2011年高考英语真题上海卷试题精讲(含答案和每道题目详细解.

1、绝密启用前 2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语（上海卷） 本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。共 150 分。考试时间 120 分钟。 第一卷 注意事项： 1. 答第一卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡 上。 2. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用 橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上。 3. 考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 Part I. Liste ning Comprehe nsion Sectio n A Directions: In Section A, you wil

2、l hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conv ersati on, a questi on will be asked about what was said. The conv ersatio ns and the questio ns will be spoke n only on ce. After you hear a con versati on and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your

3、paper, and decide which one is the best an swer to the questi on you have heard. 1. Where does the con versati on most probably take place? A. At a train stati on. B. At an airport. C. At a travel age ncy. D. At a bus stati on. 【答案】B 【解析】本题的选材属于“人际关系”类话题，属高考听力的高频话题。题目设置考查了对所 获得的信息进行推理判断的能力。从M: Don t

4、 mention it. How was the flight? ”可直 接推断出。本题虽然很简单，但是还是需要考生对信息做一定的处理。 【听力材料】 W: It s nice of you to come here to pick me up, Mr. Smith. M: Don t menin it. How was the flight? Q: Where does the con versatio n most probably take place? 【话题】人际关系 【材料】短对话 【题型】选择题 2. How much is the service charge if the f

5、ood costs 50 dollars? A. $5 B. $10 C. $15 D. $50 【答案】A 【解析】本题的选材属于“购物”类话题。题目设置考查了对所获取信息进行推断的能力。根 据the service charge is 10% ”可计算出如果消费 50 dollars ，贝U service charge 为$5。这道题需要考生对所听到的信息做一下加工处理。 【听力材料】 W: I won der if there is a service charge for our meal. M: I think so. The menu said the service charg

6、e is 10%. Q: How much is the service charge if the food costs 50 dollars? 【话题】购物 【材料】短对话 【题型】选择题 3. What is the most probable relati on ship betwee n the two speakers? A. Receptionist and guest. B. Salesperson and customer. 应该 C. Doctor and patie nt. D. Waiter and diner. 【答案】A 【解析】本题的选材属于“人际关系”类话题，属

7、高考听力的高频话题。题目设置考查了对所 获得的信息进行推理判断的能力。从两人的对话中可以推断他们一个是宾馆的接待员，一个是 客人。根据对话内容很容易做出判断。 【听力材料】 M: Here is your room key and the checkout time is 12 noon. W: Thanks for reminding me. Q: What is the most probable relati on ship betwee n the two speakers? 【话题】人际关系 【材料】短对话 【题型】选择题 4. How does the man feel? A. E

8、xcited. B. Dissatisfied. C. Bored. D. Exhausted. 【答案】B 【解析】本题的选材属于“个人情感”类话题。题目设置考查了对信息进行推断的能力。从 “M: Soon? How soon is soon? ”可以推断男士对快递的速度非常失望。本题可以通过说话人 的语气做出判断。 【听力材料】 W: Sorry, sir. We are worki ng on your order right now and we t soUrfcte deliveri ng i M: Soon? How soon is soo n? Q: How does the m

9、an feel? 【材料】短对话 【话题】个人情感 【题型】选择题 5. What does the woma n mean? A. Her hair has cha nged. B. She isn t satisfied with her hair style. C. She prefers to wear long hair. D. The man has cha nged his hair style. 【答案】A 【解析】本题的选材属于“个人情感”类话题。题目设置考查了对信息进行推断的能力。从 “M: Hi, Jane. It s been ages. You haven t cha

10、nged a bit! W: Except for the hair! ”可以推断女士的头发发生了变化。 【听力材料】 M: Hi, Jane. It s been ages. You haven t changed a bit! W: Except for the hair! Q: What does the woma n mean? 【话题】个人情感 【材料】短对话 【题型】选择题 6. What does the man mean? A. It is too early to watch the Tale nt Show. B. He will go to bed in five mi

11、nu tes. C. He would rather watch TV tha n go to bed. D. He is old eno ugh to stay up. 【答案】C 【解析】本题的选材属于“日常活动”类话题，属高考听力的高频话题。题目设置考查了对获 取的事实信息进行简单推断的能力。从 M: But mom, the tale nt show is starti ng in 5 min utes. ”可以推断 Mathew希望能够看tale nt show ，所以不想上床睡觉。 【听力材料】 Q: What does the woma n mean? W: OK, Mathew

