钢铁材料的许用应力

1、表1普通碳钢及优质碳钢构件基本许用应力/MPa材材料性能L压弯 曲扭 转剪 切料类材料标号截面尺寸/mm热处 理抗拉强度0- b屈服强度bsInmInmInmInm型/MPao- lo-10-1(TmpmTTT普Q215执b b335410 b s185215145125901759590601009060通碳Q235100舔扎b b375460 b s205235160140100190160120105(T(T11010070钢Q275bb490610 b s2352751751501102101701301151401051201108020正b b410b s2451751451052

2、101651251151057012010575b b450b s275优25火195160115230175135125115751351208035< 100b b530b s3152101801252502001501351208014512085质调质b b550750 b s3203702101851302502051551351258514512085碳45正火b b600b s3552302001452702201701501359016014095调质b b630800 b s370430250215150300235180160150100175150100钢50<

3、; 25正火b b630b s375250215150300235180160150100175150100< 100调质b b>700b s> 400265235165310260195170155105180160110表2碳钢铸件基本许用应力/MPa材料标号截面尺寸/mm热处 理材料性能拉 压弯 曲扭 转剪 切抗拉强度 0- b 屈服强度bs/MPaInmInmInmInm0- lo-10-1(T(T(TmpmTTTZG200400100正 火 及 回火b b400b s20013512090160135105908060958560ZG230450b b450b s2

4、3015514010018515512010085651109065ZG270500b b500b s2701751601152101751351151007512010575ZG310 570b b570(T s3101901701252301901451251058013011080ZG340640b b640b s3402001801302402051551301158714012087表3灰铸铁基本许用应力/MPa材料标号壁 厚/mm抗压强度/MPa抗拉强度/MPa中心抗压弯 曲ffl 剪压拉拉压InInmInmInm(T l(T l(T l(T l(T lTTTTTTHT-150&g

5、t; 2.5 1050070017514080502820503023452418> 10 2014514080412417412519372015> 20 3013014080372115372217331813> 30 5012014080341914342115311712HT-200> 2.5 10600800220170100633625633828573123> 10 20195170100563222563325502720> 20 30170170100492819492922442417> 3050160170100462618462

6、721412216HT-250> 4.0 108001000270230130774431774635693728> 10 20240230130693927694131623325> 20 30220230130633625633828573123> 30 50200230130573223573426512821HT-300> 102010001200290285160834733835037754030> 20 30250285160714129714332643526> 3050230285160663726663930593224HT-350

7、> 10 2011001300340315180975539975844874735> 20 30290315180834733835037754030> 30 50260315180744230744433673627附表 2 钢铁的许用应力（kgf/cm ）载荷软 钢中硬钢铸钢钢铁I9001500120018006001200300拉 伸n6001000800 1200400600200m300500400 600200400100i9001500120018009001500900压 缩n6001000800 12006001000600i900150012001800

8、7501200弯 曲n6001000800 1200500800m300500400 600250400i72012009601440480960300剪 切n480800640960320640200m240400320480160320100i60012009001440480960扭 转n400800640960320640m200400320480160320（注）载荷指 I:静载荷n :重复载荷 m:交变载荷表4 许用弯曲应力b 3材料极限强度br2kgf/cm许用应力o- kgf/cm2稳定载荷冲击或脉动载荷反复交变载荷4000130070040050001700750450碳素钢

9、60002000950550700023001100650合金钢8000270013007501000033001600900铸钢4000100050030050001200700400表5轴的常用材料及许用弯曲应力30钢号处理毛坯宜径(mm)机械性台匕 北硬度HB许用弯曲应力3 wkgf/cm2(T b 2 kgf/mm0- s 2 kgf/mm(T -1.r,2 kgf/mm正火25543226< 1871100正火< 1005227251431871050正火> 100 300502624143187100035正火+回火> 3005004824231371879

10、60>500750462322131187920调质< 100563026.51632011100> 100 300542825.51442011080正火25613628< 2411150正火< 100603027.51702071150正火> 100 300582927163207113045正火+回火> 3005005628261562071080>5007005427251492071050调质< 200653630187229125025907546160035SiMn< 1008052402292861400调质>

11、100 300754535217269140042SiMn> 300400704032.52172551350> 400500653831.5197255130040MB调质2510080501750< 2007550362402901450< 100756038228286150038SiMo调质> 100 300> 30050072553621726914507050351972411400> 50080060403018624112502510080501750< 100755237241286150040Cr调质> 100 3007

12、050352412861480> 3005006540312292601300> 5008006035292172601200注：表中3-1适用丁 4N 8,如果光洁度提高或降低，b -1应相应提高或降低515%表6轴类零件允许变形的参考数值变形名称变形允许值挠度V一般用途的轴需要提高刚度的转轴安装齿轮的轴安装蜗轮的轴v =(0.0003 0.0005) iv =0.0002 lv =(0.01 0.05)mnv =(0.01 0.05)mt转角9滑动轴承 向心球轴承 向心球面轴承 圆柱滚子轴承 圆锥滚子轴承 安装齿轮的轴承9 =0.001rad0 =0.005rad9 =0.005rad9 =0.0025rad9 =0.0016rad9 =0.001rad注：I轴承之间的长度（mm）； mn齿轮法面模数（mm）；M t蜗轮的端面