一般过去时的讲解（课堂PPT）

1、2021/3/2912021/3/292知识结构知识结构构成构成意义意义常用时间标志常用时间标志动词的过去式动词的过去式1. 表示过去某个时间发表示过去某个时间发生的生的动作动作或存在的或存在的状态状态。2. 表示过去经常或表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。反复发生的动作。yesterday morning/afternoonlast night/week/year/Sunday/in 1990 two years/weeks agoGrammar一般过去时一般过去时2021/3/293动词过去式的变化动词过去式的变化2021/3/2941. 动词动词be的变化：的变化：waswere am is

2、are2. 助动词助动词do的变化：的变化： do did (在过去时里助动词在过去时里助动词do没有没有 人称和数的变化人称和数的变化) 如：如：Did you play soccer yesterday? Did he play soccer yesterday? 2021/3/2953. 实义动词的变化：实义动词的变化： 实义动词分实义动词分规则变化规则变化和和不规则变化不规则变化。 规则变化有以下几种：规则变化有以下几种： (1) 一般情况下在动词后加一般情况下在动词后加-ed。 e.g. playplayed visitvisited walkwalked cleancleaned

3、2021/3/296(2) 以不以不发音的发音的e结尾的词结尾的词，在词尾，在词尾 加加-d。 e.g. livelived likeliked dancedanced hopehoped 2021/3/297(3) 以一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的以一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的 重读闭音节结尾的单词，要先双写重读闭音节结尾的单词，要先双写 这个辅音字母，再加这个辅音字母，再加-ed。 e.g. stopstopped dropdropped planplanned 2021/3/298(4) 以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y结尾的单词，先改结尾的单词，先改y 为为i，再加，再加-ed。 e.g. s

4、tudystudied carrycarried 不规则变化需要按一定的规律逐个不规则变化需要按一定的规律逐个 记忆。记忆。2021/3/299规则动词词规则动词词-ed的读音的读音清念清念 /t/ ,元浊元浊/d/ ; /t/ /d/ 之后念之后念/id/1、清念、清念 /t/ ，即即 ed 在在清清辅音后面念辅音后面念 /t/ ,例：例：finished helped passed cooked2.元浊元浊 /d/ ,即即 ed 在在元元音，音，浊浊辅音后面辅音后面/d/ 例：例：borrowed enjoyed called moved 3、/t/ /d/ 之后念之后念 /id/ , 即

5、即 ed 在在 /t/ /d/ 音后音后面念面念 /id/例：例：wanted shouted needed counted 2021/3/2910不规则变化不规则变化(需逐个记忆需逐个记忆)： do did come came go went sit sat have had can could take took give gave put put get got swim swam eat ate tell told sleep slept see saw wear wore lie lay drink drank find found write wrote can could wil

6、l would sing sang read read2021/3/2911do did go went read read see saw get got sit sat have/has had am/is was 在本单元中出现的不规则动词有以在本单元中出现的不规则动词有以下几个：下几个：2021/3/2912III. 写出下列单词的过去式写出下列单词的过去式 talk milk am /is are go ride feed take do seetalked was went fed did milked were rode took saw 2021/3/2913I _ 12 ye

7、ars old this year. 我去年我去年11岁岁.I _ 11 years old last year.He _ in Beijing now.他昨天在上海。他昨天在上海。He _ in Shanghai yesterday.他现在在北京。他现在在北京。我今年我今年12岁岁.amwasiswas2021/3/2914They _ in China today.他们今天在中国。他们今天在中国。They _ in Japan yesterday.他们昨天在日本。他们昨天在日本。areweream/ iswasarewere2021/3/2915每天，早餐我吃鸡蛋和牛奶。每天，早餐我吃鸡蛋

8、和牛奶。I _ eggs and milk for breakfast every morning.昨天，早餐我吃面条。昨天，早餐我吃面条。I _ noodles for breakfast yesterday morning.他每天都吃水果。他每天都吃水果。He _ fruit every day.昨天他吃了昨天他吃了3个苹果。个苹果。He _ 3 apples yesterday.have/ hashadhavehashadhad2021/3/2916I up at 6:30 every morning.I _ up at 9:00 last Sunday.He football ever

9、y afternoon.He _ basketball yesterday afternoon.He his homework every evening.He _ some reading last night.gotplayeddid2021/3/2917They TV in the evening.They _ TV last night.She basketball after school.She _ basketball after school yesterday. you to school on foot every day?_ you _ to school on foot

10、yesterday. he to school by bus every day?_ he _to school by bus yesterday?didntdiddidnt watchdidnt playDidDidgogo2021/3/2918一般现在时一般现在时:句中句中be动词用动词用am/is/are, 实义实义 动词用动词用三单或原形三单或原形, ,表示表示现在的状态现在的状态或或 现在经常反复发生现在经常反复发生的动作和行为。的动作和行为。时标时标:always usually often sometimes never every day on Sundays现在进行时现在进行

11、时:句中动词用句中动词用am/is/are +doing 形式形式, ,表示表示现在正在进行的动作现在正在进行的动作。时标时标: now at the moment listen look do sth. at+具体时刻具体时刻 Its+具体时刻具体时刻2021/3/2919一般过去时一般过去时:句中句中be动词用动词用was/were,实义动实义动 词用词用动词过去式动词过去式, ,表示表示过去某个时间发生的过去某个时间发生的 动作或存在的状态动作或存在的状态也可表示也可表示过去反复出现过去反复出现 的动作的动作(与频度副词与频度副词usually, often等连用等连用) I was n