12、. Time for bed. M: But mom, the tale nt show is starti ng in 5 mi nu tes. Q: What does the man mean? 【话题】日常活动 【材料】短对话 【题型】选择题 7. What can we lear n about Jenny? A. She has got everyth ing ready. B. She n ever hesitates over what to take. C. She hates pack ing by herself. D. She n eeds more time for

13、pack ing. 【答案】D 【解析】本题的选材属于“个人情感”类话题。题目设置考查了对信息进行推断的能力。从 “W: I m still deciding what to take with me. ”可以推断 Jenny 还需要时间收拾东西。 考生需要根据Jenny的话进行推理，从而判断出正确答案。 【听力材料】 M: Hi, Jenny. How are you gett ing on with your pack ing? W: I m still deciding what to take with me. Q: What can we lear n about Jenny? 【材

14、料】短对话 【题型】选择题 8. What does the woma n mean? A. They should wait for Joh n for a while. B. They should stay here for the ni ght. C. They should start the meeting right away. D. They should call John at once. 【答案】C 【解析】本题的选材属于“个人情感”类话题。题目设置考查了对信息进行推断的能力。从 “ W: If we wait for Joh n. We might be here al

15、l night. ”可以推断女士并不赞成等 Joh n 的提议，所以她的意思是尽快开始会议，不等 Joh n。 【听力材料】 M: Everybody is here except John. Shall we start the meeting? W: If we wait for Joh n. We might be here all ni ght. Q: What does the woma n mean? 【话题】个人情感 【材料】短对话 【题型】选择题 9. What can we lear n about the woma n? A. She is unwilling to mov

16、e into a new flat. B. Her neighbors get along well with her. C. She can t tell the man why she is moving. D. Her neighbors usually play their TV loud. 【答案】D 【解析】本题的选材属于“个人情感”类话题。题目设置考查了对信息进行推断的能力。从“ W: I can t tell you how happy I am. I won t have to listen to my neighbor s TV. ” 可以看 岀女士对搬家非常高兴，因为再也

17、不用听邻居的电视声了。从而可以推断邻居的电视声音可能总是 开得很大。 【听力材料】 M: I m glad you are fin ally moving. W: I can t tell you how happy I am. I won t have to listen to my neighbor s TV. Q: What can we lear n about the woma n? 【话题】个人情感 【材料】短对话 【题型】选择题 10. What will the speakers probably do? A. Ask for directi ons. B. Try a dif

18、fere nt route. C. Go back for the map. D. Can cel their trip. 【答案】C 【解析】本题的选材属于“日常活动”类话题，属高考听力的高频话题。题目设置考查了对获 取的事实信息进行简单推断的能力。从 W: Well, si nee we have n t go ne very far. We might as well just turn arou nd. ”可知他们并没有走远，所以可以回去取地图。从而判断 答案为Co 【听力材料】 M: Oh, we left our road map at home. W: Well, since w

19、e haven t gone very far. We might as well just turn around. Q: What will the speakers probably do? 【话题】日常活动 【材料】短对话 【题型】选择题 Sectio n B Directi ons: In Secti on B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked to questi ons on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the q

20、uestio ns will be spoke n only on ce. When you hear a questio n, read the four possible an swers on your paper and decide which one would be the blest an swer to the questi on you have heard. Questi ons 11 through 13 are based on the follow ing passage. 11. What do the member states of the Com mon W

21、ealth have in com mon? A. A political system. B. Religio n. C. Work ing Ian guage. D. Race. 12. What do people do on Common Wealth Day accord ing to the passage? A. Discuss current issues. B. Join in a writing competition. C. Attend an arts and crafts competition. D. Celebrate their friendship. 13.

22、What is the passage mainly about? A. The Common wealth Games. B. An importa nt holiday. C. The Com mon wealth members. D. An intern ati onal associati on. 【答案】 11. C 12.D 13.D 【解析】 11. 本题的选材属于 社会”类话题。题目设置考查了获取事实信息的能力。从 “ The member states all use En glish as a com mon work ing Ian guage 可直接得出答案。 12.

