent toB which

28、 teachers decisions served theinterests of the school rather thanCthatD of the students.11. The gree nestA and pie ntifulestB leaves areC the leaves of grassesD.12. Ballo on observatio nsA for militaryB in tellige nee were madeCwhileD theAmerica n Civil War.13.For een turies,musieA have played acous

29、tical guitars, whichprodueeBso undC from the vibrati onD of the stri ngs.14. They dema ndedA that the right to voteBis give nC to every adult pers onD.15. The farA away we get from the earthB, the thi nnerC the air becomesD.16. As research tech niq uesA become more adva ncedB, theC nu mber of ani ma

30、ls usingDin experime nts may decrease.17. In 1991, after the gulf war, Bush s approval ratingA reached 91 percent, the highestBlevel recordedC since polli ng were begu nD in the 1930s.18. It is a wellknown fact thatA a pers on will moveB in a circle whe n hecannot use his eyes con trolChisD directi

31、on.19. The n ati ons that haveA actively invo IvedB in earthquake predicti onCprograms in cludeD Japa n, Chi na, Russia, and the Un ited States.20. SupposedA he does not comeB, shallC we go withoutD him?21. A man cannot be really happy if whatA he enjoys to doB is ignored by societyC as ofDno value

32、or importa nee.22. It is reported that there are at least three sig ns thatAi ndicateB the pers on is sufferedCfrom a panic attack rather tha nD a heart attack.23. If he accepts the jobA, he would getBmoreC money right awayD.24. How surpris ingA the people who thought tomatoes pois onous would be if

33、they could knowB that millions of pounds of tomatoes wereC supplied to soldiers overseasduri ngD World War II.25. On the averageA, males score highB tha n females onC tests that measuremathematical reas oning, mecha ni cal ability, and problemsol ving skillsD.26. Experime nts have to makeA un derBca

34、refullyCc on trolledD con diti ons.27. SheA is soB a good teacher thatC all the stude nts likeD her.28. A life livi ngA without fan tasyB and daydream ingC is a reallyD poor lifein deed.29. Large orA fat people who wantB to look smallC tha n they are usually weardark clothesD.30. You had better toAb

35、ri ngBe no ughC money withD you.31. Having notA got eno ugh han dsB, she had great difficultyC in accomplish ingD thetask .32. The effectA of rapid travel on the body isB actually far disturbingC than we realizeD .33. Many otherA new tech niq ues areB available that en able more research to doC in t

36、hetest tubeD34. I think itA necessary forB him finishingC the work inD time.35. I know Jonathan quite wellA and never doubt whetherB he can do aC good job of itD.36. She died when she was ninetyA, not of old age, but ofB head injury when she fellCdown a flightD of stairs.37. Let s begin the lessonAa

37、tB the place whereC we left outD last time.38. I was inA the point of telephoningB him whenC his letter arrivedD.39. His remarksA left meBwonderCaboutD his real purpose.40.Beethoven is my favoriteA musician. I regard him asBmore superior toCotherDmusicians.41. In no country moreA than Britain, it ha

38、s been said, can oneB experience four seasonsin the courseC of aD single day.42. AtA seeing theB damage he had doneC, the child felt ashamedD.43. To believeA it or not, his discovery hasB created a stirC in scientific circlesD.44. When I caught him cheatA I stopped buyingB things there and started d

39、ealingC withanotherD shop.45. As beingA announced in today s papersB, the Shanghai Export CommoditiesFair is also openC on SundaysD.46. It is reported that the mostAadoptedB children want to knowCwhoD their naturalparents are.47. I have kept that portrait whichA I can see it every day, asB it always

40、 reminds me ofC myuniversity daysD in London.48. Jean doesn t want to workA right away because she thinks that if she has to getB a jobshe probablyC wouldn t be able to see her friends veryoftenD.49. I hope all the precautions againstA air pollution, whileB suggested byCthe local government, will be

41、 seriouslyD considered here.50. We object forA punishing aB whole group forConeD person s fault.51. The director wasA critical atBthe wayC we were doingD the work.52.Mr. Wilson said that he didA not want toB take inC any further responsibilitiesD.53. TheA last time we hadB a family reunion was inC m

