Chapter8 Great minds

1、Chapter8 Great mindsa.Learn how to use 21 words: gift attempt universe work humour distant platform perfectly wood leather metal drawer shortly call introduce purpose research entrance astronomer astronomy producer b. Learn to use the following phrases1. sense of humour 幽默感 2. give a lecture 做演讲 3.

2、regard as 把看作4. receive many invitations 收到很多请帖5. Its a pleasure to do 做很开心6. on the/ones way to 在去往的路上7. give a lecture for 为做演讲8. let down 使失望9. learnby heart 熟记10. find out 弄清楚；搞明白11. change places 调换位置12. be led to 被领到13. listen to sb. do 听某人做14. not at all 根本不； 完全不15. be in trouble / get into t

3、rouble 处于困难或危险中16. in fact / as a matter of fact 实际上；事实上17. offer to do sth. 提出做18. give a talk 做报告19. go on a trip to 去进行旅行20. have a gift for doing sth. 有做的天赋21. all sorts of trouble 各种困难 22. return a call 回电话 23. take a message 捎个口信 24. in reply to 回答 25. make sure 确信 26. at the beginning of 在开始时

4、 B Change the forms of the words1. fiction(反义词)-non-fiction2.humour（形容词）-humorous3.nod (现在、过去分词)-nodding/nodded4.lead (过去式过去分词）-led / led5.invitation (动词）-invite6.curiosity（形容词）-curious7. easy（反义词）-difficult/ hard8. let someone down（同义）-disappoint sb. 9.development(动词)-develop10.applause(动词）-applaud

5、11. theory (复数）-theories12. fiction(形容词）-fictional13. genius（复数）-geniuses14. pleasure(动词)-please15. perfectly(形容词)-perfect16. funny(最高级)-funniestb. Key points:l offer 提出某事务供考虑；提供offer sth to sb. offer sth for sthe.g. The company has offered a high salary to me.He offered $30 0000 for the house. offe

6、r to do 表示愿意或有意做； 给某事物e.g. We offered to leave.l Genius n.天才 a person who is very intelligent Einstein was a great scientific genius. 爱因斯坦是一个伟大的科学天才。 have a genius for (doing ) sth. He has a genius for getting along with children. 他擅长与孩子们打成一片。 l regard regard as 把当作；认为是其后可以跟名词（或名词短语，动名词短语）；形容词等。同义词组

7、：think of as consider as look on  ase.g. Einstein is regarded as one of the greatest scientists in the world.Many people regard Albert Einstein as a genius.We regard your action as a crime.He can be regarded as a real friend.他能被当作真正的朋友。l giftgift =presenta birthday/ Christmas/ wedding

8、 gifta gift for sth/doing sth = a talent or natural abilitye.g. She has a gift for dancing.She has a gift for musicJohn has many outstanding gifts.l attempt 与try的异同共同点：attempt和try是同义词，都可作动词，它们的一般含义是致力于可能成功也可能失败的某事。不同点：1）attempt 的含义是去做自己希望会成功的事，常常包含冒险的意义。2）在表示致力于某事时，try 并不包含冒险的意思。try 比 attempt 普通得多。在

9、口语中使用 try 比使用 attempt 更浅显通俗。try 表示试一试，即欲证明或检验某件事，这是 attempt 所不能表达的。You can try on the new coat. 这件新上衣，你可以试一试。I tried to say something, but my mouth was full of cotton wool. 我想说句话，但我嘴里塞满了药棉。attempt v. & n. 尝试， 企图1) They attempted to finish the task before July. vt. 他们试着在七月以前完成这项任务。2) He made an a

10、ttempt on the world record.n. 他试图打破世界纪录。 l curiosity: n. 好奇心 常用词组： from curiosity (=out of curiosity) 在好奇心驱使下 have the curiosity to do sth.adj. curious be curious about sth. be curious to do sth.l have a sense of humor 有幽默感e.g. The young man has not only a sense of responsibility but also a sense of

11、 humour.相关词组：have a good sense of humorhave no sense of humor in a good/ bad humor 情绪好/ 不好out of humor 情绪不佳l perfectly in a perfect way adv.e.g. The trousers fit perfectly. perfectly well 极好perfect adj.e.g. a perfect weather/ behaviorNobody is perfect.l trip n. 旅行trip journey travel tour 区别: trip 一般