23、 本题的选材属于 社会”类话题。题目设置考查了获取事实信息的能力。从 “Common Wealth Day is held Com mon Wealth s citize ns, particularly childre n, have a cha nee to celebrate their friendship. 可知在Common Wealth Day这天，人们主要是庆祝他们之间的友谊。13.本题的选材属于 社会”类话题。题目设置考查了理解主旨和要义的能力。全文都是围绕着 Common Wealth这个国际组织在进行，所以可以判断答案为 D。其他几个选项都是有关 Common Wealt

24、h的某一方面的内容。考生答题时一定要综合全面，避免被误导。 【听力材料】 The Common Wealth is a group of 54 coun tries. The member states all use En glish as a com mon work ing Ian guage and have similar legal and educati on systems, but represe nt n early every religi on, race and political system on the pla net. The Common Wealth is

25、 active in a huge nu mber of areas such as health and economics. The heads of gover nment meeti ng is held every two years where the leaders of the member states get together to discuss curre nt issues. Common Wealth Day is held in the sec ond week of March every year when Common Wealth s citizens,

26、particularly children, have a chanee to celebrate their frien dship. The Common Wealth also holds sport ing and arts eve nts. There is an annual writer s price and a yearly arts and crafts competition. Perhaps the most wenown event sponsored by orga ni zati on is the Com mon Wealth games, which is h

27、eld every four years in one of the member coun tries. The games have gained ano ther n ame, the frien dly games because of their reputati on for good-natured competitive ness. Questio ns: 11. What do the member states of the Com mon Wealth have in com mon? 12. What do people do on Common Wealth Day

28、accord ing to the passage? 13. What is the passage mainly about? 【话题】社会 【材料】独白 【题型】选择题 Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news. 14. Which of the followi ng is regarded as the most importa nt at Harvard? A. Equipp ing stude nts with kno wledge. B. Qualify ing stude nts for certa in jo

29、bs. C. Develop ing stude nts habits of mind. D. Help ing stude nts to go to graduate school. 15. Which quality men ti oned below can be cultivated both in side and outside the classroom? A. The ability to have critical analysis. B. Creative use of leisure time. C. Logical use of in formati on. D. Wi

30、lli ngn ess to accept un certa in ty. 16. What is the speech mainly about? A. Goals to reach in a college educati on. B. Roles of kno wledge in stude nts growth. C. Qualificati ons n eeded for a job. D. Importa nee of after-class activities. 【答案】 14. C 15.B 16.A 【解析】 14. 本题的选材属于 学校生活”类话题。题目设置考查了获取事实

31、信息的能力。从 “ .Among these things are certa in habits of mind, 可知正确答案为 C。 15. 本题的选材属于 学校生活”类话题。题目设置考查了获取事实信息的能力。从 “ a college education should try to lay a foundation for the creative use of leisure time which can be cultivated in the classroom. Yet, the cultivation of this ability will also occur outsi

32、de of the classroom. 可知 the creative use of leisure time的习惯在课内外都可以培养。 16. 本题的选材属于 学校生活”类话题。题目设置考查了理解主旨和要义的能力。本文的主要 目的在于申明大学教育的最终目的，所以正确答案为 A。 【听力材料】 There is a popular belief that a college educati on is someth ing to be en dured in order to become qualified to obta in certa in kinds of jobs or to g

33、o to graduate school. This is not what we are trying to do at Harvard. The most obvious goal of a college educati oner is to give kno wledge, but it is far from the most importa nt. Remarkably few of the facts you lear n here will rema in in your memory for many years, and some of those that do migh

34、t be proved false by new knowledge. At Harvard, we have looked to other things we can give that will last a little Ion ger. Among these things are certa in habits of mind, such as the ability to have more critical analysis, to make more accurate and logical use of in formatio n and so forth. In addi

35、ti on to these habits of thought, it is our hope that we can help you develop certa in attitudes of mind like a willi ngn ess to accept un certa in ty a nd the lack of defi nite truth. Beyond provid ing these qualities, a college educati on should try to lay a foun dati on for the creative use of le

36、isure time which can be cultivated in the classroom. Yet, the cultivation of this ability will also occur outside of the classroom, for example, on sports fields, in music rooms, and so on. Questi on: 14. Which of the following is regarded as the most important at Harvard? 15. Which quality men ti o

37、ned below can be cultivated both in side and outside the classroom? 16. What is the speech mainly about? 【话题】学校生活 【材料】独白 【题型】选择题 Sectio n C Directi ons: In Secti on C, you will hear two Ion ger conv ersati ons. The conv ersati ons will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are require