42、y brother s weddingceremonyD four years ago.54. A quiet studentA as he mayBbe, he talks a lot aboutC his favorite singers after classD.55. PublishingA as it was atB such a time, his workC attracted muchattentionD.56. He got up, walked acrossA the room, and withB a sharp quick movemenflungC thedoor w

43、idely ope nD.57. His victory in the fin alA was no moreBc on vi ncedC tha n I had expectedD.58. Her wallet has bee n stole nAfrom her uni ocked carB, on lyC because of hercareless nessD.59. Whe n the tank car carriedA the pois onous gas ran offB the rails, thefireme n tried to isolate the village fr

44、omC all trafficD.60. No soon erAhad they reachedB there tha nC they are orderedD to retur n to London.61. It is en courag in gAto no teB that in rece nt years, cigarette smokers havebee n in the decli neC, especially among olderD people.62. NoA bank keeps eno ughB cash pay ingC all its depositors in

45、 fullD at one time.63.MagazinesA provide theB great variety of advertisementsCanden terta inment as well asD in formati on.64.This is the most importantrespect whichA civilized manB can bedist in guished fromC primitive com mun itiesD.65. AsA a bad tempered man, he would n ot tolerateB hav ing his l

46、ecturesin terruptedas ifC he were someobscure can didate mak ingD an electi on speech.66. The boy is constantly being toldA not to scratch the paint offB the wall, but he goes onto doC it all the sameD.67. The parcel you post must be well packedA. Inadequate packing can meanB delay,damage orC loss a

47、t your expensesD.68. The radio was of soA inferior quality thatB I took it backC and asked for a better oneD.69. Alice was havingA trouble to controlB the children because there wereC so manyD ofthem.70. John s chance of being electedAchairmanB of the committee is farC greater thanDickD.71. There ar

48、e many valuable servicesA which the public are willing to pay forB, but whichdoes not bringC a return in moneyD to the community.72. He was seeingA somebodycreepingB into the house throughC the openDwindow lastnight.73. The reason forA all theB changes being madeChasnot explainedD to us yet.74.Even

49、thoughA the children pretended asleepB, the nurses were notdeceivedCwhenD they came into the room.75. There is aA delicate balance of nature whichB many square miles of ocean andvegetation and clean air are neededC to maintain only a relatively fewD human beings.76.The idea thatA learning is aB life

50、long process has expressedC by philosophers andeducationalists throughoutD the centuries.77. Nobody besideAlittleB children thinksC that a trip by bus is excitingD.78. In the teachingA of mathematics, the way of instruction is generallytraditional, withB teachers presenting formalC lectures and stud

51、ents takeD notes.79. The teacher asked themA who had completedB their tests to leaveC the room asquietlyD as possible.80. ManA has used metals for centuries in gradualB increasing quantities,but it was not until the Industrial Revolution thatC they cameto be employedD in real vastquantities.81. If y

52、ou want your film to properly processA, you ll have to wait and pick it upB on Friday,whichCisD the day after tomorrow.82. Young readers, more often than notA, find the novels ofB Dickens farC more excitingthan ThackerayD.83. People cannot butA feel puzzlingB, for they simply cannotC understand how

53、he couldhave madeD such a stupid mistake.84.Nowhere but in Europe we have seenAthe resultsBso clearlyC, which really havesurprised us allD.85. The amount of pressureAwhichB the materials are subjectC to affectD the quality ofthe products.86. I regret having leftA the work unfinishedB; I should planC

54、 everything aheadD carefully.87. The problem of unemployment theA governments want solvedB is as serious asC inthese underdevelopedD countries.88. It wasA kind of him to meetB meat the station and droveC meto his homeD.89. It was not so muchAthe many blows he received forB the lack of fightingC spir

55、it that ledto his losingD the game.90. IfA carefully doingB, the experiments willC be successfulD.91. Not untilA she got toB the classroom, she foundC that she had forgottenD to bring herbooks.92. He boughtA a lot of books, noneB of themC he has ever readD.93. I don t think itA advisable that he will be assignedB to the job since he has noCexperience whatsoeverD.94. Mr. Jankin regretted to blameA his secretary forB the mistake, forC he laterdiscoveredD it was his own fault.95. At timesA, more care goes intoB the composition of newspaper and magazineadvertisements than the writingC of