12、ine years old in 2008. (过去某时间的状态过去某时间的状态) I went to Shanghai last year. (过去某时间发生的动作过去某时间发生的动作) I often did my homework at school. (过去反复出现的动作过去反复出现的动作)2021/3/2920我我天天天天打篮球。打篮球。我我正在正在打篮球。打篮球。我我昨天昨天打篮球。打篮球。I every day.I now.I yesterday.play basketballam playing basketball played basketball2021/3/2921时标

13、时标: (汉语翻译时常用汉语翻译时常用“了了”) yesterday (昨天昨天) yesterday morning / afternoon / evening (昨天早上昨天早上 / 下午下午 / 晚上晚上) last night (昨晚昨晚) = yesterday evening last year / month / week (去年去年 / 上个月上个月 / 上星期上星期) the day before yesterday (前天前天) in+过去的年份或月份过去的年份或月份 (在在年年/在在月月) 时间段时间段+ago (以前以前) just now (刚才刚才) at that

14、 time=then (在那时在那时) when + 过去时句子过去时句子 (一般过去时时间状从一般过去时时间状从)2021/3/2922含含be动词的过去时句式动词的过去时句式肯定句肯定句 主语主语 + was / were + 表语表语.否定句否定句 主语主语 + was / were not + 表语表语. (wasnt/ werent)一般疑问句一般疑问句 Was / Were + 主语主语 + 表语表语? 肯定回答肯定回答 Yes, 代词代词 + was / were. 否定回答否定回答 No, 代词代词 + wasnt / werent. I _ a teacher last ye

15、ar. I _ a teacher last year. _ you a teacher last year? Yes, I _. / No, I _.waswasntWerewaswasnt2021/3/2923肯定句肯定句 主语主语+动词过去式动词过去式+宾语宾语. I _(watch) TV last night.否定句否定句 主语主语+didnt+动词原形动词原形+宾语宾语. I _(not watch) TV last night.一般疑问句一般疑问句 Did+主语主语+动词原形动词原形+宾语宾语? 肯定回答肯定回答 Yes, 代词代词+did. 否定回答否定回答 No, 代词代词+

16、didnt. _ you _(watch) TV last night? Yes, I _. / No, I _.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+did+主语主语+动原动原? What _ you _(do) last night?含含实义实义动词的过去时句式动词的过去时句式watcheddidnt watchDid watchdiddidntdid dodid, does一出现一出现, ,动词都要变原形动词都要变原形2021/3/2924动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事；动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事；be用用was或用或用were, have, has变变had；谓语动词过去式，

17、过去时间作标志；谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；一般动词加一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。，若是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单，主语之后否定句很简单，主语之后didnt添；添；疑问句也不难，疑问句也不难，did放在主语前；放在主语前；如果谓语之前有如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原；，谓语动词需还原；动词若是动词若是was,were,否定就把否定就把not添。添。2021/3/29251.He visited his friends last night.2.Tom took some photos two days ago.3.We went for a walk yesterday.4.I

18、studied in Beijing in 1999.5.They played soccer yesterday morning.2021/3/2926 1.He visited his friends last night.否定句否定句He didnt visit his friends last night. 疑问句疑问句：Did he visit his friends last night? 肯定回答：肯定回答：Yes, he did. 否定回答：否定回答：No, he didnt. 对划线提问对划线提问：What did he do last night? 对划线提问：对划线提问：

19、When did he visit his friends?2021/3/29271.I_ ( play) soccer yesterday.否定句：疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答：对划线提问:：对划线提问：playedI didnt play soccer yesterday.Did you play soccer yesterday?Yes, I did.No, I didnt.What did you do yesyerday?When did you play soccer?2021/3/2928 2.Tom took some photos two days ago. 否定句否定句: 疑

20、问句：疑问句： 肯定回答：肯定回答： 否定回答否定回答: 划线提问：划线提问： 划线提问：划线提问：Tom didnt take any photos two days ago.Did Tom take any photos two days ago?Yes, he did.No, he didnt.What did Tom do two days ago?When did Tom take any photos?2021/3/29293.We_(go) for a walk yesterday.4.I_(study) in Beijing in 1999.wentstudied否定句否定句疑

21、问句疑问句肯定回答肯定回答否定回答否定回答划线提问划线提问划线提问划线提问We didnt go for a walk yesterday.Did you go for a walk yesterday?Yes, we did.No, we didnt.What did you do yesterday?When did you go for a walk?2021/3/2930I. 用适当的词填空用适当的词填空1. How _ your school trip? It was great.2. How _ you yesterday?3. Today is Monday. Yesterday

22、 _ Sunday.4. What _ you do the day before yesterday?5. _ you ride a horse last week? was were was did Did2021/3/2931根据句意，用括号内所给词的适当形式填根据句意，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。空。1. What did the _ (farm) say? 2. Carol _ (pick) some strawberries and _ (take) them home.3. I _ (visit) my grandparents in the countryside. 4. I _ (watch) the stars at night.5. _ (do) Carol ta