38、d to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet. Bla nks 17 through 20 are based on the follow ing conv ersati on. Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each an swer. Compla int Form Caller: Mary White Phone No.: 17 . Location of Problem:

39、 A 18 restaura nt , 449 Sha nghai StreetDetails: It dumps its 19 on the street. It doesn t put bottles and cans i bins. 【答案】 17. 655038 18. seafood 19. rubbish 20.recycli ng 【解析】 17. 本题的选材属于 “日常活动”类话题。题目设置考查了记录获取信息的能力。从 “M: My phone number is 655038. ” 可知正确答案为655038”。 18. 本题的选材属于 “日常活动”类话题。题目设置考查了记录

40、获取信息的能力。从 “.I want to compla in about a sea food restaura nt. ” 直接可得。 19. 本题的选材属于 “日常活动”类话题。题目设置考查了记录获取信息的能力。从 “ First, the restaura nt dumps its rubbish on the street ” 可知正确答案为rubbish ”。 20. 本题的选材属于 “日常活动”类话题。题目设置考查了记录获取信息的能力。从 “M: The restaura nt does n t put bottles and cans in recycli ng bins. ”

41、 可知应填 recycli ng 。 【听力材料】 W: Good morning! Gree n Sen se. Can I help you? M: Hello, my n ame is Mary White and I want to complai n about a sea food restaura nt. W: OK, can I take dow n your telepho ne n umber? M: My phone number is 655038.n 20 W: Good! So what would you like to complain about? M: Ac

42、tually two thin gs. First, the restaura nt dumps its rubbish on the street and you can imagi ne what that attracts rats! W: Right! I ve got that! And the seco nd problem? M: The restaura nt does n t put bottles and cans in recycli ng bin s. It s not resp on sible. W: Got i t! What s the address of t

43、he sea food restaura nt? M: It s 449 Shanghai Street. W: OK! We ll look in to it and call you back. M: Tha nk you. Goodbye! Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each an swer. 【话题】日常活动 【材料】长对话 【题型】选择题 Bla nks 21 through 24 are based on the follow ing conv ersati on. Complete the form. Write NO MORE

44、THAN THREE WORDS for each an swer. W: Good! So what would you like to complain about? How long does short memory last?It lasts on ly 21 What is an example of medium term memory? Buy ing bread, a sort of 22 of thi ngs to do. What is long term memory concerned with? 23 that happen in your life such as

45、 your wedd ing. How is long term memory different from the others? 【答案】 21. a few sec onds 22.a shopp ing list 23. Major eve nts 24.is perma nent 【解析】 21. 本题的选材属于 科普知识”类话题。题目设置考查了记录获取信息的能力。从 that short term memory lasts on ly a few sec on ds. 可知应填 “ a few sec onds ” 22. 本题的选材属于 科普知识”类话题。题目设置考查了记录获取信

46、息的能力。从 sort of a shopping list of things to do? 可知应填 “ a shopping list。 ” 23. 本题的选材属于 科普知识”类话题。题目设置考查了记录获取信息的能力。从 long-term memory. They are talking about the major events that happen in your life such as your weddi ng. 可知应填 “ Major events。 24. 本题的选材属于 科普知识”类话题。题目设置考查了记录获取信息的能力。从 suppose so. Permane

47、nt memory. 可推断 long term memory is permanent。 【听力材料】 W: What s the artic le about? M: It s basically about memory. And it says you ve got three memories: short term, medium term and long term. W: Unv M: They say that short term memory lasts on ly a few sec on ds. So you just sort of read someth ing

48、and you remember the begi nning of the sentence just un til you get to the end of the sentence. W: Unv It 24 M: They say W: Like a M: Eh then M: Yeah I 26. To stay awake, he fini shed a cup of coffee and ordered M: And then medium term memory. The example they give is something like trying to rememb

49、er that you ve got to buy bread. W: Like a sort of a shopp ing list of things to do? M: Yeah! After y ou buy bread, you don t need to store that memory. So it s erased. W: Just sort of a day-to-day man ageme nt. M: Ehthen long -term memory. They are talking about the major events that happen in your

50、 life such as your weddi ng. W: And you n ever forget them. M: YeahI suppose so. Perma nent memory. 【话题】科普知识与现代技术 【材料】长对话 【题型】选择题 Part II. Grammar and Vocabulary Sectio n A Directi ons: Ben eath each of the followi ng senten ces there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one an swer tha