12、指时间短、距离近的“旅行、远足” 。e.g. We made a boat trip to the island last week and had a good time. 我们上周坐船去小岛旅行过得非常愉快。journey指从一地到另一地，通常指陆地上的远距离“旅行”，也指旅行的路程，是比较正式的用语。 e.g. He made a long journey from Beijing to London 他从北京到伦敦做了一次长途旅行。 travel作“旅行、游历”解，一般表示从一地到另一地旅行这一总的概念，但无路程的含义 。常指长时间、远距离的“旅行”。尤指出国旅行。e.g. At pr

13、esent, many people are fond of travel in their spare time. 现在许多人喜欢在空闲时间去旅游。tour 常表示“（周游各地的）参观、访问、（巡回）旅游、视察、购物、演出”等。常指周游后回到原出发地之意。I will tour the world in the future. 我将来要环游世界。l let sb. down 让某人失望（= make sb. disappointed ） e.g. Don't worry. I'll never let you down. 别担心。我决不会让你失望的。 l Learnby he

14、art 记住（= remember） Its easy to learn these poems by heart. 记住这些诗是很容易的。l find out 查出；打听，了解 Please find out when the train starts. 请查一下火车什么时候开。 find 与 find out区别： find 强调在经过“寻找”(look for）后“找的结果”（找到或找不到），又可以表示“（偶然地）发现”；如：  e.g. I found a watch on the road. 我

15、在路上发现了一块手表。  I found my cat asleep in my bed.  我发现猫睡在我的床上。  find out 通常表示“弄明白，搞清楚，查明”。如:  e.g. The teacher wanted to find out who had broken the door.  discover也有发现的意思，但discov

16、er指“发现”某种本来存在，而以前未被发现的事物或未为人所知的东西。如：  e.g. I discovered (that) she was a good cook.我发现她是个烹饪好手/她很会烧菜。l agree vt. 同意 agree with sb / ones words / what sb say 同意某人的话/想法 agree to sth 同意某事 agree with sb on /about sth 在某方面与某人取得一致意见 agree with sth 与某事物相一致,相符合 agree w

17、ith sb (对某人的健康或胃口)适合l change places 交换位置 e.g. Let us changes places so that you can see clearly. 我们交换一下位置，以便你看得更清楚。l lead to 通向，导致e.g. This road leads to the hotel. Smoking can lead to lung cancer. l join vt. 参加 join（sb）in an activity 跟某人一起参加某个活动 join a club / an organization / a company 加入俱乐部/ 组织/公

18、司l offeroffer to do sth 主动提出做 He offered to take us in his car. 他主动提出要用车送我们。 offer sb sth / offer sth to sb 给某人提供c. Useful phrases1. sense of humour 幽默感 2. give a lecture 做演讲 3. regard as 把看作4. receive many invitations 收到很多请帖5. Its a pleasure to do做很开心6. on the/ones way to在去往的路上7. give a lecture for

19、为做演讲8. let down 使失望9. learnby heart 熟记10. find out 弄清楚；搞明白11. change places 调换位置12. be led to 被领到13. listen to sb. do 听某人做14. not at all 根本不； 完全不15. be in trouble / get into trouble 处于困难或危险中16. In fact / as a matter of fact 实际上；事实上17. offer to do sth. 提出做18. give a talk 做报告19. go on a trip to 去进行旅行2

20、0. have a gift for doing sth. 有做的天赋21. all sorts of trouble 各种困难 l The Infinitive-动词不定式 结构：to+动词原形作用：主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语、状语。l Ask some students to tell the uses to the infinitive.1. It is dangerous to play in the street. (主语)2. It takes us thirty hours to get there by trains. (主语) 3They began to read and

21、 write. （宾语）4. He wanted to have a cup of tea. （宾语）5. She hopes to help us. （宾语）6. The teacher told us to do Exercises 1 and 2.（宾补）7. Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. （宾补）8. Would you like us to go with you?（宾补）9. She went to see her grandma last week. （状语）10. He came to give us a talk yesterd

22、ay.（状语）11. Have you got anything to say. （定语）12. He said he had an important meeting to attend.（定语）13. She was the first person to think of the idea. （定语）14. The important thing is to be good at learning. （表语）15. To be a doctor, the most important thing was to save lives. （表语）注意：宾语: 1). 能以不定式作宾语的动词常

23、见的有：like, want, hope, wish, expect, need, hate, prefer,continue, manage, try, ask, offer, start, forget, mean, begin, decide, learn, agree, choose, refuse, plan, help 等。2). 动词tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, forget, know等常用一个连接代词或连接副词的不定式做宾语.e.g. We didnt know who (whom) to ask. She teaches us what to do. They forget when to go.宾补：1). 能以不定式作宾补的动词常见的有：want, wish, exp