51、t best completes the senten ce. 25. Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you _ the tough years. A. through B. up C. with D. from 【答案】A 【考点】本题考查介词的搭配。 【解析】through the tough years 表示经历了苦难的岁月。 A. the other B. other C. the others D. ano ther 【答案】D 【考点】本题考查不定代词的辨析。 【解析】句意：他为了保持清醒，喝完一杯

52、咖啡后，又要了一杯。两个中的另一个是 the other,不定数目中的另一个是 another。A为干扰项。 27. It s no use _ without taking action. A. compla in B. complai ning C. being compla ined D. to be compla ined 【答案】B 【考点】本题考查it的固定句型。 【解析】it s no use doing sth. 做某事是白费力气的，并且这里是主动。 28. I _ worry about my weeke nd I always have my pla ns ready be

53、fore it comes. A. can t B. mustn t C. daren t D. needn t 【答案】D 【考点】本题考查情态动词的辨析。 【解析】句意：我没有必要担心我的周末，在周末到来之前我总是会事先做好计划。 Needn t do sth.没必要做某事。 29. When Mom looked back on the early days of their marriage, she won dered how they had man aged with _ money. A. so few B. such few C. so little D. such litt

54、le 【答案】C 【考点】本题考查 such, so的辨析。 【解析】本题考查 so和such,难点在于它们后面如果是不可数名词时， such+形容词+不 可数名词，so+形容词+不可数名词，两种结构完全一样，区别就看形容词是什么。如果该结构 中的形容词是表示数量多少的 many, much, few, little则用so;但是，当little翻译成小的时 候，用such, such little children这么小的孩子，so little money这么少的钱。 30. It doesn t matter if they want to come to your party, _ ?

55、 A. doesn t it B. does it C. don theythey D. do 【答案】B 【考点】本题考查反义疑问句。 【解析陈述部分为主从复合句时，附加疑问句部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语保持 相应的关系。 31. After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team _ four days later. A. rescued B. was rescued C. has rescued D. had bee n rescued 【答案】B 【考点】本题考查一般过去时和被动语态。 【解析】句意：海军中的一员在四天后被救

56、了。句意为被动关系，所以可以排除 A、C, 而题目没有表达与过去的某一时间进行比较，即不存在过去的过去，这里只是对过去的事作一 个描述。 32. The rare fish, _ from the cook ing pot, has bee n returned to the sea. A. saved B. savi ng C. to be saved D. havi ng saved 【答案】A 【考点】本题考查非谓语作定语的用法。 【解析】非谓语作为高考三巨头（非谓语、复合句、时态综合）每年都不缺席。在本题 中，鱼”和救”是被动关系，并且明显已经被救出来了。 33. At one poi

57、nt I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam. The n I cha nged my mi nd, _ that he could do nothing to help. A. to realize B. realized C. realizi ng D. being realized 【答案】C 【考点】本题考查非谓语作状语的用法。 【解析】 我”和 认识”是主动的关系，排除 A、D，而A表达的是将来，这里明显不是将 来。句意为：当我发现他帮不上忙时，我就改变了我的主意。 34. Did you predict that many stude nts

58、_ up for the dance competiti on? A. would sig n B. sig ned C. have sig ned D. had sig ned 【答案】A 【考点】本题考查宾语从句。 【解析】主句是过去时，从句要使用过去的一种时态，根据题意：你预测到了会有那么 多的学生报舞蹈考试吗？是过去某一时刻对将来的预测，所以，使用过去将来时就没有什么好 疑惑的了。 35. There is clear evidence _ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. A. what B.

59、 if C. how D. that 【答案】D 【考点】本题考查同位语从句。 【解析】只要看看从句部分就可以发现它什么成分都不缺失，而在同位语从句中 that只 起到衔接的作用，不在从句中担当成分，所以，选择 D就不难理解了。 36. If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won t bother to see it, or I ll wait _ it come on DVD. A. whether B. after C. though D. until 【答案】D 【考点】本题考查连词的辨析。 【解析】句意：如果很多人说这部电影不好看，

60、我也懒得去看了，或者我等到出了 DVD 再看。Un til含义为直到” 37. The police officers in our city work hard _ the rest of us can live a safe life. A. in case B. as if C. in order that D. only if 【答案】C 【考点】本题考查目的状语从句。 【解析】句意：警察努力工作是为了让我们过上安全的生活。 In order that含义为为 了” 38. The message you intend to convey through words may be th